跨文化交际案例分析Word格式.docx
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跨文化交际案例分析Word格式.docx
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physiotherapistmovedoneofthepatient’slegsinawaythatcausedhimpain.
“Ouch!
”hecried.
“Oh,Ididn’tdothat,”saidthephysiotherapist.“Itwasthatdoctoroverthere,”andhepointedtotheChinesewoman.
“Howcouldshehavedoneitsinceshe’sontheothersideoftheroom?
”thepatientpointedout.
“Ah,shehasthreehands.”thephysiotherapistreplied.
AtthesewordstheChinesedoctorbecameevenmoreupset.Shewas
sodisturbedthatshebehavedinawayuncharacteristicofherculture.She
waiteduntilthepatienthadgone,andthensaidtothephysiotherapist,
“I’mveryupsetbywhatyousaid.”Thephysiotherapistwastakenaback.
“WhathadIsaid?
”“YousaidIhadthreehands,”theChinesedoctorfinallychoked.“YouthinkItookthepeanutbutter.”
Answerthefollowingquestions:
1.Howdoyouunderstandthephrase“tohavethreehands”?
(3分)
2.Whatcausedtheircommunicationconflicts?
(7分)
Thiscasecanreflectthedifferentcommunicationstylesbetween
ChineseandCanadians.Inwesterncultures,communicationisthemeans
oftransmittingideas.Westernpeopleusuallycommunicatedirectlywith
eachother.ThatiswhytheCanadianinthiscasesayswhatisinhismind
directlyinfrontoftheChinesewomanwithouthidinganything.While
Chineseculturestressesharmonyandemphasizestherelationships
betweenthecommunicators.Chinesepeopleviewcommunicationasa
processwhereallpartiesaresearchingtodevelopandmaintainasocial
relationship.SotheChinesewomaninthiscasetriesnottoarguewiththe
Canadianfacetofacetokeepthe“harmoniousrelationship”betweenthem.
Case2:
LeftintheCold
KatherinecametoBeijingin1998andfoundajobasanEnglish
teacherinaforeignlanguageinstitute.Soonafterherclassesbeganshe
foundthatherstudentsshowednointerestinherteachingstyle.Quitea
fewofthemavoidedattendingherclass.Shewasfeelingquiteupsetand
discouragedsoshedecidedtoasktheDirector,Prof.Wangforhelp.Prof.
Wangreviewedhistimetableandsuggestedtheymeetatteno’clockon
Thursdaymorning.WhenThursdaycame,KatherinearrivedatProf.
Wang’sofficeattheexactlyteno’clockfindinghimtalkingwithanother
teacherinChinese.Seeingthatshehadcome,Prof.Wangsmiledand
gesturedhertositdown.Katherinesatdownandtheprofessorexcused
himselfandcontinuedtotalkwiththeotherteacher.Afterfiveminutes,
hefinishedhisconversation,andapologizedtoKatherine,andbeganto
focushisattentiononhersituation.Prof.Wangshowedgreatconcernand
askedherwhattheproblemwas.Justasshewasdiscussingherproblem,
anotherChineseteacherinterrupted,withaformthatrequiredthe
Director’ssignature.TheDirectorsmiled,apologizedtoKatherineagain,
andturnedtotalkwiththeChineseteacherinChinese.Katherinebecame
impatient,andwonderedwhytheirdiscussionshouldbeinterruptedsince
shehadmadeanappointment.Also,shewasupsetandfrustratedthat
theycontinuedtospeakChineseinfrontofher.Althoughtheirtalkcontinued,shewasapparentlyunhappyaboutwhathadhappened.
1.HowwouldyouexplaintheDirector’sbehaviortowardKathrine?
(5分)
2.HowwouldyoumaketheDirectorunderstandwhyKatherinefeltfrustratedandangry?
(5分)
Comment
ThisisatypicalculturalclashbetweenChineseandWesterners.
Thereisagreatdifferenceintheconceptofappointmentanditsbehavior
patternindifferentcultures.ToAmericans,anappointmentisa
confirmationtomeetataprecisetime.Ifanappointmentisscheduled,
bothpartiesshouldrespecttheappointmenttime.Forexample,ifa
professormakesanappointmentwithastudentatacertaintime,itshould
notbeinterruptedbyotherthingsorpeople.Inaddition,Westernersare
goodtimekeepers;
theyadherestrictlytoschedules.However,Chinese
viewappointmentsinamoreflexiblemanner.Theyaremorecasual
aboutcommitments.ThisdifferenceinattitudestowardappointmentwastherootofKatherine’sunhappiness.SincetheDirectormadeanten
a’clockappointment,heshouldhavetriedtoavoidanyinterruption.
However,whenKatherinearrivedontime,theDirectorwasstilltalking
withanotherteacher.Whentheirmeetingfinallybegan,itwasinterruptedagain.ThereisnowonderKatherinebecamefrustratedandangry.
Case3:
PersonalSpace
MarkhadrecentlymovedfromDenmarktoSydneytoworkasa
salespersonforalargeAustraliancompany.Afterthreeweeks,hewas
invitedtojoinalocalclub.Duringthefirstfewweeksattheclub,Mark
wouldeitherstandinthecornertalkingwithsomeoneorsitonasofa
listeningtootherpeopletalkandchat.Astimewentby,hecametoknow
mostoftheclubmembersandseemedtoenjoytalkingwiththem.One
day,ataneveningpartyoneofthefemalemembersapproachedhim.
Markimmediatelyshowedhisinterestbytalkingabouttheatmosphereof
theparty.Atfirst,theconversationbetweenthemseemedtogoquite
smoothly,butasitprogressedtheladyseemedtostepfurtherandfurther
awayfromMarkashehadbeengraduallymovingclosertoher.Thelady
obviouslyseemeduncomfortable.AsMarkwasabouttoaskher
questionsregardingAustraliansocialcustoms,anothermanstanding
nearbydirectedaglancetowardthelady.Sheexcusedherselfandwentto
talkwiththatman,leavingMarkstandingaloneandwonderingwhytheirconversationhadcometosuchasuddenstop.
Answerthefollowingquestion
1.WhydidthatwomansuddenlystoptalkingwithMarkandturnedtoanotherman?
(10分)
Thisisatypicalcaseofmisunderstandingcausedbydifferentperceptionsabutbodydistance.
Thereisalotofevidencetoshowthatbodydistancevarieswith
differentpeople,differentcircumstances,anddifferentcultures.In
Denmark,ataformalevent,theintimatespaceisusuallybetween20to
30centimeters;
whileinAustraliasuchanoccasionrequiresabody
distanceof40to50centimeters.ThereforewhenaDanetalkswithan
Australian,theproblemarises:
theDaneisaccustomedtoaclosedistancewhiletheAustralianiscomfortablewithagreatdistance.
Inthiscase,Mark,bytryingtoestablishhisnormalintimatespace,
infringedontheAustralianlady’sspace.Becauseofthis,shefelt
somewhatthreatenedandlosthersenseofcomfort.Atthatmoment,the
nearbymanofferedhertheopportunitytoexcuseherselffromMark.If
MarkhadhadsomeknowledgeabouttheexpectedpersonalspaceforAustralians,theencountermighthavebeentotallydifferent.
Case4
LiMing,amaleChinesegraduatestudent,studiedintheUnited
States.HesharedaroomwithhisAmericanclassmateTonyina
residencehall.Attheverybeginning,LiMingfounditeasyand
enjoyabletogetalongwithTony,forhewasanopen-mindedpersonand
sometimeshecouldgiveLiMingquitealotofhelpfuladvice.Butlater,
LiMingfeltitreallyhardtodotherealeffectivecommunication.Forexample:
OnedayTonywentintothebathroomandcompletelyshavedhis
head.LiMingeasilydiscoveredthisfactwhenhehimselfvisitedthe
bathroomandsawthehaireverywhere.HereturnedtohisroomandsaidtoTony,“You’veshavedyourhead.”Tonyreplied,“Yeah,Idid.”
LiMingwaitedawhile,thensaid,Idiscoveredyou’dshavedyour
headwhenIwentintothebathroomandsawthehair.“Yeah.”Tony
confirmed.LiMingwasataloss.Hebelievedhehadcommunicatedin
thestrongestpossiblelanguagehiswishthattheAmericanwouldclean
upthemesshe’dmadeinthebathroom.ButLiMingwasverymuchdisappointedathisroommateTony!
LaterhediscussedthesurprisingepisodewithsomeChinesefriends
whotoldhim,“Listen,withAmericansyouactuallyhavetosay:
Cleanup
thebathroom!
”LiMingbelievedhismessagehadbeenveryclear.
However,hewasrelyingonthecontextofthecommunicationforthe
messagetobeunderstood:
hairwasalloverthebathroom,andhisroommatenowwasbare-headed.
Questions:
1.WhydoyouthinktheAmericanstudentTonyfailedtounderstandwhathisChineseroommateLiMinghadwantedtosay?
2.SupposethemaincharactersinthestoryaretwoChinesestudents
ortwoAmericanstudents,inwhatwaywilltheydealwiththematter?
Case7(P30)
Caseanalysis:
Culturaldifferencesdecidethetwostudentsaregoing
tocommunicateindifferentways.案例分析:
文化差异决定这两个学生要沟通的方式不同。
TheChinesestudentwantstheAmericanstudenttounderstandtheu
nderlyingmeansofhiswords,buttheAmericanstudentisusedtothedir
ectstyleofcommunication.Thisisdecidedbyculture.InChineseculture,
peoplewanttosavefaceofboththemselvesandothers,sotheywouldnot
expresstheirideasdirectly.However,intheUnitedStates,unlessyouex
pressyourselfclearlyanddirectly,theotherscannotunderstandyou.
Case5
BartRapsonhadbroughthisfamilytothePhilippinesonajob
assignmentf
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