语法填空解题技巧与练习.docx
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语法填空解题技巧与练习.docx
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语法填空解题技巧与练习
语法填空解题技巧与练习
语法填空的考查范围:
1语境(上下文);
2语法:
动词(时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式)、名词、代词、冠词、介词、固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级最高级及构词法、倒装等。
语法填空的能力要求:
1.阅读/理解语篇的能力
2.分析句子结构的能力
3.熟练运用语法的能力
4.单词拼写能力
一、动词(谓语/非谓语)
给出动词的原形,根据句子结构的需要给出其适当的形式。
填动词形式,首先抓住主谓结构,确定主句,剩下的部分,如有连词,则是句子,仍然有主谓结构,否则就用非谓语;是谓语就思考时态,语态,主谓一致,是非谓语就看主动被动,有否先后关系。
1.…MsChenhadtaught(teach)meEnglishsinceJunior1,andtoshowmyappreciationIdecidedtogetherapresent.(广州一模)
since,for,yet,already,sofar…..
have/has+done;、/had+done
Ihaven’thadagirlfriendyet.
2.…IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseIhadbeentold(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.(广州一模)
3.…Theexam,whichwasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,__waschanged__(change)tothelibraryatthelastminute..(广州二模)
4.Ihadtoleaveworktotakehimtothehospitalbecausehe___hadbroken__(break)hisfinger.(深二模)
5.Thechild,NicoleHobson,__wasbeingtaken__(take)byhermothertoChildren'sMemorialHospitalabout11p.m.,Wednesdaytocheck…(汕头二模)
Ericisbeingstaredbymanyeyes.
6.Atransitspokesmansaidthedrivershouldhavemade(make)radiocalltothecontrolcenterforhelp.(汕头二模)
shouldhavedone
wouldhavedone
mighthavedone
Homeworkshouldhavebeenfinished.
7.AnofficialfromtheMinistryofEducationsaidthatChinafollows遵循aneducationalpolicythatencourages(encourage)studentstostudyabroad.(茂名二模)
8.Oneofthemwasavisitor,sayinghewouldn’thavebeenthereifhehadwatched(watch)theweatherforecastthedaybefore.(梅州二模)
9.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionofthepersonreceiving(receive)thegift.(广州一模)
10…Withtheproblemsolved(solve),Ifeltproudofmyachievement..(广州二模)
11…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minuteslefttocomplete(complete)therest..(广州二模)
12.There,placed(place)neatlybesidetheemptydish,weretwonickelsandfivepennies—hertip小费!
(深一模)
13.Compared(compare)withthepreviousyear,thenumberofstudentswhowentabroadforstudywasincreasedby15,000,orariseof13%.(茂名二模)
AbecomparedwithB
befacedwith面临着e
_Faced_withthefastdevelopmentofChina,Ifeelagreatburdenonmyself.
14.StormssweptalongNewMexico'sborderwithTexasonFriday,_destroying(destroy)homesandotherbuildingsandinjuring…(梅州二模)
15.Wemustpracticespeakingand(writing)thelanguagewheneverwecan.
16.…butitisnotenoughonly__to___memorizerulesfromagrammarbook.(佛山一模)
17.Thetelevisionviewermakesnochoiceandnojudgment.Heiscompletelypassiveandhaseverythingpresented(present)tohimwithoutanyeffortonhispart.(东莞一模)
Keys:
1.hastaught/hasbeenteaching/hadtaught/hadbeenteaching2.wastold/hadbeentold3.waschanged4.hadbroken5.wasbeingtaken6.havemade
7.encourages8.hadwatched9.receiving10.solved11.tocomplete
12.placed13.compared14.destroying15.writing16.tomemorize17.presented
二、代词
挖掉代词,句子的结构受到破坏,句子间出现不连贯。
1.…Ipatientlywalkedtothelibrary,tookmyseatanddidsomedeepbreathingtohelprelaxmyself.(广州二模)
HewenttoGuangzhoubyhimself.
HewenttoGZ.Hewasveryconfidentwithhisability.
2.Thelittleboypulledhisrighthandoutofthepocketandstudiedanumberofcoinsinit.(深一模)
3.…thedriverdidnothingtohelpandeven甚至stoppedoncetopickupmorepassengers.(汕头二模)
Jake
4.Ifyougiveyourchildreneverythingtheywant…thattheycanneverdoanythingquiteright,thentheywillregardthemselvesasunfitorunablepersons.(深圳罗湖)
sendmyregardstoMrs.Wang问候
5.Some134,000Chinesestudentswenttostudyabroad,and120,000of_themwereself-fundedstudents,…(茂名二模)
Some134,000Chinesestudentswenttostudyabroad,120,000of_whomwereself-fundedstudents,…(茂名二模)
LiBingBingisnotthatbeautiful.
6.Firstly,wemustunderstandthelanguagewhenwehearitspoken.(佛山一模)
Keys:
1.myself2.his3.nothing4.themselves5.them6.it
三、定语从句的引导词.
必须根据定语从句的信息和先行词进行推断,从而补出引导词,这本身就是考查逻辑思维能力。
1.…Theexam,whichwasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,waschangedtothelibraryatthelastminute.(广州二模)
2…ThenIwenttothedepartmentstore inwhich/whereIworkedpart-timeandboughtheranexpensivegiftboxofSichuanbeef.(广州一模)
3.Itwasapoemaboutme,whichincludedthetime…(深二模)
4.Atthesametime,therehadbeenagrowingnumberofoverseasstudentsthatcamebacktoChinaafterstudy.(茂名二模)
5.MoreandmoreChinesestudentsgoabroadforstudy,whichissupported支持bytheChinesegovernment.(茂名二模)
Keys:
1.which2.where3.which4.who5.which
四、连词(从属连词/并列连词)
A)引导各种从句的连词叫从属连词。
如名词性从句的引导词what,who,which,when,where,whatever,whoever,whichever,whether;副词从句引导词where,wherever,when,if,how,unless,until…
1.…Manythingsmustbeconsideredsuchaswhatthepersonisinterestedinandhowoldheis.(广州一模)
2.Myfaceturnedredonhearingwhatmymothersaid.(惠州一模)
3.shewouldpointoutwhattheyhadmasteredanddeclared宣布firmlytheycouldlearnwhattheyhadmissed.(深圳罗湖)
firm=company公司
4.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics(儿科)sayswhatchildrenreallyneedforhealthdevelopmentismoregood,old-fashionedplaytime.(四校联考)
beinneedof=need
5.IalmoststartedtoyellhisnamewhenIsuddenlyrememberedhewasinbedasleep.(深二模)
6.Unless除非childrenbelievetheycansucceed,theywillneverbecometotallyindependent独立的.
7.StatisticsshowthatsinceChinacarriedouttheopening-uppolicy,atotalofonemillionstudentshavegoneabroadforstudy.(茂名二模)
8.Ifwearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.(佛山一模)
9.Somepeople,however,maintainthatthisispreciselywherethedangerlies.
Keys:
1.what2.what3.what4.what5.when6.Unless7.since8.If9.where
B)并列句的各种关联词叫并列连词。
如and,but,or,though,although,so…挖掉关联词,要想补上连词,思路必须与作者思路相吻合。
1.…Ihadnoideahowtodoit.ItriedtostaypositiveandperseveredIfinallyfoundthesolution.(广州二模)
2.…IaskedmyclassmatesaboutherinterestImademyfinaldecision.(广州一模)
3.Tom,an8—year—oldboy,enteredahotelcoffeeshopsatatatable.(深一模)
4.Itisdifficultforparentsofnearlyeveryfamilytoteachtheirchildrentoberesponsibleforhousework,
withoneofthefollowingsuggestions,youreallycangetyourchildrentohelpathome.(深圳罗湖)
Keys:
1.until2.and3.and4.but
五、挖掉表示起承转合的副词或副词性短语
此功能于关联词相似。
只是这种副词(短语)在用法上更加灵活多变。
典型的有though,however,also,therefore,still,besides,inaddition,instead,or,otherwise,first,second,then,finally,inaword等等。
1.This,,didn’tbothermebecausemathshadalwaysbeenmystrongestsubject.(广州二模)
2.Don’talwaysscoldandgivelotsofpraise.(深圳罗湖)
Keys:
1.however2.instead
六、特殊句型(或固定短语)
考查对固定结构(短语)的熟悉掌握程度。
属于字词层面考查语法。
1.Itwasnotlongthewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetable.
2.…wasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG!
(广州一模)
3.SocarelesswasI_______Ihadforgottenallaboutthat.(深二模)
4.…"asamatterof_,youhavedonewellandmadegreatachievement…(惠州一模)
5.WhenCarettson,29,apassenger,wastryingtobringNicole'slife…(汕头二模)
6.Thechildwasstrickenaboutamileawaythehospital.(汕头二模)
Keys:
1.before2.It3.that4.fact5.back6.from
七、冠词
1.…ButmymoodquicklychangedwhenIsaw_____firstquestion.(广州二模)
2…ThenIwenttothedepartmentstore…andboughtherexpensivegiftboxofSichuanbeef..(广州一模)
3.Tom,8—year—oldboy,enteredahotelcoffeeshop.(深一模)
4.HetalkedabouthowIwrestledwithhimintheeveningsand_____goodmanyotherthings.(深二模)
5.Itoldthebusdriverthatmybabyhadjusthadheartoperationandthatshewashaving____heartfailure.(汕头二模)
6.Televisionisnotonlyaconvenientsourceofentertainment,butalso_____comparativelycheapone.(东莞一模)
Keys:
1.the2.an3.an4.a5.a6.a
八、词形变化或者词性变化.
给出单词的原形,通过句子分析,缺少什么成分,再用正确的单词形式补充完整。
这属于比较基础的单词拼写方面的能力要求。
1…MrChenhastaughtmeEnglishsinceJunior1,andtoshowmy(appreciate)Idecidedtogetherapresent. (广州一模)
2.…(fortunate),IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutestocompletetherest. (广州二模)
3.Somepeoplewerenowwaitingforherserviceandthewaitressgrewabit
(patience).(深一模)
4.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid(rude).(深一模)
5.Idon’tknowifheplacedthepoemnexttothefailinggradeto______(soft)theblow,butitwork.(深二模)
6.Imustknowhowtocareforothersandtrynotto(understand)them.(惠州一模)
7.youhavedonewellandmadegreatachievementinthe_(entertain)field.(惠一模)
8.Thesepeoplehavemadegreat(contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.(茂名二模)
9.…tocheckher(recent)inserted(插入)pacemaker.(汕头二模)
10.Thetornadoesdamagedseveral______(new)builtbuildings,…(梅州二模)
11.Numerousstudieshaveshownthatfreeplayisvery(benefit).Itcanhelpchildrenbecomecreative…(四校联考)
12theycanseeplays,films,operas,andshowsofeverykind,nottomentionthelatest_______(excite)footballmatch.(东莞一模)
Keys:
1.appreciation2.Fortunately3.impatient4.rudely5.soften6.misunderstand
7.entertainment8.contributions9.recently10.newly11.beneficial12.exciting
九、介词或数词
1.IwasalwaystoldthatthethreePs,…,wereasurepath___success.(广州二模)
2."Don'tbealwaysparticular_yourpresentworkandincome.(惠州一模)
3.ItbegantomakesensetomethatIcouldincludepraisealong______constructivecriticism.(深二模)
4.Heshowedthepublicalimitededitionfour-wheeldrivecar,whichisespeciallymade_______hispersonaltaste.(梅州一模)
5.Fivewereincriticalcondition______headtrauma(外伤,损伤),saidLizCrouch,thecenter'schiefoperatingofficer.(梅州二模)
6.Thereisnoeasywaytosuccesslanguagelearning.
7.Itwashis______(n
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