高考北师版英语一轮第1部分 必修5 Unit 13 People.docx
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高考北师版英语一轮第1部分 必修5 Unit 13 People.docx
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高考北师版英语一轮第1部分必修5Unit13People
Unit13 People
[单词 拼写应用]
核心单词
1.prayvt.&vi.祈祷,祷告
2.deservevt.应得,值得
3.accusevt.控告,谴责
4.desiren.渴望,欲望
5.assistantn.助手,助理
6.confirmv.证实
7.saltyadj.含盐的,咸的
8.shortcomingn.缺点,短处
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Afterpraying(pray),heimmediatelyjumpedintothesea.
2.Shehasmanyshortcomings(shortcoming),butwe'reallveryfondofher.
3.Whenasked,sheconfirmed(confirm)thatshewasgoingtoretire.
4.Thereisnothingmoreawfulthantobeaccused(accuse)oflying.
5.Thisbookdeserves(deserve)tobereadseveraltimes.
拓展单词
1.strongadj.强壮的→strengthn.长处,优势→strengthenv.增强
2.concentratevi.集中(思想、注意力等)→concentrationn.专心,专注
3.associatevt.联想,联系→associationn.联想;协会
4.expressvt.表达,表示n.快递→expressionn.表情;词语;感情
5.accurateadj.精确的,准确的→accuratelyadv.精确地,准确地→accuracyn.精确
6.describev.描写,描述→describern.描写者→descriptionn.描述,形容
7.predictvt.预言,预测→predictorn.预言家→predictionn.预测,预告
8.dependvi.依赖,依靠→independentadj.独立的→independencen.独立
9.reliefn.减轻,宽慰→relievev.使安慰,缓解
10.anxietyn.忧虑;担心→anxiousadj.忧虑的;焦急的→anxiouslyadv.忧虑地
11.devotevt.献身于→devotionn.奉献→devotedadj.献身的,忠诚的
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Thegirldescribedwhatshehadseenandheard,givingavividdescriptionoftheeventasifshehadattendeditherself.Soshewasagooddescriber.(describe)
2.Mybrotherstrengthenshimselfbytakingoutdoorexerciseeveryday;nowheissostrongthatIdarenotmeasurestrengthagainsthim.(strength)
3.Topredicttheweatheraccuratelyandgiveusmoreaccurateinformation,theobserverstrytheirbesttoguaranteetheaccuracyoftheirobservation.(accurate)
4.Accordingtothelatestsurvey,moreandmoregraduatesareanxiousabouttheirfuturejobs.Theincreasinganxietymayleadtodiseases.(anxious)
5.Theoldscientistisdevotedtostudyingspace,andthespiritofdevotiondeserveslearningfrom.Hesaidhewouldgoondevotinghimselftothesciencefield.(devote)
6.Somescientistsassociatesmokingwithcancer,becausesmokinghasacloseassociationwithlungcancer.(associate)
阅读词汇
1.facialadj.面部的
2.connectionn.联系;连接
3.academicadj.学术的
4.mistakenadj.错误的
5.possibilityn.可能性
6.disabilityn.残疾;无能力
7.conductorn.售票员;指挥
8.selfishadj.自私的
9.characteristicn.特点,特性
10.faultn.错误;缺点
11.brokenadj.断的,破的
12.sheltervi.躲避
13.sectionn.部分
14.guiltyadj.不安的;有罪的
15.blockn.大厦;街区
拓展联想
1.“词中词”帮你记
①serve→deserve值得
②ant→distant遥远的
③have→behave表现
④arm→harm伤害
⑤plain→explain解释
⑥star→starve挨饿
⑦end→tend趋向
2.不要“不安或烦恼”
①bother ②disturb ③trouble
④annoy ⑤irritate ⑥upset
3.“获得”动词集锦
①gain ②win ③acquire
④obtain ⑤earn ⑥get
4.由anxious联想
①angry愤怒的,气愤的
②eager急切的,渴望的
③depressed意志消沉的
④surprised惊讶的
⑤bored无聊的,烦人的
⑥ashamed羞愧的,惭愧的
[短语 多维应用]
高频短语
1.concentrateon集中于;专注于
2.talksb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事
3.ontheotherhand另一方面
4.intermsof就……而言;从某个角度上看
5.reactto对……做出反应
6.dealwith处理,对待
7.pickup捡起;接(人);(无意间)学会;好转
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空
Lastweek,I①pickedupmybrotherattheairport.Onthewayhome,he②concentratedonplayinggamesonthephone.NomatterwhatIsaid,hedidn't③reacttome.Ididn'tknowhowto④dealwiththesituation.
8.compareto和……比较起来
9.bewillingtodosth.愿意做某事
10.tobehonest说实话
11.comeupwith提出,想出
12.drawup起草
13.bepopularwith受……欢迎
14.can'thelpdoingsth.禁不住要做某事
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空
Theyoungman⑤cameupwithaplantocompletetheproject.⑥Tobehonest,allthemembers⑦werewillingtocompleteitonschedule.
拓展联想
1.“集中精力”短语大全
①concentrateon集中于
②focuson集中于
③belostin埋头于
④beburiedin专心于
⑤beabsorbedin全神贯注于
⑥fixone'smindon把注意力集中于
⑦bedevotedto专心于
2.“v.+sb.+of+sth.”短语大团圆
①accusesb.ofsth.控告某人某事
②curesb.ofsth.治疗某人某病
③remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事
④warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事
⑤suspectsb.ofsth.怀疑某人某事
⑥robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物
⑦informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事
3.“说服”短语清单
①talk/arguesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不做某事
②talk/arguesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事
③persuadesb.(not)todosth.说服某人(不)做某事
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.it作形式宾语
Ireallydislikeitwhenheeatsgarlicforlunch.
我可不喜欢他单独和我的女朋友在一起。
Idislikeitthatheshouldbealonewithmygirlfriend.
2.that'swhy...那就是……的原因
Perhapsthepostcodewaswrong,andthat'swhytheletterneverarrived.
他患了重感冒。
这就是他没来参加会议的原因。
Hehadabadcold.Thatiswhyhedidn'tcometothemeeting.
3.themore...,themore...
Iwasgettingmoreandmoreannoyedandofcourse,themoreupsetIgot,thelessIwasabletoconcentrate.
你愈小心,你犯错就会愈少。
Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.
精讲9个考纲词汇
1.concentratevi.集中(思想、注意力等)
(1)单句语法填空
①Previousgenerationsconcentratedongetting(get)childrentoschoolontime.
②Ifoundithardtokeepmyconcentration(concentrate)withsuchanoisegoingon.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
你必须集中注意力在你所学的东西上。
①Youmustconcentrateyourattentiononwhatyouarestudying.(concentrate)
②Youmustfix/focusyourattentiononwhatyouarestudying.(fix/focus)
③Youmustputyourheartintowhatyouarestudying.(putone'sheartinto)
先理解再牢记
(1)concentrateon(doing)sth.聚精会神于(做)某事
concentrateone'sattention/efforts/thoughtson/upon...集中某人注意力/努力/思想于……
(2)concentrationcamp集中营
[佳句背诵] (2017·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationstostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.
2.accusevt.控告;指控
(1)单句语法填空
①Theboymadetroubleforhisteacherbecausehewasaccusedofdestroyingproperty.
②Theneighbourwhowasoncechargedwithattemptedmurderaccusedmeofplaying(play)myradiotooloudly.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Jackwasaccusedofcheatingintheexamandhewasinlowspirits.
(高级表达)Accusedofcheatingintheexam,Jackwasinlowspirits.
先理解再牢记
(1)beaccusedof...被指控犯了……错/罪
(2)chargesb.withsth.控告某人某事
blamesb.forsth.因某事责备某人
scoldsb.forsth.为某事批评某人
[佳句背诵] Dootherpeopleaccuseyouofbeingselfcentered?
3.desiren.愿望,欲望,渴望v.渴望,期望
(1)单句语法填空
①Hedesiresmetogo(go)abroadforfurthereducation.
②Hismotherdesiredthathe(should)be(be)ateacher.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
大多数人都渴望成功。
①Mostpeopledesiretobesuccessful.(desirev.)
②Mostpeoplehaveastrongdesiretobesuccessful.(desiren.)
③Mostpeoplehaveastrongdesireforsuccess.(desiren.)
先理解再牢记
(1)adesireforsth.渴望得到某物
haveadesiretodo/that...有……的欲望/愿望
(2)desiretodosth.渴望做某事
desiresb.todosth.想让某人做某事
desirethatsb.(should+)动词原形 希望/要求某人做……
4.reliefn.宽慰,轻松;解脱;减轻,消除;缓和;救济品
(1)单句语法填空
①Weallsighedwithreliefwhentheplanfinallytoucheddownsafely.
②Muchtomyreliefthecarwasnotdamaged.
③Aporterrelievedherofthethreelargecases.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
令我非常欣慰的是,我儿子最终被一所重点大学录取。
Muchtomyrelief,mysonwaseventuallyadmittedtoakeyuniversity.(relief)
先理解再牢记
(1)withrelief宽慰地
givesb.somerelief减轻某人的痛苦
muchtoone'srelief令某人宽慰的是
(2)relievesb.ofsth.帮助……减轻……
[佳句背诵] (2017·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenstopjustinthemiddleoftheroad.
5.devotevt.献身,投入,专心,热爱
(1)单句语法填空
①Hedevotedallhistimetohisjob.
②Onlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofhelpingeachothercanwebedevotedtobuilding(build)aharmonioussociety.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Theyoungladyisdevotedtoteachingthedeafchildrenandhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.
①(高级表达)Devotingherselftoteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(现在分词短语作状语)
②(高级表达)Devotedtoteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(过去分词短语作状语)
先理解再牢记
(1)devote...to...献身于……;专心于……
bedevotedto献身于……,专心于……
(2)devotedadj.献身的;专心于……的;挚爱的,全心全意的
(3)devotionn.献身;奉献;专心
[佳句背诵] (2017·天津卷完形填空)IfeelthatI'vebeengivenasecondlifetodevotetosomethingthatismeaningfulandenormous.
6.accountvt.认为是,视为n.(银行)账户;账目;叙述;报道;解释,说明
(1)单句语法填空
①Howdoyouaccountformakingsomanymistakesinyourhomework?
②Onnoaccountshallyougotobedwiththegason.
③ThereareotherfactorsImusttakeintoaccountonmynewplan.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Thebadweatheraccountedforourdeparture.
(高级表达)Wedelayedourdepartureonaccountofthebadweather.
先理解再牢记
(1)accountfor说明(原因等);做出解释;占……(比例)
(2)onaccountof由于,因为
onanyaccount无论如何
onnoaccount绝不(置于句首时,句子部分倒装)
takeaccountof/take...intoaccount=take...intoconsideration考虑……
[联想发散] 表示“绝不”的短语:
innoway/case;atnotime;bynomeans;undernocircumstances;onnocondition。
7.deservevt.应得,应受;值得
(1)单句语法填空
①Inmyopinion,hersuggestiondeservesconsideration/tobeconsidered/considering,foritisverypractical.
②Theyhadsomeexcellentplayers,sotheycertainlydeservedtowin(win)thatmatch.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
那些违反规定的人应受惩罚。
①Thosewhobreaktherulesdeservetobepunished.
②Thosewhobreaktherulesdeservepunishing/punishment.(名词或动词ing形式)
先理解再牢记
deserve+n.值得……;应得……
deservetodo值得做……;应该做……
deservedoing/tobedone值得被做
deserveblame/punishment应受责备/惩罚
deservetobementioned值得一提
[名师点津] deserve不用于进行时态,且deservedoing=deservetobedone,此时动名词doing主动形式表示被动意义,该用法与need,want等用法相同。
8.judgevt.判断;评价;判决;评判n.裁判,法官
(1)单句语法填空
①Judging(judge)fromthebookIhaveread,Ithinkheisaverypromisingwriter.
②Teacherstendtobejudgedbytheirstudents'examgrades.
③Theaccidentwascausedbyanerrorofjudgement(judge)onthepartofthepilot.
(2)单句改错
Judgingasaresponsibleperson,Tomwaselectedasmonitoroftheclass.Judging→Judged
先理解再牢记
(1)judgesb./sth.(tobe)...认为某人(某事)是……
judge...by/from...根据……判断……
judgingby/from...依……来判断,是现在分词短语,通常在句中作独立状语。
(2)judgementn.判断力;评价
[名师点津] judgingfrom/by用于句首时,为独立成分,不受主语和时态的影响,只能用现在分词形式。
9.requirementn.需要,要求;规定
(1)单句语法填空
①Allpassengersarerequiredtoshow(show)theirtickets.
②Also,manyjobsandcareersrequirepeopletobeconnected(connect).
③Thebicycleyouboughtlastyearrequiresrepairing/toberepaired(repair).
(2)单句改错
Itisrequiredthateverystudentwearsuniformson
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