宾语从句与感叹句.docx
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宾语从句与感叹句.docx
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宾语从句与感叹句
一、感叹句
1.感叹句通常有what,how引导,表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。
what修饰名词,how修饰形容词,副词或动词,
2.感叹句结构主要有以下几种:
How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语How+形容词+a+名词+主语+谓语
What+a/an+形容词+名词单数+主语+谓语What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语
What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语
Whataninterestingstoryitis!
Whatfineweatheritis!
Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!
【说明】在感叹句中,Whata/an常用来修饰单数可数名词,若其前面的形容词为元音开头,则用an。
what是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。
但有些不可数名词,如rain,surprise,breakfast,lunch等,当前面有形容词修饰,使抽象名词具体化时,则要用whata/an,如:
Whataheavyrainitis!
Whatagreatsurpriseitis!
Whatarichbreakfastitis!
3.感叹句的省略
常常省略的是充当主语的人称代词和动词be。
Whatanaughtyboy(heis)!
4.陈述句变感叹句:
陈述句变为感叹句,可遵循“一断、二加、三换位、四改号”的原则。
一断:
将原来的陈述句断成两部分,在谓语动词后断开。
二加:
加适当的感叹词,断开的后半部分的中心词如果是名词,则要加what;如果是形容词或副词,则要加how。
如有very,too,quite等词应去掉。
三换位:
把改变后第一、二部分前后调整位置。
注意句中有关单词的大小写。
四改号:
把原来的句号改为感叹号。
Heisagoodstudent.------Heis/agoodstudent.------Heis(what)agoodstudent.-----Whatagoodstudentheis.------Whatagoodstudentheis!
Sheworksveryhard.----Sheworks/veryhard.----Sheworks(how)hard.----Howhardsheworks.
------Howhardsheworks!
xx:
用what,whata/an,how填空:
1.____niceskirtitis!
2.____interestingthefilmis!
3.____beautifultheparkare!
4.____deliciousfooditis!
5.____carelessthemanis!
6.____wonderfulideas!
7.____lovelythebabyis!
8.____coldweatheritis!
9.____cleverboy(heis)!
10.____interestingfilmthisis!
把下列句子改为感叹句:
1.Howlazytheboyis!
2.Whatanexcitingmovieitis!
11.Look!
____fasttheboyisrunning!
12.____colddayitwasyesterday!
13.____heavytheboxis!
Ican’tcarryit.
14.____interestingstoryhetoldus!
15.____nicethemooncakesare!
16.____badweather!
17.____cleverchildrenallofyouare!
18.____importantnewsthatis!
19.____timeflies!
20.____beautifulflowersyouboughtme!
3.Whatdeliciousapplestheyare!
4.Howpurethewateris!
5.Whatacarefulwomansheis!
6.Theyarerunningfast.
7.Hersisterisaverylovelygirl.
选择题:
1._______finetheweatheris!
a.Whatab.Whatc.Howd.Howa
2.___foodyou’vecooked!
a.Howaniceb.Whatanicec.Howniced.Whatnice
3._______greatfuntheyhad!
a.Whatab.Whatc.Howd.Howa
4.______heavyrainitwas!
a.Whatab.Whatc.Howd.Howa
5.______funplacetogoShanghaiis!
a.Whatab.Whatc.Howd.Howa
6._____happylifetheoldlive!
a.Whatab.Whatc.Howd.Howa
7.______nicefishtheycooked!
a.Whatab.Whatc.Howd.Howa
8.______bluetheskyis!
a.Whatab.Whatc.Howd.Howa
9.___usefulworkyoudid!
a.Whatb.Howc.Whatad.Howa
10._____timeyouhad!
a.Whatgoodb.Howgoodc.Whatagoodd.Howagoodtime
11.___excitingmomentitis!
a.Whatb.Howc.Whatad.Whatan
12.___niceshoes!
a.Whatb.Howc.Whatad.Howa
13.___shesings!
a.Howwellb.Howgoodc.Whatwelld.Whatgood
14.___fasttheboysarerunning!
a.Whatb.Howc.Whatad.Howa
15.___theschoolis!
a.Whatbigc.Howbigc.Whatabigd.Howabig
二、宾语从句
1、概念:
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类:
动词的宾语从句;介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
宾语从句中要用陈述句的语序。
2、宾语从句的连接词
1)从属连词主要有:
that;if;whether。
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,that没有词汇意义,在从句中不充当任何句子成分,常省略;if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句。
Hetoldthathewouldgotothecollegethenextyear.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.2)连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等,在从句中可充当主语、宾语等。
连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
Idon’tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.我不知道你该依靠谁.
ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsknow.
3)连接副词主要有when,where,why,how等,在从句中充当状语。
Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.Couldyoupleasetellmehowyougettothenewhotel?
Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.
宾语从句的引导词的选择坚持两个原则:
看这个引导词的具体词汇意义;
看这个引导词是否在从句中充当句子成分。
3、动词的宾语从句
1)大多数动词都可以带宾语从句。
2.)部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句。
Ihavefoundoutthatalltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.
Canyouworkouthowmuchwewillspendduringthetrip?
3)动词短语也可以带宾语从句
makesure确保makeupone’smind下决心keepinmind牢记
Makesurethattherearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin.
4、介词的宾语从句
Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.
ThenewbookisabouthowShenzhou6mannedspaceshipwassentupintospace.
5、形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:
sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised.
IamsureIwillpasstheexam.IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.
HeisgladthatLiMingwenttoseehimwhenhewasill.
6、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别
①介词后一般不用if
②whether后可以加ornot,但是if不可以.
③在不定式前只能用whether。
如:
Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下。
7、宾语从句的时态
1)当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
2)当主句为过去时的时候,从句的时态也要用过去的某种时态。
如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化。
Theteachersaidthatthemoongoesaroundtheearthyesterday.
当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问,且句中含有doyouthink/believe等时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首。
Whodoyouthinkthepublicmightchooseastheirfavoritesingerthisyear?
A.if;Whether
B.whether;Whether
C.if;That
D.if;If
2.Idon'tknow_____thedayaftertomorrow.
3.Couldyoutellme_____theradiowithoutanyhelp?
A.howdidhemend
B.whatdidhemend
C.howhemended
D.whathemended
4.Iwanttoknow_____.
A.whomisshelookingafter
B.whomsheislooking
C.whomisshelooking
D.whomsheislookingafter
5.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow_____.
A.whatistheirstockingsin
B.whatisintheirstockings
C.whereistheirstockingsin
D.whatintheirstockings
10.Ican'tunderstand_____.
A.whatdoesChristmasmean
B.whatChristmasdoesmean
C.whatmeanChristmasdoes
D.whatChristmasmeans
11.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey______dictationtoday.
A.had
B.has
C.willhave
D.are
12.Ihardlyunderstand._____hehastoldme.
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.who
13.Theydon'tknow_____theirparentsare.
A.that
B.what
C.why
D.which
14.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper___WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.
A.that
B.how
C.what
D.if
A.why
B.when
C.how
D.where
16.—Weneverknow___theoldmanis.—Theysayheisateacher.(鄂州市)
A.what
B.who
C.which
D.where
A.thathow
B.howthat
C.whenthat
D.thatwhen
18.Heaskedme__Iwassuremymother__.
A./;bought
B.has;bought
C.did;buy
D.does;buy
20.—WhereisJack?
—Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He'sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI'mnotsure___.
A.that
B.which
C.where
D.there
21.Theteachertoldthechildrenthatthesun____round.
A.was
B.is
C.were
D.are
22.Ibelievethatourteam____thebasketballmatch.
A.win
B.won
C.willwin
D.wins
23.Idon’tknow____tovisittheoldman.
A.whether
B.if
C.that
D.who
24.__Tomdidn’tgotoschool?
A.Doyouknowhow
B.Whydoyouknow
C.Howyouknowwhy
D.Doyouknowwhy
25.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?
Couldyoutellus?
(改写句子)
Couldyoutellus_____Mr.Brown_____livinginChina?
26.Whendoesthetrainleave?
Iwanttoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)
Iwanttoknow_____thetrain_____.
LiLeiwantstoknow_____Peter_____hereyesterday.
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- 关 键 词:
- 宾语 从句 感叹句