六英语六级真题及听力解析文档格式.docx
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六英语六级真题及听力解析文档格式.docx
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Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayexplainingwhyitisunwiseapersonbytheirappearance.Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayexplainingwhyitisunwisetojumptoconclusionsuponseeingorhearingsomething.Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)
PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)
Forinvestorswhodesirelowriskandguaranteedincome,.Governmentbondsareasecureinvestmentbecausethesebondshavethefinancialbackingandfullfaithandcreditofthefederalbonds,alsosecure,areofferedbylocalgovernmentsandoftenhave____36______suchastax-freemayevenbebondsareabitmorerisky.
Twoquestionsoften_____38_____first-timeCorporatebondfirstis”IfIpurchaseaCorporatebond,doIhavetoholdituntilthematuritydate”Theanswerisareboughtandsolddailyon____39_____securities,ifyourbonddoesnothave____40_____thatmakeitattractivetootherinvestors,youmaybeforcedtosellyourbondat.,apricelessthanthebond’sfacevalue.Butifyourbondishighlyvaluedbyotherinvestors,youmaybeabletosellitatapremium,.,apriceaboveitsfacevalue.Bondpricesgcncrally____42____inversely(相反地)withcurrentmarketinterestrates.Asinterestratesgoup,bondpnccstall,andviceversa(反之亦然).Thus,likeallinvestments,bondshaveadegreeofrisk.
Thesecondquestionis“HowcanI___43_______theinvestmentriskofaparticularbondissue”Standard&
Poor’sandMoody’sInvestorsServiceratethelevelofriskofmanycorporateandgovernmentbonds.And____44______,thehigherthemarketriskofabond,thehighertheinterestrate.Investorswillinvestinabondconsideredriskyonlyifthe_____45_____returnishighenough.
A)advantages I)fluctuate
B)B)assess J)indefinite
C)bother K)insured
D)conserved L)major
E)deduction M)naturally
F)discount N)potential
G)embarrass 0)simultaneously
H)features
lessonsfromaFeministParadise
[A]Onthesurface,SwedenappearstobeafeministatanyglobalsurveyofgenderequalityandSwedenwillbenearthepoliciesareitsnorm-with16monthsofpaidparentalleave,specialprotectionsforpart-timeworkers,andstate-subsidizedpreschoolswhere,accordingtoagovernmentwebsite,"
gender-awarenesseducationisincreasinglycommon."
duetoanunefficialquotasystem,womenhold45percentofpositionsintheswedishhaveenjoyedtheprotectionofgovernmentagencieswithtitlesliketheMinistryofIntegrationandGenderEqualityandtheSecretariatofGenderwhyareAmericanwomensofaraheadoftheirSwedishcounterpartsinbreakingthroughtheglassceiling
[B]ina2012report,theWorldEconomicForumfoundthatwhenitcomestoclosingthegendergapin"
economicparticipationandopportunity,"
theUnitedStatesisaheadofnotonlySwedenbutalsoFinland,Denmark,theNetherlands,Iceland,Germany,andtheUnited'
srankinthereportcanlargelybeexplainedbyitspoliticalquotatheUnitedStateshasfewerwomenintheworkforce(68percentcomparedtoSweden'
s77percent).Americanwomenwhochoosetobeemployedarefarmorelikelytoworkfull-timeandtoholdhigh-leveljobsasmanagersoralsoownmorebusinesses,launchmorestart-ups(新创办的企业),andmoreoftenworkintraditionallymaleforbreakingthroughtheglassceilinginbusiness,Americanwomenarewellinthelead.
[C]whatexplainstheAmericanadvantageHowcanitbethatsocietieslikeSweden,wheregenderequalityisvigorouslypursuedandengorced,havefewerfemalemanagers,executives,professionals,andbusinessownersthanehlaissez-faire(自由放任的)unitedstatesAnewstudybyclrnelleconomistsFrancineBlauandLawrenceKahngivesanexplanation.
[D]Generousparentalleavepoliciesandreadilyavailablepart-timeoptionshaveunintendedconsequences:
insteadofstrengtheningwomen'
sattachmenttotheworkplace,theyappeartoweakenadditiontoa16-monthleave,aswedishparenthastherighttoworksixhoursaday(forareducedsalary)untilhisorherchildiseightyearsarefarmorelikelythanfatherstotakeadvantageofthislaw,Butextendedleavesandpart-timeemploymentareknowntobeharmfultocareers—forbothgenders.Andwithwomenasecondfactorcomesintoplay:
mostseemtoenjoytheflexible-timearrangement(onceknownasthe“mommytrack”)andneverfindtheirwaybacktofull-timeorhigh-levelsum:
generousfamily-friendlypoliciesdokeepmorewomeninthelabormarket,buttheyalsotendtodiminishtheircareers.
[E]AccordingtoBlauandKahn,Swedish-stylepaternal(父亲的)leavepoliciesandflexibletimearrangementsposeasecondthreattowoman’sprogress:
theymakeemployerscautiousabouthiringwomanforfull-timepositionsatajobtoamanisthesaferisfarlesslikelytotakeayearofparentalleaveandthenreturnonareducedworkscheduleforthenexteightyears.
[F]Ibecameawareofthetrialofcareer-focusedEuropeanwomanafewyearsagowhenImetapost-doctoralstudentfromGermanywhowasthenavisitingfellowatJohnsHopkins.ShewasastonishedbytheprofessionalpossibilitiesaffordedtoyoungAmericanwoman.HerbesthopeinGermanywasagovernmentjob—prospectsforwomanintheprivatesectorweredim.”InGermany“shetoldme,”wehaveallthebenefits,”butemployersdon’t’wantohireus.”
[G]SwedisheconomistsMagnusHenreksonandMikaelStenkulaaddressedthefollowingquestionintheir2009study:
whyaretheresofewfemaletopexecutivesintheEuropeanegalitarian(平等主义的)welfarestatesTheiranswer:
”Broad-basedwelfare-statepolicieshinderwomen’srepresentationinelitecompetitivepositions.”
[H]ItistemptingtodeclaretheSwedishpoliciesregressive(退步的)andhailtheAmericansystemasthatwouldbeSwedescancertainlytakealessonfromtheUnitedStatesandlookforwaystoclearapathfortheirambitiousfemalecareerists.ButmostwomanarenotcommittedthePewResearchCenterrecentlyaskedAmericanparentstoidentifytheir”ideal”lifearrangement,47percentofmotherssaidtheywouldprefertoworkpark-timeand20percentsaidtheywouldprefernottoworkatanswereddifferently:
75percentpreferredfull-timeversionoftheSwedishsystemmightworkwellforamajorityofAmericanparents,buttheUnitedStatesisunlikelytofullyembracetheSwedishmodel.Still,wecanlearnfromtheirexperience.
[I]Despiteitsfailuretoshattertheglassceiling,Swedenhasoneofthemostpowerfulandinnovativeeconomiesintheits2011-2012survey,theWorldEconomicForumrankedSwedenasthe“rockstaroftherecovery”intheWashingtonPost,alsoleadstheworldinlifesatisfactionandhappiness.Itisasocietywellworthstudying,anditseffortstoconquerthegendergapimpartavitallesson—thoughnotthelessontheSwedeshadinmind。
[J]Swedenhasgonefartherthananyothernationonearthtointegratethesexesandtoofferwomenthesameopportunitiesandfreedomsasdecades,thesedescendantsoftheVikingshavebeentryingtoshowtheworldthattherightmixofenlightenedraising,andnon-sexistchildrearingwouldclosethegenderdivideonceandforthedividepersists.
[K]A2012pressreleasefromStatisticsSwedenbearsthetitle“GenderEqualityinSwedenTreading(踩)Water”andnotes:
[L]Confrontedwithsuchfacts,someSwedishactivistsandlegislatorsaredemandingmoreextremeandfar-reachingmeasures,suchasreplacingmaleandfemalepronounswithaneutralalternativeandmonitoringchildrenmorecloselytocorrectthemwhentheygravitate(被吸引)towardgenderedplay.Whenitcametolightlastyearthatmothers,farmorethanfathers,chosetostayhomefromworktocarefortheirsickkids.UlfKristersson.ministerofsocialsecurity,quicklycommissionedastudytodeterminethecausesofandpossiblecuresforthisdisturbingstaleofaffairs.
[M]Swedishfamilypolicies,byaccommodatingwomen'
spreferenceseffectively,arereducingthenumberofwomeninelitecompetitivepositions.TheSwedeswillfindthisparadoxicalandtrytofindsolutions.Letushopethesedonotincludebanninggenderpronouns,policingchildren′splay,implementingmoregenderquotas,ortreatingwomen′sspecialattachmenttohomeandfamilyasasocialinjustice.Mostmothersdonotaspireto(向往)elite,competitivefull-timepositions:
theSwedishpolicieshavegiventhemthefreedomandopportunitytolivethelivestheyprefer.AmericansshouldlookpastthegenderrhetoricandconsiderwhattheseScandina-vianshaveachieved.Ontheirwaytocreatingafeministparadise,theSwedeshaveuninten-tionallycreatedahaven(避风港)fornormalmortals.
注意:
此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
hasdonemorethanothernationstoclosethegendergap.butitconimucs10exist.
isoneofthemostcompetitiveeconomicslifesatisfaction.
48.MoreAmericanwomenholdelitejobpositionsinbusinessthanSwedishwomen.
49.Swedishfamily-friendlypoliciestendtoexertanegativeinfluenceonwomen′scareers.
quotasysteminSwedenensureswomen′sbetterrepresentationingovernment.
theSwedishmodelappearsworkableformostAmericanparents,itmaynotbeacceptedbytheminitsentirety.
womenareallowedthefreedomandopportunitytochoosetheirownwayoflife.
employersarehesitantabouthiringwomenforfull-timepositionsbecauseofthefamily-friendlypolicies.
educa
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