自行车链条线设计参数.docx
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自行车链条线设计参数.docx
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自行车链条线设计参数
自行车链条线设计参数
Chainline
Thisreferstohowstraightthechainrunsbetweenthefrontandrearsprockets.Ideally,bothsprocketsshouldbeinthesameplane,sothatthereisnosidewardmotionorstresstothechain.Thisconstitutes"perfectchainline".
Inthecaseofderailergearedbicycles,thechainlineisnotperfectinmostgears.Theworsethechainline,theworsethemechanicalefficientyofthedrivetrain.
"Correct"chainlineforaderailersystemisamatterofopinion,anddependsontheintendeduseofthebicycle.Therearetwo"simple"answerstothequestionofwhatconstitutesproperchainline:
1.Oneviewisthatthemiddleoftheclustershouldlineupwiththe
middlechainring(orhalf-waybetweenthetwo,inthecaseofa
double.
2.Fromthepartsmanufacturers'pointofview,thechainlinedepends
onthediameteroftheseattubewherethefrontderailermounts.
Forfatterseattubeswherethefrontderailerisfarthertothe
right,derailermanufacturerswantthechainlinetobefarther
totherightalso,becausetheirmainpriorityisshifting
performance,andtheirfrontderailershaveanoptimalchainline
withrespecttotheedgeoftheseattube.Thisisparticularly
aconcerninthecaseofbicycleswithindexedfrontshifting.
Fromtherider'spointofview,chainlineispartlydependentonhowyouaregoingtouseyourgears.Forinstance,consideraroadtriplevsamountainbiketriple:
Witharoadtriple,youmostlyusethetwobiggerrings,thegranny
isonlyoccasionallyused,andonlywiththelargerrearsprockets.
Foraroadtriple,havingthecranksclose-inisgood,because
itincreasestheusabilityofthebigring.
Withamountainbike,thesmallringisusedmuchmoreoften,and
mustoftenbeusedwithfairlysmallsprocketstoavoidhaving
toshiftthefrontunderload.Formountainbikes,amoreoutboard
chainwheelpositionisoftenpreferable.
ChainlineStandards:
ApplicationDimensionNotes
Shimanospec,measuredtothemidpointbetweentherings.
withtypical5mmchainringspacing,thisputstheinnerat41RoadDouble43.5
mm,theouterat46mm.
Shimanospec,measuredtothemiddlering.RoadTriple45
Shimanospec,measuredtothemiddlering.
47.5preferred,butforframeswithoversizedseattubes,the47.5-50MTBTriplelongerdimensionmaybeneeded,becausethefattubeplacesmm
thederailermechanismfarthertotheright.
Track/Coaster
BrakeOlderbikeswith110spacingwouldbeonthesmallerendofTraditional40.5-42thisrangeOne-SpeedmmNewerbikeswith120mmspacingnormallyuse42mmMostinternal
gearhubs
SinglespeedWiderchainlineneedforchainstayclearanceonMTBs.52mmMTB
Rohloff54mmThisisclosetothechainlineoftheouterring
Speedhub(58mmofatypicalMTBtriple
w/13
tooth)
WhiteIndustriesENOhubsusethischainline,whichlinesupSinglespeedwiththemiddlepositionofatypicalMTBtriple.MTB47.5mmIt'salsofairlyclosetotheouterpositionofatypical"road"Alternatedouble.
ChainlineMeasurement-Front
Chainlineismeasuredfromthecenterlineoftheframetothecenterofthechain.
Youcanmeasurethefrontchainlinedirectlywithasimpleruler.Simplyholdtheruleragainsttheseattubeordowntubeandmeasurethedistancetothemiddleofthechainringteeth.Inthecaseoftriplechainwheelsets,measuretothemiddlechainring.Inthecaseofdoubles,measuretothehalfwaypointbetweenthetworings.
ChainlineAdjustment-Front
Ifyouneedtoadjustthefrontchainline,thereareseveraldifferent
optionstoaccomplishit:
ChangetheBottomBracket
Mostbottombracketsmadesincethemid-'90saresymmetrical,theystickoutthesame
amountoneachside.Ifyoureplaceyourpresentbottombracketwithonethatis,say,4
mmshorter,itwillmovethechainline2mmtotheleft,becauseitwillbe2mmshorter
oneachside.
Ifyougothisroutetoanarrowerchainline,makesurethatthere
won'tbeaclearanceproblembetweentheframeandthecrankor
chainring.
BottomBracketSpacer
Ifyouneedtoincreasethechainline(movethechainringtotheright)youcanusually
addaspacerwasherbetweentheright-sidebottombracketmountingring(orcup)and
Sturmey-Archerthebottombracketshelloftheframe.Theusualspacerforthisisa
sprocketspacer.ThesefitallthreadedbottombracketsexceptItaliansize.Sorry,Idon't
knowofanysourceforaspacerthatwillfitanItalian(36mm)bottombracket.,
ChainringSpacers
Forasinglechainring,youcanaddspacersbetweenthechainringandthecrankspider.
Ifyourchainringismountedontheoutsideofthespider,youcan
moveittotherigthtthisway.Ifit'smounteedontheinsideof
thespider,youcanmoveittotheleftasshown.
Thisusesthesame10mmI.D.spacersnormallyusedonrearhub
axles.
Suitablespacersareavailablein1,2,and3mmthickness.You
mayneedtouselonger"double"stackbolts,especiallyforthe
3mmsize.
PhilWoodBottomBrackets
PhilWoodBBsaresuperquality,availableinmanydifferent
lengths,andtheyalsofeaturetheabilitytoadjustthechainline
overarangeofseveralmillimeters.
PhilWoodstuffisexpensive,butit'stheVeryBest.
ChainlineMeasurement-Rear(Forbikesthatdonotusederailergearing)
Tomeasurerearchainline:
Measuretheframespacing(ortheover-lock-nutdimensionofthehub,whichshouldbe
thesame.)(Example:
120mm)
Dividetheresultinhalf.(Example:
60mm)
Measurethedistancefromtheinsideoftherearforkend(ortheoutsideoftheaxle
locknut)tothemiddleofthesprocket.(Example:
18mm)
Subtractthedropout-to-sprocketspacing(Example:
18mm)fromthehalf-over-lock-nut
dimension(Example:
60mm)todeterminetheactualrearchainline(Example:
42mm)Forfixed-gearorothersingle-speedhubs,seebelowforachartofdifferenthubsandsprockets.
Withthischartyoucancalculatetherearchainlinebysimpleaddition.FixedSprocketsandSingleFreewheels
Ihavemeasuredaselectionoftracksprockets,singlefreewheelsandhubswithrespecttochainline(unitsaremillimeters.)The"Chainline"columnisthedistancefromthemmountingshouldertothecenterlineofthesprocketteeth.
Tofiguretheactualchainlineforagivencombination,addthenumberfromthe"chainline"columnofthesprocketorfreewheeltothecorrresponding"chainline"columnofthehubchosen.
Fixed(Track)Sprockets
Model/TypeNominalMeasuredTotalThreadChainline
(FromWidthwidththicknessThickness
Shoulder)
3/32"2.08.07.8Campagnolo7.0
1/8"3.08.07.2Campagnolo6.5
3/32"2.28.238.05E.A.I.7.13
1/8"3.028.248.05E.A.I.6.73MicheQuick3/32"1.97.727.35.85/5.15ChangeSplined
MicheQuick1/8"3.07.727.35.85/5.15ChangeSplined
3/32"2.37.017.01PhilWood5.86
1/8"3.027.567.06PhilWood6.05Shimano3/32"2.117.557.556.49Dura-Ace
Shimano1/8"3.058.587.77.05Dura-Ace
3/32"1.867.37.3Soma6.37
1/8"3.008.46.9Soma6.9
1/8"3.08.57.5SuginoGigas7.0
3/32"2.267.357.35SunTourSuperbe6.22
1/8"3.058.467.5SunTourSuperbe6.93
3/322.07.47.4SurlyNew(2005)6.4
1/8"37.47.4SurlyNew(2005)5.9
3/322.056.316.31SurlyOld5.28
1/8"2.76.426.42SurlyOld5.07
SingleSpeedFreewheels
Chainline
(FromModel/TypeNominalWidthMeasuredwidth
Shoulder)
3/32"2.16ACS7.96
3/32"2.08Shimano7.89
1/8"3.0Shimano8.67
1/8"2.96Tristar7.71
White3/32"2.178.73Industries
SingleSpeedandFixedGearHubs
ChainliOLDModel/TyTrack/MAdjustableLeftRightDrillinneSpaciCentertopeTB?
*SideSidegsngShoulderAmbrosio
largeTrack120?
36FixedFixed32
flange
Campagn28,32,Track120Yes36PlainFixedolosmall36
flange
2002
Campagn
olo28,32,C-RecordTrack120Yes35.9PlainFixed36Large
flange
120,
130,GoldTecTrackYes39.5FixedFixed32,36
135
Fixed/FrI.R.O.Track120No36.032eeKogswellMTB135No45.3FixedFixed32
28,32,MicheTrack120Yes36.3PlainFixed36On-One
FullMTB135No43.3PlainFree32,36Monty
120,PlainPhilWood28,32,126,FixedTrackNo36.75FixedTrack36130Free
PhilWoodPlain/FrFixed/FrK.I.S.S.MTB135No45.3532,36eeeeOff
Shimano28,32,Dura-AceTrack120Yes35.3Fixed367700
Shimano
28,32,Dura-AceTrack120Yes35.3Fixed367700
Small
Flange
Shimano
Dura-Ace28,32,7600Track120Yes35.4Fixed36Large
Flange
SovosTrack112Yes33.5FreeFixed36
28,32,SpotMTB135No47.25PlainFree36SurlyTrack120Yes36.22FreeFixed32Track
Surly1xFixed/FrDrillinMTB135Yes46.5Free1eegsSuzue117-1228,32,TrackYes34.74FreeFixedBasic036Suzue
Promax28,32,Track120Yes35.0FreeFixed(cartridge36
)
Suzue28,32,PromaxTrack120Yes35.0FixedFixed36NJS
VanMTB135No45.9FreeFixed32Dessell
White126,Track/M28,32,Industries130,No39.1FreeFixedTB36ENO135
ChainlineAdustement-RearThereareanumberofoptionsforadjustingrearchainlineonbikeswithasinglerearsprocket:
AxleRe-Spacing/Re-Dishing
Thisistheusualwaytogoforconvertingbikesfromamulti-speedderailersetuptoasingle-speedfixed-gearorfreewheeldrive.
Thespacersarelocatedjustbehindtheouterlocknuts,betweenthelocknutsandthecones(orthebearingmountingnuts,ifyour
hubusescartridgebearings.)Youwillneedconewrenchesandageneralunderstandingofhubbearingadjustmenttodothisjob.
Assumingtherearhub'sspacingalreadymatchesyourframe's
spacing,youcantakespacerwashersfromonesideofthehubandmovethemtotheotherside,thusshiftingtheentirehubfromsidetoside.Inthec
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