bja高中英语阅读理解练习题Word文档下载推荐.docx
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bja高中英语阅读理解练习题Word文档下载推荐.docx
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81题中根据liftweights,balancetheirdietsandbuildphysicalendurance等词可以清楚地知道答题信息在首段中间部分,而ratherthan和文章中的insteadof表达的是同一个意思,因此learnhowtoclimbarope作为答案就显而易见了。
同理,从82题中的schoolboards可知,答案在第二段的中间部分。
83题中,twoproblemswithteachinggroupsports明确告诉考生存在两个problems,当最后一段的首句出现“Anotherproblemwithteachinggroupsports”时,敏锐的学生立刻意识到除了该句之外,上文还应该谈到另一个problem:
“teachingsportslikefootballresultinlessoverallmovement”。
对84题而言,确定信息的位置具有一定的难度,因为问句中没有出现与文章高度相关的词汇。
但从long-termbenefit可推测出“益处”不仅在学校时,而且可以在毕业之后。
由此,可知答案在尾段最后处。
第三步,就问题所对应的相关信息进行归纳总结,重组语言,并注意所规定的字数要求。
这是区别于阅读选择题的最大不同,是该题型的解题关键,也是学生最不善把握的地方。
其实,只要有扎实的英语基本功和掌握一定的技巧,这些问题也能迎刃而解。
首先,在组织语句时,要遵循保留主干(核心词),去掉枝叶(修饰部分)的基本原则。
例如82题,原文中的材料为“schoolboardsoftenputP.E.onthechoppingblock,cuttingitentirelyordecreasingitsteachersorthedaysitisoffered。
”如果照抄照搬显然是不行的。
分析题目,发现either一词,可以想到either…or…的联系,由此,可以去掉“putPEonthechoppingblock”部分,填入cutitentirelyordecreaseitsteachersorthedaysitisoffered。
再去掉修饰用的定语从句itisoffered,正好满足了10个词的答题要求。
其次,尽量用词或短语来代替句子,用简单句来代替复合句,学会英语表达中的同义词代替和不同词性的转换。
83题就是考察考生能否灵活运用的典型题目。
通过对题目“whatarethetwoproblemswithsimplyteachinggroupsports?
”的分析,what的提问可以用名词来回答,而twoproblems可以采用AandB的方式来回答。
从句子teachingsportslikefootballresultedinlessoverallmovement不难找出A=lessoverallmovement.但对B的归纳则有相当的难度。
“Onlyatinypercentageofstudentscontinueplayingthemaftergraduatingfromhighschool”是一个较长的句子,先考虑把它转化为动名词形式—students’continuingplayingsports/students’playingsports.因字数限制,还需考虑其他浓缩成分的方法,onlyatinypercentageof用近义词few代替;
graduatingfromhighschool用其名词形式graduation替代。
至此,该句子可以用fewstudents’playingsportsaftergraduation/students’stoppingplayingsportsaftergraduation等结构表示B。
AandB正好满足了字数的要求。
84题的解答需要一定的技能,Whatisthelong-termbenefitofthenewP.Eprogram?
如果用复合句Thelong-termbenefitofthenewP.E.programisthat…的形式显然达不到题目的要求。
这时,只需要用that…这个表语从句中所包含的简单句就可以了。
而根据题意要求,长远的益处应该是所学的技能能够能延续至成年,因此答案可以为Theskillslearnedcantranslatetoadulthood.
最后,注意拼写和语法的准确。
如81题中,ratherthan后应该跟动词原形,而文章中的insteadof后接的是动名词,千万不可混淆;
82题中要求写出的是句子的谓语,而文中该部分却是分词结构,不能不假思索,一抄了之。
总之,阅读简答题解答时,理解文章固然重要,但语言表达能力更是成败关键,一定要做到语言准确,精炼概括,言简意赅。
技巧提示
1.浏览全文,把握中心思想
2.根据问题,找出对应答案段落
3.具备概括能力
4.区分近似答案选项
(一)
Scientistshavetriedtocomeupwithbiologicalexplanationsforthedifferencebetweenboysandgirls.
However,nonewerebelievableenoughtoexplainthegeneralpicture.Asonescientistpointsout,“Thereareslightgeneticdifferencesbetweenthesexesatbirthwhichmayaffectthesubjectsboysandgirlschoose.Butthedifficultyisthatbythetimechildrenreachschoolage,therearesomanyothereffectsthatitisalmostimpossibletotellwhethergirlsareworseatscienceandmaths,orwhetherthey’vebeenbroughtuptothinkofthesesubjectsasboys’‘territory’”.
Statisticsshowthatinmathematics,atleast,girlsareequaltoboys.Arecentreportsuggeststhatgirlsonlystopstudyingmathematicsbecauseofsocialattitudes.Oneofthereports’authorssays,“Whileitissociallyunacceptableforpeoplenottobeabletoreadandwrite,itisstillacceptableforwomentosaythattheyare‘hope-less’atmaths.Ourresearchshowsthat,althoughgirlsgetmarkswhichareasgoodastheboys,theyhavenotbeenencouragedtodoso.”
Theexplanationforthedifference,whichisveryclearduringtheteenageyears,goesasfarbackasearlychildhoodexperiences.Fromtheirfirstdaysinnurseryschool,girlsarenotencouragedtoworkontheirownortocompletetasks,althoughboysare.Forexample,boysandnotgirls,areoftenaskedto‘help’withrepairwork.Thisencouragementleadstoawayoflearninghowtosolveproblemslateroninlife.Evidenceshowsthatexceptionalmathematiciansandscientistsdidnothaveteacherswhosuppliedanswers;
theyhadtofindoutforthemselves.
Afurtherreportonmathsteachingshowsthatteachersseemtogivemoreattentiontoboysthantogirls.
Mostteacherswhotookpartinthestudyadmittedthattheyexpecttheirmalestudentstodobetteratmathematicsandsciencesubjectsthantheirfemalestudents.Allofthistendstoencourageboystoworkharderinthesesubjects,givesthemconfidenceandmakesthembelievethattheycansucceed.
Interestingly,bothboysandgirlstendtoregardsuch‘male’subjectslikemathematicsandscienceasdifficult.Yetithasbeensuggestedthatgirlsavoidmathematicscourses,notbecausetheyaredifficult,butforsocialreasons.
Mathematicsandsciencearemainlymalesubjects,andtherefore,asgirlsbecometeenagers,theyarelesslikelytotakethemup.Girlsdonotseemtowanttobeinopencompetitionwithboys.Neitherdotheywanttodobetterthanboysbecausetheyareafraidtoappearlessfemaleandso,lessattractive.
81.Accordingtoscientificstudies,girlscanlearnmathsaswellasboysif__________.
82.Thosewhomadeextraordinarycontributionsinmathematicsandscience____________.
83.Whyareboysfavoredovergirlswhenitcomestomathematicsandscience?
_____________.
84.Whatcausedgirlstogiveupmathematicscourses?
_______________________.
keys
81.givenenoughencouragement.
82.hadtheabilitiesofsolvingproblemsbythemselves.
83.Becauseteachersexpectboystodobetterinmathematicsandscience.
84.Socialreasons.
(二)
In1901,thecitizensofColoradoSpringsintheUSAdecidedtocollecteverydayitemsandtoseal(密封)theminasteelbox.Theboxwasmarked“Tobeopenedaftermidnight,December31st,AD2000”,andwasstoredintheColoradoCollegelibrary.
Onehundredyearslater,ontheappointedday,300peoplegatheredtowatchtheopeningofthebox.Manyinthecrowdwerethedescendants(后代)ofpeoplewhohadplacedthingsinsidethebox.
Whentheboxwasopenedaftermidnight,thecontentswereinverygoodcondition.Therewerenewspapers,photographs,diaries,namecards,familytrees,booksanddozensofletters,includingonewrittenbyTheodoreRoosevelt,whobecamethePresidentoftheUSAlaterthatyear.OneofRoosevelt'
sfriendslivedinColoradoSpringsatthattime.
Manyoftheletterswereaddressedtotheirdescendants.Theydescribethehopesthatpeopleof1901hadforthepeopleofthenextcentury.Atthattime,ColoradoSpringshadjustafewthousandresidents,Nownearlyhalfamillionpeoplelivethere.
ColoradoCollegeLibraryhasscannedthematerialandputthemonawebsite.CecilMuller,whosegrandfatherhadplacedacollectionofpostcardsinthebox,saidthatthetimecapsulewasagreattreasure.“Thisisawonderfuleducationalresource.Wecanlearnsomuchaboutourhistory,”hesaid.“Ineverknewmygrandfather,butnowIfeelveryclosetohim.”
InApril2001,acommitteefilledthetimecapsulewithitemsfrommodemColoradoSpringsandresealeditforanotherhundredyears.
81.Accordingtothepassage,whenwastheboxopened?
(nomorethan5words)
_____________________________
82.Whatdidmanyofthelettersintheboxtalkabout?
(nomorethan5words)
_______________________________.
83.Whatdoesthe“timecapsule”refertoaccordingtothecontextinthepassage?
___________________________________________________________________.
84.WhatcanbeconcludedfromCecilMuller’swords?
Keys
81.January1st,AD2001
82.hopeforthefuture.
83.Itreferstoacollectionofitemsfrompeopleinthepast.
84.Helearnedalotaboutthelocalhistoryfromthecollection.
(三)
CreditanddebitcardsareexpectedtoovertakecashthisyearasBritain'
smostpopularmethodofpayment,accordingtoanewindustryreport.Itwillbethefirsttimethatcardpaymentshaveoutstrippedcashoutlayforgoodsandservices.Thereare246plasticcardtransactionsmadeeverysecond.Totalplasticcarduseisexpectedtoexceed£269billionin2004,justawhiskeraheadofthepredicted£268billionforcashpayments,saidbankingindustrybodytheAssociationforPaymentClearingServices.
Thegroup,whichrepresentsthemajorbanks,saidcreditcardshadbecome“demonized”(魔鬼化)asoneofthemaincausesofballooningdebts,butadded:
“Withoutplastic,oursocietywouldvirtuallygrindtoahalt.”
Lastyear,thenumberofplasticcardsinuseinBritaingrewby13million,or9%,to160million—theequivalentof3.5cardsperadult.Two-thirdsofcardtransactionsarenowmadeusingdebitcards.
Plasticaccountedfor£244billionofspendingin2003.“Thisyear,totalplasticcarduse,ifbusinesscardusageisincluded,isexpectedtotop£269billion.In2005itisexpectedthatpersonalplasticcardusagealonewillovertakecashpayments,”saidApacs.
Intermsofnumbersoftransactions,cashwillremainmuchbiggerthanplasticforsometimetocome,itadded.“Cashwillalwaysremainthereforlow-valuepayments.”
Meanwhile,2003wastheyearthate-commerce“cameofage”intheUK.Morethan18millionpeopleboughtgoodsorservicesonline,up50%on2002.Creditcardsaccountedfor69%ofthe200mtransactions,withdebitcardsmoppingupmostoftheremainder.
Lastyearwasalandmarkyearforanotherreason---thefirstreductionincardfraudforeightyears.Fraudlossesonplasticcardsfellby5%to£402millionasmeasurestocombatcrooksstartedtotakeeffect.
Anewgenerationofcardscontainingcomputerch
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