上海华亭学校中考9年级语法第3讲定语从句关系副词Word下载.docx
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上海华亭学校中考9年级语法第3讲定语从句关系副词Word下载.docx
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物
That/which
人/物
Whose=ofwhom/which
定语
2.关系副词的讲解
英语中的关系副词有where,when,why。
关系副词用:
时间名词
When=at/in/onwhich
时间状语
地点名词
Where=at/in/onwhich
地点状语
原因名词
Why=forwhich
原因状语
1)when的用法
when指时间,修饰表时间的先行词,在定语从何中作时间状语。
JulyandAugustarethemonthswhentheweatherishot.七八月是天气很热的月份。
HecamelastnightwhenIwasout.他昨晚来时,我出去了。
DoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoyourhouseandborrowedanecklaceofyours?
你还记得十年前的一个下午,我到你家借项链的事吗?
2)where的用法
where指地点,修饰表地点的先行词,在定语从句中作地点状语。
AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltownwherehegrewupasachild.
在巴黎住了五十年后,他回到他童年时生活的小城镇。
Icanstillrememberthesitting-roomwheremymotherandIusedtositintheevening.
我还记得那间我妈妈和我晚上常坐在一起的起居室。
Shewillgohomewhereshecanrest.她要回家了,在家里她可以休息。
Onemorning,anelephantwasleddowntheroadwheretheystood.
一天上午,有人赶着一头象沿着他们站立的那条路走过来。
注意:
先行词为表示时间、地点的名词时,关系词不一定都用when或where。
如果关系词在定语从句中作
主语或宾语,就要用关系代词which或that。
Thisisthefactorythat/whichwevisitedlastyear.这是我们去年参观的那家工厂。
Iwon'
tforgetthetimethatwespentinthecountryside.我永远不会忘记我在农村度过的那段时光。
3)why的用法
why指原因,修饰名词reason,在定语从句中作原因状语。
Thisisthereasonwhyhedidso.这就是他这样做了的理由。
Doyouknowthereasonwhyheleftearly?
你知道他为什么早走吗?
【例题精讲】
例1.关系副词when
(1).先行词指时间并在从句中作时间状语时,用when引导从句。
when=in/at/onwhich。
Wewentthroughaperiod___communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas(上海卷).
A.whichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich
[解析]答案为C。
这里period表示一段时间,在定语从句中充当时间状语,表示“在那个时期,通信在偏远地区是很困难的。
(2).当先行词是表示时间的名词,但在从句中作动词remember,spend,take,forget等动词的宾语时,用that或which引导从句。
例题:
Doyoustillrememberthedays________wespenttogetherinAustralia?
A.whenB.duringwhichC.whichD.onwhich
这里先行词为thedays,在定语从句中作spend的宾语,所以用关系代词which.
例2.关系副词where
(1).先行词指地点并在从句中作地点状语时,用where引导从句,where=in/at/onwhich。
FiehasleftforBeijing,ameetingistobeheld.
A.whenB.whereC.asD.which
[解析]答案为B。
先行词为Beijing,在后面的定语从句中作地点状语,表示一个会议即将在北京召开。
(2)当先行词是表示地点的名词,但在从句中作动词visit,forget,remember,build等动词的宾
语时,用that或which而不用where引导从句。
Thisisthemuseum________yousawtheotherday.
A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat
[解析]答案为A。
先行词为themuseum,在定语从句中作see的宾语,所以用关系代词that.
(3)某些抽象地点名词如:
point,stage,situation,case,condition,activity,celebration等做先行词时,定语从句常用where引导,表示抽象化的地点。
I’vecometothepoint______Ican’tstandhim.(where)
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。
Thecountryisinthesituation______awarwillbreakoutatanytime.(where)
国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。
[解析]这两道题主要是找准先行词,一个是point,一个是situation,这两个先行词在定语从句中都是作状语,所以用关系副词。
例3.关系副词why
(1)先行词是reason在从句中作原因状语时,用关系副词why引导从句。
why=forwhich。
ThereasonIwritetoyouistotellyouaboutmynewfriendHenry.
A.becauseB.whyC.forD.as
解析:
答案为B。
本句话的意思是我写信给你的原因是要告诉你我的新朋友亨利。
Thereason为先行词,在定语从句中作状语。
(2).先行词是reason但是在从句中作某些动词如explain,remember,forget等的宾语时,不能用why引导从句,这时要用that或which引导从句。
Haveyoueveraskedhimthereasonmayexplainhisabsence?
A.whyB.whenC.thatD.what
答案为C。
thereason为先行词,在定语从句中作explain的主语,所以需要一个关系代词。
【巩固练习】
基础题:
1.Pisaisacity,______hasaleaningtower.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.there
2.Pisaisacity,____thereisaleaningtower.
3.Isthisthefactory______yourfatherusedtoworkmanyyearsago?
A.theplaceB.whichC.inwhichD.theoneinwhich
4.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding______thereisabigappletree?
A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhereD.infrontofwhich
5.Thereason______shedidn’tcometoTom’sbirthdayisthathermotherwon’tlether.
A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.forwhat
6.Chinaisabeautifulcountry,_____wearegreatlyproud.
A.whichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.where
7.Iwillneverforgettheday_____Ijointhearmy.
A.onwhichBinwhichC.whichDatwhich
8.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_____wantedtobuyit.
A.noneofthemB.bothofthem
C.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom
9.Therearetwobuildings,______standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.
A.thelargerB.thelargerofthem
C.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich
10.“I’dliketogivemythankstothose____helpmysonwillbeabletosurvivehisterribledisease,”saidthewomanonTV.
AwhoBthatCwithwhoseDwiththeir
11.Westillrememberedthedays_____wetravelledtogether.
A.whenB.whichC.inthatD.there
12.Westillrememberedthedays_____wespenttogether.
A.whenB.whichC.inthatD.there
13.Itwasanagreement,________couldnotbechanged.
A.ofwhichdetailsB.whosethedetails
C.thedetailsofwhichD.allwhosedetails
14.Shespentalotoftimepreparingfortheinterview,________wasquiteunnecessary.
A.whichIthoughtB.whichIthoughtit
C.andIthoughtsheD.butwhichIthought
15.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestchildthanshewastotheothers,________,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who
Keys:
ACCDCCADDCABCAA
提高题:
1.Jeannewasheroldfriend,____sheborrowedanecklace.
A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom
2.Hisglasses,_____hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.
A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that
3.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_____muchcanbelearned.
A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhom
4.Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy____wemayreturninthenearfuture.
A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich
5.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding_____thereisawell?
A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhose
C.infrontofwhichD.infrontofthat
6.I’llneverforgettheday____Ifirstmetyou.
A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich
7.Thewoman_____mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.
A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhom
8.Hetookall_________washereandleftnothing.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD./
9.Doyouknowthatgirl________wearingareddress?
A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.who’s
10.Youmayborrowanybook________.
A.thatyouinterestB.whichyouareinterested
C.thatinterestsyouD.whichinterestsyou
11.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_________Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.
A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where
12.AfterlivinginPairsforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown___________hegrewupasachild.
A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when
13.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,thesailingtimewas226days.
A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich
14.Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousersshehadwiped(擦)herhands.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
15.TheEnglishplaymystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.
A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich
CBDCCABCDCCBAAC
语法填空
1.Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,______wasverykindofhim.
2.Manychildren,parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.
3.–Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?
–Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob___youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.
4.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation_______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.
5.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acity______namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.
6.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_____local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.
7.They’vewontheirlastthreematches,________Ifindabitsurprisingactually.
8.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.
9.HewasveryrudetotheCustomsofficer,
________
ofcoursemadethingsevenworse.
10.WheneverImether,_________wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.
1-5which,whose,where,where,whose6-10when,which,whom,which,which
3.介词+which结构
要点1.紧跟介词的关系词,引导定语从句时,指事物用which,指人用whom。
Thisisthemachineon_____shespent1000dollars.(which)
XiaoWang,with_____Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.(whom)
要点2:
介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句中,介词如何选择
1)看定语从句中动词或者形容词与介词的习惯搭配;
---Whatwerethethings_______whichhewasnotsosure?
(about)
2)根据先行词判断,所用的介词与先行词的习惯搭配;
---Thespeed____whichyoudriveyourcarmustn’tbetoohigh.(at)
3)可以通过句子的整体含义,结合生活实际来判断。
---Chinahasmanyrivers,________whichtheYangtzeRiveristhelongest.(of/among)
1.ThecomradeIsharetheroom________isayoungteacherfreshfromcollege.
A.withhimB.withwhomC.withD.in
2.Whatdoyouthinkofthematerial_______thecoatismade?
A.whichB.ofwhichC.fromwhichD.inwhich
CB
1.Someoftheroadswereflooded,_____madeourjourneymoredifficult.
A.which B.it C.what D.that
2.Finallytheyarrivedataplace_______soldcigarettesandothersmallarticles.
A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.what
3.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,_______theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.
A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where
4.—Mom,whatdidthedoctorsay?
—Headvisedmetolive______theairisfresher.
A.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.Where
5.Thereweretwosmallroomsinthehouse,____servedaskitchen.
A.thesmallerofwhich
B.thesmallofwhich
C.thesmallerofthem
D.thesmallerone
6.Shehadtwonewcars,______wasmadeinJapan.
A.oneB.whichC.andoneofwhichD.andoneofthem
7.Idon'
tlike_____yousolves
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