高职高专应用英语专业大二上学期期末考试综合英语复习.docx
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高职高专应用英语专业大二上学期期末考试综合英语复习.docx
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高职高专应用英语专业大二上学期期末考试综合英语复习
Unit1
一,
Etiquetteisasetofpracticesandformswhicharefollowedinawidevarietyofsituationsbytreatingothersasrespectfullyasyouknowandbyusingcommonsense,youwillavoidmostblunders/hazardousetiquetterelatedsituations.
Characterisreflectedbythewayyoupresentyourself.Businessareoftenprejudicedduetothebehaviorinabusinessmeeting.Youshouldkeep/maintainyourrapportbyavoidingthebusinessetiquetteblunders.
Businessetiquetteisessentialwhenbuildingrelationshipswithcolleagues,customer.Itisthesepeoplewhomayinfluenceyoursuccessorfailure.Etiquette,especiallybusinessetiquette,isameansofmaximizingyourbusinesspotentialbypresenting/sharingyourselffavorably.
二,
Automatedvoicemessaginghaseliminatedtheneedforphonereceptionistsinmanycompanies.Everyonecomplainsaboutautomatedansweringmachinesbutbynowmostpeoplearefamiliarwiththemandshrugofftheimpersonality.
Bettertostickacustomerwithautomatedmessagingthanpunishhimwithadiscourteouslivereceptionist.Nobodylikestodealwithendlessmenuinstructionsbutit'smostlylargecompaniesthathavethecomplexsystems.Smallercompaniescangetbywithsimplermenuoption,oneshouldalwaysbe,"presszerotospeakwithaliveoperation.
Unit2
一,
Nowadays,newequipmentnewproductdevelopmentsandexpandedresearchhavebroughtaboutanentirelynewpointineconomicdevelopment.Thereisnolongeramarketwaitingtoconsumeeverythingthefactoriesturnout.Itisveryevidentthatbusinessmanwillhavetosellandpromoteaggressinginordertodevelopandexpandthemarketsnecessarytoconsumeallthethingthefactoriesproduce.Itmeansthatbusinessmanhavetodeterminebeforehandwhat,howmuch,atwhatpriceandunderwhatcircumstancestheultimateconsumerwillpurchase.Accordingly,variousmarketingstrategieshavebeendevelopedunderlying,.Allstrategiesis"themarketingconcept".Wemustproducewhatpeoplewant,notwhatwewanttoproduce.Thismeansthatweputthecustomerfirst.Wemustfindoutwhatthecustomerwantsandsupplyexactlywhatthecustomerwant.
二,
Theuseoftheinternethasbecomeoneofthemaintoolsthatcanbeappliedtoabusinessmarketingstrategy.Anorganizationswebsitehasofferedanunrivalledopportunitytomeasurevariousaspectsofitsmarketingeffectivenesssincecustomerbehaviorscouldbemonitoredandrespondedtoaccordingly.TheInternetcanbeusedasadistributionchannel,allowingdirectsalestocustomers.Thesupplychainisshortenedasfirmsconductdirecttransactionsbetweensuppliersandtheenduserswithouttheinvolvementofintermediaries.Todates,hi-techcompanyhavebecomethereadersindirectinternetsales,suchasDellcomputers,whohavesoldandmarketedtheproductsfromtheirwebsite.Asoneoftheleadingmakersofdesktopandlaptopcomputers,theirbusinesswasfoundedonthebasisofdirectmarketingtechniques.ThetransactiontointernetbasedmarketingwassmoothforDell.AttheDellwebsite,customerscanenterandlearnabouttheexactspecificationsforanewcomputer,andDellwillsshipittothemwithinfivedays.ThesalesofDell'scomputerscontinuetogrowannually.
Unit3
Wehavebiggerhouses,butsmallerfamilies;moreconveniences,butlesstime;wehavemoreknowledge,butlessjudgment;moreexports,butmoreproblems;moremedicine,butlesswellness.
Wehavetallerbuildings,butshortertempers;widerfreeways,butnarrowerviewpoints;wespendmore,buthaveless;webuymore,butenjoyitless.
Wehavebeenallthewaytothemoonandback,butheavetroublecrossingthestreettomeetthenewneighbour.
二thecharmofHangzhou
Hangzhou,anancientcityrenownedforitspicturesquescenery,issituatedinthenorthernpartofZheJiangprovince,alongthenorthernbankofQiantangRiverandatthesouthernterminusoftheGrandCannel.AfterwindingthroughhighmountainridgesofthewesternpartofZhejiangQiantangRiverbecomeswiderwithmajesticscenery.Especiallytidalbore,whichisamostspectacularnaturalphenomenon.
Lyingonthewesternpartofthecity,thecharmingWestLakecoversatotalareaof5.6squarekm.DividedthesucausewayandtheBaicausewaythewholeLakefallsintofivesections:
OuterLake、InnerLake、YueLake、WestInnerLakeandMinorSouthLake.Withglisterningwaterandluxirianttreesandbamboogrovesalongitsbank,theWestLakehasattractivelandscapealltheyearroundSuDongpo.AcelebratedpoetoftheNorthernSongDynasty(960-1127AD),onceinapoemcomparedtheLaketoanancientchinesebeautynamedXizi.HencecomesthenameXiziLake.SincethentheWestLakehasenjoyedamuchhigherreputationbothathomeandaroundtheworld
Unit4
InJapanandChina,gift-givingisanintegralpartofbusinessprotocol,however,intheUSorUK,ithasnegativeconnotations.Whenaregiftsexchanged?
shouldonegiveexpensivegifts?
Aretheyalwaysreciprocated?
Shouldtheybewrapped?
Aretherenumbersorcolorsthatshouldbeavoided?
Alltheaboveinonewayoranotherwillinfluencecross-culturalnegotiationandcanonlybelearntthroughcross-culturaltraining.doingorsayingthewrongthingatthewrongtime,poorcommunicationandcross-culturalmisunderstandingscanallhavenegativeconsequences.Cross-culturalnegotiationtrainingbuildsitsfoundationsuponunderstandingetiquetteandapprovalstobusinessabroadbeforefocusingoncross-culturaldifferencesinnegotiationstylesandtechniques.
Unit5
Indevelopingcountry,girlsareoftenshort-changedwhenitcomestoeducationsindevelopingcountry.Two-thirdsofilliterateadults(文盲)arewomen.Insomecountries,traditionalbeliefcauseparentstokeeptheirdaughtersfromattendingschoolorfocusonboyseducationmorethangirls.
Manygroupsarestartingtorespondtohishugelackofeducation,however,theworldbankhasalreadygivenover$33billionstoeducationrelentedprojects.Theunitednationscallsforcountriestoachieveuniversalprimaryeducationfortheirchildrenandalsogirlstobeanequalopportunityineducation.Indevelopingcountriescanoffergoodqualityeducationtokidstheresultswillbetremendous,literaryhelpscommunicationandreasoningskillsinchildrenandmostimportanteducationcanhelpchildrenfromdeprivedfamiliesbreakoutofpoverty.Foreveryyearofschoolingchildrenhavetheirsalaryasanadultwillincreasebyanaverageof10%whethertheyareagirloraboy.
Unit6
Paraphrase
1.Bowingtopressureihavethereforecompiled...
Ifinallyagreeandhavemadealistof...
2...andiwouldliketostressthatsuchexamplesof'culture
Iwouldliketolayemphasisonthefactthatishowtheseexamplesofunsuccessculturecommunicationinbusiness...
3.Muchworkwasleftunfinisheduntilthemanagerrelented...
Muchworkwasleftunfinisheduntilthemanagerchangeattitudeandbecamelessstrict
4.TheJapaneseconsideredthisadaninvasionofprivacy,...
TheJapanesethoughttheadforsoapshoweddetailsaboutpeople'sprivateaffairsinawaythatisupsettingandoftenillegal
5.LeonaHelmsleyshouldhavedoneherhomeworkbeforesheapprovedapromotion...
Beforeapprovingapromotion...LeonaHellmsleytookitforgrantedthattheTajMahalinIndiawasainsteadofHelmslayPalaceHotel
6.Itseemedflawedfromthestart.
TheplanforjointventureinNewGuineawasdefectivefromthestart.
7...Whenitdiscoveredthedomesticmarketwassaturated.
...Whenitdiscoveredthequantityofproductsprovidedindomesticmarketwasclosetooratitsmaximum
8.MyeyedoctorishighlyregardedbutIcan'tsaythesameforhisreceptionist.
Myeyedoctorhasaverygoodreputation,butIdon'tthinkhisreceptionsisgoodenough.
9....thefirsttimeevenbeforeIhadachancetoidentifymyself.
..thefirsttimeevenbeforeIhadtimetotellherwhoIwas.
10.ThereIstewedforperhaps20seconds,thoughitalwaysfeelslike20minutes.
Iwaitedfor20secondsupsetandangry,thoughitseemedasifhithasbeen20minutesinstead.
11....therearetechniquesforhandlingmultipleincomingcallthatdon'ttrythepatienceofacaller.
...therearetechniquesthatcanhandleanumberofincomingcallswithoutsgettingacallerannoyedorworried.
12.Becausethevastmajorityconstructionfirmsaresmallandmoretradethanbusiness-oriented,...
Becausethevastmajorityofconstructionfirmsaresmallandfocusmoreontheircraftorskillsthanbusinessexpansionordevelopment.
13.IcouldnothelpbutexaminemyconsciencebeforeherandIaskedwhatIwouldsayifIwasinherplace.
Ifiwereher,whatcouldiseewheniwasdying.Iwasastonishedbywhatshesaidandcan'thelping.
14.Wemaybedoingsocialworkintheeyesofthepeople,butwearereallycontemplatives沉思的、冥想的intheheartoftheworld,forwearetouchingthebodyofChristtwenty-fourhours.
Ratherthanbeingseenassocialworkersbythepublic,werepresentedlifelineoftheworldbecausewearetouchbythepresentofChrist.
15.Butapersonwhoisshutout,whofeelsunwanted,unloved,terrified,thepersonwhohasbeenthrownoutfromsociety_thatpovertyissofullofhurtandsounbearable.
Butalifeofanoutcast流浪汉、无家可归的人livinginpovertythatisfeelspain,feelsunloveandloneliness,canonlybedescribedasunbearable.
16....iusedtoapproachdesignfromanengineering,functionalperspective.
InthepastI'dputengineering,functionintheproductdesign.
17...youhavetotakepeopleintoaccount.
Youhavetoconsiderconsumersindesignofproduct.
18.Andyhadjustreturned...drinkinginpartsofEurope,NorthAfrica,EastAsia,NewZealand...
Andyhadjustreturnedafterhadbein
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