高中英语笔记必修三四五.docx
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高中英语笔记必修三四五.docx
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高中英语笔记必修三四五
高中英语笔记必修三、四、五
必修三
Unit1
1.starve[v.]
及物动词例:
Millionsofpeoplestarvedtodeathduringthewar.(饿死)
Starvefor=besrarvedof=longfor极度渴望
例:
Thehomelesschildrenwerestarvingfor/werestarvedofaffection.(无家可归的孩子都渴望得到疼爱)
不及物动词例:
I’mstarving.(仅用于进行时态)
2.dress[v.]穿戴作为及物动词时,不接表示衣服的名词,要接表示人的名词或代词,表示自己穿衣服的时候用反身代词例:
Wedressedthechildren.又:
Idressedmyself.
Bedressedin后接表示颜色或衣服的名词例:
Shewasdressedinred.
3.award.
[n.]表示奖赏或奖品,常与win/gain/receive搭配
[v.]表示颁发、授予、后接双宾语例:
TheschoolawardedMerryaprizeforhergoodwork.
4.the+形容词、the+过去分词表示一类人或一类事物,或表示抽象概念做主语时谓语动词用复数;若指抽象概念,做主语时谓语动词用单数
例:
Nowadays,theyoungarealwaysseekingthebeautiful,whichhasbeengoneforages.
(现今很多年轻人【一类人】总是寻找那些已经消失多年的美丽【抽象概念】)
5.doharmtosb/sth=dosb/sthharm对...有害dogoodtosb/sth=dosb/sthgood对...有利
donoharmtosb/sth对...无害
例:
Domoreharmthangood弊大于利Domoregoodthanharm利大于弊
6.leaddosth引导某人做某事lead(doing)sth导致某人做某事
例:
Theguideledusthroughtheforest.又:
Theteachersleadusinplantingtrees.
7.为某人提供某物的几种表达
offersthtosb=offersbsth
providesthforsb=providesbwithsth
supplysthtosb=supplysth
例:
WhenImeetdifficulty,myroommatewilloffermehelp
又:
Thegovernmentneedtoprovidetheseoldpeoplewithfoodandclothing.
又:
Electricityshouldbesuppliedenougheverymonth.
8.asif/asthough引导表语从句或方式状语从句,可用虚拟语气,也可用陈述语气
表示与事实有可能相反,用虚拟语气。
例:
Hebehavedasif/thoughnothinghadhappened.(状语)
Helooksasif/thoughhewereill.(表语)
规则:
与现在事实相反,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be动词用were)
与过去事实相反,从句谓语动词用过去完成式(如果从句有明显的过去时间,则用一般过去式)
与将来事实相反,从句谓语动词用过去将来式(would/might/could+动词原形)
陈述语气表示很有可能的事实
例:
Itlooksasif/thoughitisgoingtorain.又;Shespoketomeasif/thoughsheknewme.
9.inmemoryof=tothememoryof
例:
Hewrotethepoeminmemoryofhisfriend.
拓展:
inhonorof对...表示敬意inneed/wantof需要inchargeof掌管inpraiseof称赞
Insearchof寻找inhoprof希望inplaceof代替infavorof支持
Unit2Healthyeating
1.balance[n.]平衡[v.]使...保持平衡
keepone’sbalance保持平衡loseone’sbalance失去平衡beoutofbalance失去平衡(介词短语)
thebalanceofnature生态平衡
2.现在分词作状语表条件、伴随、时间、原因、结果等
例:
Walkinginthestreet,shemetheroldfriend.(时间)
Seeingnobodyathome,shedecidetoeatoutsides.(原因)
Thechildfell,strickinghisheadagainsttheground.(结果)
3.比较级的否定形式表示最高级
例:
Nothingcouldbebetter.又:
Ihavenerverseenabetterfilm.
Nobodylovedmoneybetterthanhedid.
watch/notice/hear/feel+sb+dosth.(全过程)
+doingsth.(一个动作)
例;Isawhimputeverythinginhisbagandgoout.
Isawhimputtingsomethinginhisbag.
1.be/gettiredof厌倦betiredout精疲力尽betiredfrom因...而疲倦
例:
IwastiredoutwhenIreachedthetopofthemoutain.又:
Iwastiredfromrunningfast.
2.seem的几种句式(意均为“好像”)
seem(tobe)+[n.]
seem(tobe)+adj/
seemtodo(不定式有时需用进行时或完成时)
seem+like+[n.]
Itseems/seemed+that从句
Thereseemstobe...
Itseemsasif/though...
例:
Marryseems(tobe)aclevergirl.Thechildrenseemstobeeatingsomething.
Itseemsthatnobodyknewwhathadhappened.Itseemslikeagoodidea.
Itseemsasif/thoughsomebodyiscallingyou.
3.比较下列句式
havesth
容许某人做某事,常用于情态动词的否定动词之后
例:
Ican’thavethemwastingtheirtimeinthisway.
让某人一直做某事例:
Mymotherhavemedoinghouseworkallday.
havesb/sthdo让某人/物做...(特指)
havesthdone
叫别人做某事(不定指)
使某事完成
遭遇某种不幸
havesthtodo有某事要做
例:
Ihavesomeclothestowash.(自己洗).Ihavesomeclotheswash.(叫别人洗)
4.glare,stare,gaze的区别
glare愤怒地看,怒视例;Theystoppedarguing,andglareateachother.
stare盯着、由于惊喜、害怕、生气、或沉思而睁大眼睛全神贯注地看。
例:
Itoldmysontostopstaringatthatwoman,itwasn’tpolite.
gaze凝视,指短时间的注意例:
Shegazedathiminamazement.
5.beforelong和longbefore的区别
beforelong不久以后,很快:
多与将来时或过去时连用例:
Beforelonghehadtomoveon.
Longbefore很久以前;跟完成时连用例;Hehadtakenadoctor’sdegreelongbefore.
Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote
1.permit[v.]允许,准许[n.]许可证
permitsbtodosth=permitsbdoingsth=sbbepermittedtodosth.允许某人做某事
使某事有可能例:
Ifmyhealthpermits,Iwillgowithyou.
2.spot[v.]找出、认出、发现(不用于进行时态)[n.]斑点、污点、红斑;地点
例:
Shespottedherfriendinthecrowed.又:
Thisisanicespotforahouse
拓展:
onthespot立刻、马上;现场的
3.Account[vi.]解释[vt.]认为accountant.会计
Onaccountof因为takeintoaccount考虑onnoaccount绝不
4.findoneself+介词短语/分词发觉
例:
Hefoundhimselfwalkinginthedirectionofthepark.
1.比较下列表示‘大量’的用法
many/agood(great)many/alargenumberof/largenumbersof/scoresof/dozensof等+复数名词
much/agood(great)dealof/alargeamountof等+不可数名词
amass(masses)of/alargequantityof/largequantitiesof/plentyof/lotsof/alotof/apile/pilesof既可接可数名词,又可接不可数名词
2.takechances/achance+onsth/ofdoingsth=take/run+arisk/risks+onsth/ofdoingsth冒险做某事
7.短语
belostinsth专注于某事belostinthought想得入神belosttosth不再受某事物影响,将某事置之度外
agreenhand新手givesbahand给某人帮助thewhite/bluecollor白领/蓝领
make/haveabet打赌win/loseabet赢/输掉打赌takeup/acceptabet接受打赌
Unit4
1.remain
连系动词仍然是;保持不变
可接名词作表语例:
Thelabourshortageremainsaprobleminsociety.
可接形容词作表语例:
Threeoutoffourofthemenpresentremainsingle.
接过去分词表被动例:
Infact,theworkremainedunfinished.
接现在分词作表语例:
Thestudentsremainlisteningtothemusic
接介词短语例:
PeopleinsomepartsofAfricanremainindeeppoverty.
剩余;遗留;继续存在例:
Verylittleofthehouseremainedafterthefire.
与There连用,意思是剩下的,余下的例:
Thereremainsonedifficulttaskforustofinish.
接被动结构的不定式(tobedone),意为“尚待”
例:
Itremainstobeseenwhetheryouareright.
remaining[adj.]剩下的例:
Theremainingtenbooksbelongtome.
remains[n.]剩余物例:
Lindadranktheremainsofhercoffee.
2.dependon的用法
dependon/upon+[n.]/whether+从句取决于
例:
Whetherwe’llgohometomorrowornotdependonwhetheritwillrainornot.
dependon/upondosth.指望某人做某事
例:
Youcan’tdependonhimtocomeontime.(=hiscomingontime)
dependonitthat...指望例:
Youmaydependonitthathewilljoinourclub.
It/That(all)depends.看情况而定
3.比较下列两种句型
Tobeginwith以...为起点;开始做...
tostartwith以...开始;从...着手;由...作为开头
例:
Knowledgebeginswithpractice.(认识从实践开始)
又:
AthousandLijourneystartswiththefirststep.
4.短语
inone’sturn轮到某人inturn依次,逐个byturn轮流地
ontime准时atatime每次attimes有时innotime马上atonetime曾经atthesametime同时
Intime及时;迟早;最后例:
Youwillsuccedintime.又:
She’llbebackintimetopreparedinner.
5.倍数的表示方法
A+谓语+倍数+asmuch/many/large/great/fast/far等+asB
A+谓语+倍数+[adj.]/[adv.]+than+B
A+谓语+倍数+the+[n.](size/height/weight/length...)+of+B
6.betodosth常用来表示不可避免将要发生的事,也表示按客观或受人指使去做某事:
而begoingtodo表示主观的打算,计划
例:
I’mtoplayfootballtomorrow.(被迫,不得不)
I’mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.(自愿)
7.现在分词作状语表示多种意义
例:
Playingcomputergamesallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.(条件)
Hermotherdied,leavingherwithheryoungbrother.(结果)
Walkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.(时间)
Notfeelingverywell,Tomwenttoseethedoctor.(原因)
Unit5
1.measure
[n.]测量,措施;(常用复数形式)例:
Itookthemeasureofthedesk
[v.]测量,衡量例:
Let’smeasuretheheightoftheceiling.
短语:
insome/ameasure在某种程度上bemeasuredinfeet用英尺量
Ingreat/largemeasure在很大程度上takemeasurestodosth采取措施做某事
2.across,through,along的区别
across表示从物体表面穿过:
through表示在空间里移动(内部);along沿着细长的路走过
例:
They’rebuildinganewbridgeacrosstheriver.又:
Ittookustwohourstowalkthroughtheforest.
Goalongthestreetandturnleftatthefirsttrafficlighe.
3.managetodosth=succeedindoingsth设法做成某事trytodosth尝试做某事(不一定成功)
例:
Hemanagedtobehereontime又:
Hesaidhetriedtobehereontime.
4.notuntil的用法
not...until直到...才;句子或主句谓语动词一般为非延续性动词或be动词
例:
Youneedn’tcomeuntilsix.又:
Don’tgetoffthebusuntilitstops.
until直到...为止句子或主句谓语动词一般为延续性动词。
例:
Goonuntilyoureachtheend.又:
Heworkeduntilhisbossbacked.
notuntil置于句首要用部分倒装例:
NotuntilIcamebackdidshegoaway.
5.短语
catchsightof=havesightof瞥见,发现losesightof忽略insight看得见,在眼前
Outofsight看不见,在视线之外atfirstsight看一次就...loseone’ssight失明
Outofsight,outofmind眼不见,心不烦(眼不见为净)
inthedistance在远处fromadiatance从远处atadistance隔开一段距离
Keepsbatadistance疏远、冷落某人keepone’sdistancefrom与...保持距离。
Withinwalkingdistance在步行可及之处
6.gifted[adj.]有天赋的,有才华的
必修四
Unit1Womenofachivement
1.condition[n.]条件
beingoodcondition状况良好/健康例:
Thecarisinverygoodcondition.
Beoutofcondition状况不好/身体欠佳onthis/thatcondition在这个/那个条件下
Onnocondition在任何状况下都不;绝不makeitaconditionthat...以...为条件
Onconditionthat...在...的条件下
例:
Herparentsallowedhertogobutmadeitaconditionthatshemustgethomebeforemidnight.
We’llletyouusetheroomonconditionthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy.
Youshouldonnoconditionvisitthatplace.
2.behave[v.]行为behaviour[n.]行为;举止;表现
不及物动词:
行为,举止例:
Theboybehavedbravely.
及物动词:
守规矩,举止适当而有礼貌(后常接反身代词)例:
Pleasebehaveyourself.
不可数名词例:
Hewasonhisbestbehaviourattheparty.
常用搭配behavehonourably行为正大光明behaverudely行为粗暴
Behave(well/badly)to/towardsb.对待某人好/坏例;Hebehavedbadlyto/towardthecustomers.
sb/sthdoingsth让某人/物做某事
例:
Theywentoffandleftmesittingthereallbymyself.
doingsth意味着meantodosth打算做某事
例:
Catchthefirstbusmeansgettingupearly.又:
Imeanttocallyou,butIwastoobusy.
[v.]警告
Warnsbagainstsb/doingsth.告诫,提防warnsbnottodosth警告某人不要做某事
Warnsbthat...警告某人...warnsbofsth.预先通知某人某事
例:
Thedoctorwarnedmenottodrink.又:
Thedoctorwarnedmeagainstdrinking.
.的句型
Beworth+[n.]值多少钱beworthdoingsth值得做某事beworthyof+[n.]配得上...或值得...
Beworthyofbeingdone=beworthytobedone值得被做It’sworthwhile(todo)/doingsth值得做...
例:
Thebookisworthreading.=Thebookiswarthyofbeingread.=Thebookisworthytoberead.
=It’sworthwhilereading/toreadthebook.这本书值得一读。
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