festival 课后复习Word格式文档下载.docx
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festival 课后复习Word格式文档下载.docx
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sBirthday(July1st)/AnniversaryoftheFoundingoftheChineseCommunistParty
●Army'
sDay(August1st)
●Teacher'
sDay(September10th)
●NationalDay(October1st)
TraditionalChineseHolidays
ThecalendartheChinesetraditionalholidaysfollowisofauniquelunarsystem.Therefore,the1stdayofthe1stmonthreferredheredoesnotnecessarilymeanJanuary1st.
●SpringFestival(TheChineseNewYear)(1stofthe1stlunarmonth)
●LanternFestival(15thofthe1stlunarmonth)
●QingMing(PureBrightnessDay)(Fifthofthe24SolarTerms)
●DuanWu(DragonBoat)Festival(5thofthe5thlunarmonth)
●DoubleSeventhFestival(TheSeventhEve,7thoftheseventhlunarmonth)
●Mid-AutumnFestival(15thoftheeighthlunarmonth)
●DoubleNinthFestival(9thoftheninthlunarmonth)
Solar
Terms
Jieqi(orsolarterms)aredaysmarkingoneofthe24timezonesofthesolaryearintraditionalChinesecalendar.JieqiwasusedtoindicatethealternationofseasonsandclimatechangesinancientChina.ItisauniquecomponentandcreativeinventionofChinesetraditionallunarcalendar.
TheTwenty-fourSolarTerms
●1stsolarterm:
theBeginningofSpring立春
●2ndsolarterm:
RainWater雨水
●3rdsolarterm:
theWakingofInsects惊蛰
●4thsolarterm:
theSpringEquinox春分
●5thsolarterm:
PureBrightness清明
●6thsolarterm:
GrainRain谷雨
●7thsolarterm:
theBeginningofSummer立夏
●8thsolarterm:
GrainFull小满
●9thsolarterm:
GraininEar芒种
●10thsolarterm:
theSummerSolstice夏至
●11thsolarterm:
SlightHeat小暑
●12thsolarterm:
GreatHeat大暑
●13thsolarterm:
theBeginningofAutumn立秋
●14thsolarterm:
theLimitofHeat处暑
●15thsolarterm:
WhiteDew白露
●16thsolarterm:
theAutumnalEquinox秋分
●17thsolarterm:
ColdDew寒露
●18thsolarterm:
Frost'
sdescent霜降
●19thsolarterm:
theBeginningofWinter立冬
●20thsolarterm:
SlightSnow小雪
●21stsolarterm:
GreatSnow大雪
●22ndsolarterm:
theWinterSolstice冬至
●23rdsolarterm:
SlightCold小寒
●24thsolarterm:
GreatCold大寒
春雨惊春清谷天,夏满芒夏暑相连,秋处露秋寒霜降,冬雪雪冬小大寒。
I.Chinesemajortraditionalfestivals
1.SpringFestival
China’smostimportantfestival
fallsonthe1stdayofthe1stlunarmontheachyear.
FamilymembersgatherjustastheydoforChristmasintheWest.
thebusiesttimefortransportationsystems(transportduringtheSpringFestivalperiod春运)
Origin
SpringFestivalisalsocalledguonian,whichmeanskeepingthemonsterNianaway.TherearemanylegendsabouttheoriginofNian.
ApopularlegendfromancienttimesdescribedNianasafiercemonsterresemblingabullwithalion’shead.….
PreliminaryYear(Xiaonian)
●The23rddayofthe12thlunarmonth
●SacrificesareofferedtotheKitchenGod
●familiessharingdeliciousfoodfollowedbypreparationsforthecomingSpringFestival.
Preparations:
foods,
decorations
newclothesandshoesforchildren
giftsfortheelderly,friendsandrelativesare
Housesarethoroughlycleaned.
SpringFestivalEve
●PasteSpringFestivalCouplets
●PasteUpside-down'
Fu'
Character
●PasteSpringFestivalPictures
PicturesoftheGodofDoorsandGodofWealth
●SpringFestivalEveReunionDinner
●TheSpringFestivalGala
●Guardtheyear(StayuplateorallnightonNewYear'
sEve)
SpringFestivalCouplets
●TheseareChinesegoodluckproverbswrittenonredpaper,oftenwithgoldentrimming
●andthesecoupletsareusuallyabouthappiness,wealth,longevity,andasatisfactorymarriage,includingmorechildren.
汉代时,人在桃木片上写神荼、郁垒二神的名字,春节时挂在门口,以为就可以使恶鬼望而生畏,不敢进门骚扰了。
五代以后,开始在桃板上书写联语。
到了明代,又把桃木板改成纸,就和今天的春联很相似了。
Upside-down'
"
Fu“isamustinSpringFestivalcelebrations.
pastednormallyorupsidedown,becauseinChinesethe"
up-sidedfu"
ishomophonicwith"
fucomes(fudaole)”
fu,"
literallymeaningauspiciousness,blessingorhappiness,toexpresspeople'
swishesforthecomingnewyear.
Theoriginofthetradition
AccordingtoMenglianglu,abookrecordingthefolkcustomsintheSongDynasty(960-1127),peopleatthattimehadalreadybeenpracticingthetradition.
《梦粱录》"
士庶家不论大小,俱洒扫门闾,去尘秽,净庭户,换门神,钉桃符,贴春牌,祭祖宗"
。
文中的"
贴春牌"
即是写在红纸上的"
福"
字。
There'
salsoanotherlegendrelatedtoZhuYuanzhangandtheEmpressMa.
Theaccompanyingpatternsusuallyincludeavarietyofthemeslikethegodofwealth,godoflongevity,abirthdaypeach,acarp,adragonandaphoenixaswellasotherthemes.
五福临门:
福禄寿禧财goodfortune,amplesalary,longevity,happylifeandgreatwealth
SpringFestivalEveReunionDinner
Dishesthatmustbeincluded:
●Chicken Auspicious
●fish abundant
●tofu blessed
Othertypicalfoods:
●Niangao,orglutinousricecakes,means“higherandhigher,oneyearafteranother.”
●Jiaozi,ordumpling,means“biddingfarewelltotheoldandusheringinthenew”
TheSpringFestivalGala
StayuplateorallnightonNewYear'
sEve(guardtheyear)
●Accordingtothecustom,peoplewillstayuplateontheChineseNewYear’sEve.Familymembershavedinnertogether,andchattillmidnighttowelcometheNewYearin.
●Inmostareas,thefireinthechamberoftheKitchenrangeshouldnotbeputoutontheeve.Peoplewillplaceathicktreerootorcarbonblockintherangeorinanearthenbasin,toletitburnuntilthefirstdayofthelunarNewyear.Asonepieceoffuelisconsumed,theflamepassestoanother.Itsymbolizeseternity,andhasahintoftheworshipoffireasinancienttimes.
PayaNewYear'
sCall
GivingHongbao
●(redpacketsorredenvelopes)
●Withgiftmoneyinit
●Guaranteechildren’shealthygrowthinthecomingyear.
FireworkandFirecrackerDisplay
●Fireworksandfirecrackers,knownasyanhuaandbaozhuinChinese,wereoriginallymadeofrealbamboo.TheyweretraditionallysetofftofrightenawayghostsandmonsterssothattheNewYearwouldbefreeofthem.
TaboosofChineseNewYear
●Ifachildbreaksabowlbyaccident,“Peaceallyearround”shouldbesaidtoturnanillluckintogood,as“broken”hasthesamepronunciationwith“year”inChinese.
●Peopleshallnevermentionwordsrelatedto“death”.
●Knivesandscissorsareadvisednottobeusedduringthefirstthreedaysofthefestival.
●Whenpeoplehavefishasoneofdishes,itisusuallyamustthattheyleavesomeofthemeatintheplate.
●Insomefamilies,peoplebelievethattherubbishshouldnotbetakenoutofthehousesotheystoreitinthecorneroftheroomforthefestivaldays.
●Insomeplaces,peopledon’thavetheirhaircutduringthecelebratingperiod,andfallingchopstickswhentakingamealisconsideredbadluckinthenewyear.
MarriedDaughtersReturntoParents'
Home
●OntheseconddayoftheNewYearthemarrieddaughters,togetherwiththeirhusbandsandchildren,willgobacktotheirparents'
houseforthereuniondinners,toshowtheirrespectanddeepaffection.
SpringFestivalCelebrationtraditionallylastsfor15days,i.e.fromtheLunarNewYear'
sDaytotheLanternFestival.
Christmas.Itscelebrationlastfor12days,whichiscalledChristmasTide,orChristmasHolidaySeason.
2.LanternFestival
●the15thdayofthe1stlunarmonth
●asearlyastheWesternHanDynasty(206BC-AD25)
Thetraditionofwatchinglanterns
ThroughouttheHanDynasty(206BC-AD220),BuddhismflourishedinChina.EmperorMingintheEasternHanDynastyheardthatBuddhistmonkswouldwatchsarira,andlightlanternstoworshipBuddhaonthe15thdayofthe1stlunarmonth,soheorderedtolightlanternsintheimperialpalaceandtemplestoshowrespecttoBuddhaonthisday.Later,theBuddhistritedevelopedintoagrandfestivalamongcommonpeopleanditsinfluenceexpandedfromtheCentralPlainstothewholeofChina.
元宵赏灯始于东汉明帝时期,明帝提倡佛教,听说佛教有正月十五日僧人观佛舍利,点灯敬佛的做法,就命令这一天夜晚在皇宫和寺庙里点灯敬佛,令士族庶民都挂灯。
以后这种佛教礼仪节日逐渐形成民间盛大的节日。
该节经历了由宫廷到民间,由中原到全国的发展过程。
GuessingRiddles
fromtheSongDynasty.Visitorswhosolveariddlemaygetprizes.
Yuanxiao
●Peoplewilleatyuanxiao,orricedumplings,onthisday,soitisalsocalledthe"
YuanxiaoFestival."
●Yuanxiaoalsohasanothername,tangyuan.Itissmalldumplingballsmadeofglutinousriceflourwithrosepetals,sesame,beanpaste(豆沙),jujubepaste,walnutmeat,driedfruit,sugarandedibleoilasfilling.
●Tangyuancanbeboiled,friedorsteamed.
●Ittastessweetanddelicious.
●What'
smore,tangyuaninChinesehasasimilarpronunciationwith"
tuanyuan"
meaningreunion.Sopeopleeatthemtodenoteunion,harmonyandhappinessforthefamily.
Relatedexpressions:
SpringFestivalEveDinner年夜饭
PayANewYearCall拜年
Wishyouprosperity恭喜发财
stayuplateontheChineseNewYear’sEve守岁
WalkingonStilts踩高跷
Yuanxiao元宵
Dumpling,Jiaozi饺子
DragonDance舞龙灯
LionDance舞狮
SacrificetoKitchenGod祭灶神
Settingofffirecrackers放鞭炮
SpringCouplets春联
Upside-down‘Fu’Character福到
TempleFair庙会
RedPackets压岁钱
TheYearofSnake蛇年
TheSnakePersonality属蛇
TheSnakeChild蛇宝宝
ChineseZodiacC
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