情态动词Word文档下载推荐.docx
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情态动词Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Could语气较弱。
Canthisbetrue?
Thiscan’tbedonebyhim.
Howcouldhebesocareless?
二、may,might
1)表示请求和允许。
might比may语气更委婉,而不是过去式。
否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。
----Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?
----No,youmustn’t.
----May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?
----Yes,youcan.(No,youcan’t/mustn’t.)
用MayI...?
征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用CanI...?
在口语中更常见。
2)用于祈使句,表示祝愿。
Mayyousucceed!
3)表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。
might不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。
1.Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.
2.Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.
三、must,haveto
1)表示必须、必要。
Youmustcomeintime.
在回答引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustn’t(禁止,不准),而用needn’t,don’thaveto(不必).
----Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?
----Yes,youmust.
----No,youdon’thaveto/youneedn’t.
2)must是说话人的主观看法,而haveto则强调客观需要。
Must只有一般现在时,haveto有更多的时态形式。
Theplayisn’tinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.
IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.
WehavetospeakEnglishinclass.
3)表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)
You’reTom’sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.
Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.
Hemusthavebeenangry.
4)表示“偏偏”
WhymustitrainonSunday?
Justwhenwewerereadytogoawayforholidays,thebabymustcatchacold.
四、dare,need
1)dare作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,过去式形式为dared。
1.HowdareyousayI’munfair?
2.Hedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?
2)need作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句。
在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,should代替。
1.Youneedn’tcomesoearly.
2.----NeedIfinishtheworktoday?
----Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.
3)dare和need作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化。
在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。
在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。
而need后面只能接带to的不定式。
1.Idaretoswimacrossthisriver.
2.Hedoesn’tdare(to)answer.
3.Heneedstofinishhishomeworktoday.
五、shall,should
1)shall用于第一人称,征求对方的意见。
Whatshallwedothisevening?
2)shall用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
1.Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkhard.(警告)
2.HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(允诺)
3.Heshallbepunished.(威胁)
3)shall用在一三人称的疑问句中表示征求对方意见。
ShallIcarryyourluggage?
Shallhecometoseeyou?
4)shall用于法律法规,规章制度等
Physicallyexaminedforfreetwiceayeariswhateveryclerkshallbeensuredinanycompanyofthestate.
Eachcompetitorshallwearanumber.
Should
1)在一些名词性从句中,常用should来表示建议,劝告,命令等
Hesuggestedthatweshouldcomeearly.
Itwasproposedthatweshouldactatonce.
2)表示惊奇,赞叹,不满,责备等情绪
HowshouldIknow?
Youshould’thavetreatedhimlikethat.
Itneveroccurredtomethatsheshouldlietomeagain.
3)表示推测。
“可能”,“按理说应该”
Itshouldbeafineddaytomorrow.
-WhencanIcomeforthephotos?
Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.
-Theyshouldbereadyby12:
00
4)应当,应该
Studentsshouldrespectteachers.
Youshouldstopsmoking.
六、will,would
1)表示请求、建议等,would更委婉。
Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball,please?
2)表示意志、愿望和决心。
1.Iwillneverdothatagain.
2.Theyaskedhimifhewouldgoabroad.
3)would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。
would表示过去习惯时比usedto正式,且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
1.Duringthevacation,hewouldvisitmeeveryotherday.
2.Thewoundwouldnotheal.
4)表示估计和猜测。
Youwillhaveheardthenews.
Itwouldbeaboutteno’clockwhenshelefthome.
5)表示倾向,固执
Thecarwon’tstart.
Thedoorwouldn’topen.
七、should,oughtto
1)should,oughtto表示“应该”,oughtto表示义务或责任,比should语气重。
1.Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.
2.Yououghttotakecareofthebaby.
2)表示劝告、建议和命令。
should,oughtto可通用,但在疑问句中常用should。
1.Youshould/oughttogotoclassrightaway.
2.ShouldIopenthewindow?
3)表示推测
Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.(不太肯定)
4)表示责备
Youshouldhavefinishedyourhomework.
Yououghttohavedoneityesterday.
八、情态动词+havedone
1)can/could+havedone
Couldhavedone通常用于肯定句,表示对过去能做而未做的事感到惋惜,遗憾,表示“本来可以做而实际上未能做某事”,是虚拟语气;
can/could+havedone在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定,表示推测
Thedrivercouldhaveavoidedtheaccident.
WhydidyoustayatahotelwhenyouwenttoNewYork?
YoucouldhavestayedwithBarbara.
Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidn’ttryyourbest.(虚拟语气)
Hecan’thavebeentothattown.(推测)
Canhehavegotthebook?
(推测)
2)may/might+havedone表示对过去行为的推测。
不能用于疑问句中,Might所表示的可能性比may小。
Mighthavedone通用于肯定句,表示“本可以”,含有轻微的责备口吻或遗憾。
Youmighthavehelpedyourclassmateoutofhisdifficulty.
Youmighthavewrittentheletterwithoutmyremindingyouofit.
1.
Hemaynothavefinishedthework.
2.
Ifwehadtakentheotherroad,wemighthavearrivedearlier.
3)must+havedone用于肯定句中,表示对过去行为的推测。
意为“一定、想必”。
其疑问、否定形式用can,can’t代替。
参看1)can/could+havedone表示推测。
YoumusthaveseenthefilmTitanic.
2.
HemusthavebeentoShanghai.
4)should+havedone表示对过去行为的推测。
Heshouldhavefinishedtheworkbynow。
表示“本应该做而实际上没有做某事”,其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了。
可以与oughtto+havedone互换。
Yououghtto/shouldhavehelpedhim.(butyoudidn’t.)
Sheshouldn’thavetakenawaymymeasuringtape,forIwantedtouseit.
5)needn’t+havedone
表示“本来不必做而实际上做了某事”。
Therewasplentyoftimeleft.Weneedn’thavehurried.
1.He______youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.
A.mighthavegiven
B.mightgiveC.mayhavegiven
D.maygive
2.Jenny______havekeptherword.Iwonderwhyshechangedhermind.
A.must
B.should
C.needD.would
3..-CouldIborrowyourdictionary?
-Yes,ofcourseyou_________
A.might
B.willC.can
D.should
4.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI______forher.
A.hadtowriteitout
B.musthavewrittenitout
C.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout
5.—ShallItellJohnaboutit?
—No,you______.I'
vetoldhimalready.
A.needn'
t
B.wouldn'
t
C.mustn'
D.shouldn'
6.─Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.
─It______acomfortablejourney.
A.can'
tbe
B.shouldn'
tbe
thavebeen
D.couldn'
thavebeen
7.It'
snearlyseveno'
clock.Jack______behereatanymoment.
A.must
B.need
C.shouldD.can
8..Whenhewasthere,he______gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterwork
everyday.
A.would
B.shouldC.hadbetter
D.might
9..Sir,you_____besittinginthiswaitingroom.Itisforwomenandchildrenonly.
A.oughtn'
tto
B.can'
C.won'
D.needn'
10.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone______getout.
A.hadto
B.would
C.could
D.wasableto
11.--WhencanIcomeforthephotos?
--They_____bereadyby12:
00.
A.can
B.should
C.might
D.need
12..--IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.
--Oh,didyou?
You_____withBarbara.
A.couldhavestayed
B.couldstay
C.wouldstay
D.musthavestayed
13.-Willyoustayforlunch?
-Sorry,_____,Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.
A.Imustn'
tB.Ican'
tC.Ineedn'
tD.Iwon'
14.SorryI'
mlate.I_____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.
A.might
C.can
D.will
15.Ishouldhavebeenthere,butI_______notfindthetime.
B.could
16.MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe___yourlecture.
A.couldn'
thaveattended
B.needn'
thaveattended
C.mustn'
17.---AreyoucomingtoJeff'
sparty?
---I'
mnotsure.I________gototheconcertinstead.
A.mustB.would C.shouldD.might
18.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How_________itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?
A.canB.should
C.may
D.must
19Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe________agoal.
A.hadscoredB.scored
C.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored
20.—Writetomewhenyougethome.
—_________
A.Imust
B.Ishould
C.Iwill
D.Ican
21.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_____homewithoutaword.
A.mustn'
tleaveB.Shouldn'
thaveleft
C.Couldn'
thaveleftD.needn'
tleave
22.Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach,I______
somuchfriedchickenjustnow.
A.shouldn’tcut
B.mustn’thaveeaten
C.shouldn’thaveeaten
D.mustn’teat
23.--Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.
--It_____betruebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.
A.shouldnotbeBwon’tbeCcouldn’tbeDmustn’tbe
24.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_____remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.
AcanBwillCmayDshall
25.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags______beleftforashorttime,especiallyinarailwaystation.
A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will
26.---Idon'
tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.
---You.I'
mnotaskingyouforit.
A.
mustn'
tB.maynotC.can'
tD.needn’t
27.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI_____reportittothepolice?
A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can
28.Mr.White_____at8:
30forthemeeting,buthedidn’t’showup.
A.sho
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