外刊经贸知识选读试题真题答案.docx
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外刊经贸知识选读试题真题答案.docx
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外刊经贸知识选读试题真题答案
课程代码:
00096
请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上
一、Chooseoneanswerthatbestexplainstheunderlinedpartofthefollowingsentences.(本大题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在答题纸相应的位置上。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.Owingtothefinancialcrisis,economicproblemswereexacerbatedallovertheworld.
A.deteriorated B.improved
C.enlarged D.transformed
2.Theauthoritiesarewillingtopermitarun-downinthecountry’sinternationalreservesoverthenextfewyears.
A.runaway B.reduction
C.enhancement D.downward
3.Figuresshowthatthebulkofourforeignobligationsconsistofnon-banktrade-relatedcredits.
A.investments B.profits
C.revenues D.debts
4.Foreigninvestorswanttoenjoythesametaxstatusasthedomesticones.
A.treatment B.decline
C.support D.objection
5.MorethanadecadeoffastgrowthmakesChinatosupplantJapanasWest’smaintradeworryinAsia.
A.exceed B.replace
C.agreeD.defeat
6.Manygovernmentshavepromisedtotakemeasurestohelptheunemployed.
A.action B.size
C.degree D.care
7.DiscriminationagainstgoodsfromforeigncountriesisprohibitedbyWTO.
A.equality B.fairness
C.differenttreatment D.strictpolicy
8.America’sembraceofthefree-tradeagreementsbalancedallthecriticismfromthedevelopingcountries.
A.suggestion B.insistence
C.oppositionD.acceptance
9.Becauseofthemutualbenefitsnoonewouldtakeabreachofthoselawlightly.
A.offence B.obedience
C.strike D.rest
10.EconomistsreckonJapanesebilateraltradesurpluswithAmericaisalsogrowingrapidly.
A.recognize B.calculate
C.predict D.suggest
11.Korea’sambitiousplansincludeawholesalerevampingofthecountry’sbasicindustries.
A.reconstructing B.retracting
C.releasing D.reverting
12.Eventhewellestablishedconsultantsarefindingithardtosecuredefinitivelucrativeprojects.
A.profitable B.reasonable
C.safe D.risky
13.Japanesemanagersactmorelikewesternmanagers,puttingprofitsbeforetheirfirm’smarketshare.
A.opportunity B.prospect
C.protectionD.part
14.IntheU.S.softdrinkindustryisdominatedbyCoca-ColaandPepsiCo.
A.competedB.balanced
C.madeD.controlled
15.Investmentfundshavemovedoutofcommoditiesandintoliquidassets.
A.intheformofwater B.moving
C.easilychangedintocash D.clear
二、PutthefollowingphrasesintoEnglish.(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
请将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置上。
16.最惠国待遇
17.企业家精神
18.人均收入
19.贸易制裁
20.资本市场
21.(企业等的)总部
22.有价证券
23.批发商
24.市场力量
25.新兴工业
三、PutthefollowingphrasesintoChinese.(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
请将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置上。
26.coupon
27.fiscalpackages
28.visibletrade
29.GrossDomesticProduct
30.tradebalance
31.countervailingduty
32.consumergoods
33.exportquotasystem
34.convertiblecurrency
35.futures
四、ReadthefollowingpassagesandanswerthequestionsinEnglish.(本大题共6小题,每小题3分,共18分)
请将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置上。
Passage1
AmericawantsJapantomeetimporttargetsforsomeAmericangoods.AnunwillingJapanhasdecidedtodrawtheline.
ItisthepersistentsurplusthathasprovokedangerinWashington——andMrClinton’sremarkthat“thepossibilityofobtainingreal,evenaccesstotheJapanesemarketissomewhatremote”.Thisyearthesurplushasbeengrowingfast.AJapaneseeconomistestimatesthatJapan’ssurpluscouldreach$200billioniftheyenstaysatcurrentlevel.Withtheeconomystillbarelygrowing,despitetwofiscalpackagesinthepastninemonths,Japan’scriticssaythatthecountryisoncemoreexportingitswayoutofrecession.
MITIarguesapersistentsurplusisinevitableaslongasJapanesehouseholdssavemorethanAmericanones,andAmerica’sbudgetdeficitremainsuntamed.Thisisafamiliarpoint:
tradebalancesaredeterminedbymacroeconomicfactors,notbytradepolicy.
36.What’sthemeaningof“drawtheline”here?
37.What’sthemeaningof“exportingitswayoutofrecession”?
38.Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentence?
Passage2
ThesleeperamongtheproductsturnsouttobeCherryCoke,whichcontainsnofruitjuiceatall.CherryCokehascapturedsharesof4%to8%intestmarket.Thedrinkprobablywon’tdoaswellwhenitisrolledoutnationally,sincepricepromotionshavebeenhelpingitalong.ButbeverageanalystsbelieveCherryCokecouldeventuallydisplaceDrPepperasthenation’sfifth-best-sellingsoftdrink.
Evenifconsumersswillthenewsodasbytheliterintestmarket,however,Coca-ColaandPepsiCostillfaceastruggleinpersuadingbottlersacrossthenationtotaketheproducts.Oneofthebiggestbattlesinthesodawars,infact,maynotbefordrinkersbutforbottlers.Bottlershaveasymbioticbutoccasionallyfractiousrelationshipwiththesyrupmakers.AlthoughCoca-ColaandPepsiCoownsomeoftheirownbottlingcompanies,mostbottlersarestillindependent.
39.What’syourunderstandingof“pricepromotions”here?
40.What’sthe“symbiotic”aspectoftherelationshipbetweenthebottlersandthesyrupmakers?
41.What’sthe“occasionallyfractious”aspect?
五、Readthefollowingpassagesanddecidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalse.(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
请将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置上。
Passage1
Culturedifferencesaresometimesignoredinmarketingcampaigns.Cultureawarenessinmarketingisalotmorethancarefultranslationofyourproducts.Therearesubtletiesandnuances(细微差别)toeveryculture.Almostmostpeoplewouldn’tbeabletolisttherulesoftheirownculture,theycertainlyknowwhenhoserulesareviolated.
InJapan,forexample,amajorhouseholdproductscompanyspentmanymillionsofdollarsonamarketingcampaigninadvanceofintroducingitslaundrydetergent(清洁剂).Nevertheless,whenthedetergentwasmadeavailable,saleswereminiscule.Infact,fewshopsstockedthesoap.Non-tarifftradebarriers?
No,itwassomethingmuchsimpler.ThetypicallyAmerican“large,economy-sized”boxeswerefartoobigforthetinyJapaneseretailestablishments.AndJapanesehousewivesdon’tusuallyhavecars——theywalktothestoresandcarrytheirpurchasehome,toverysmalllivingspaces.
ItcanbeabigmistaketoassumeaPan-Asiamarket(泛亚市场)ora“LatinAmerican”or“European”buyer.Neighboringcultureselsewheredon’tnecessarilysharebuyingpreferencesanymorethanaUSbuyerdoeswithaMexicoconsumer.Furthermore,nationalbordersdon’talwaysdelineate(描绘)buyingbehavior;regionalpatternscanbejustasstrong.
42.Advertisingandcouponsareexamplesofmarketingcampaigns.
43.ThedetergentwaspopularinJapan.
44.Japaneseconsumersusuallylikelargeboxesbecausetheyarelowerinprices.
45.AUSbuyerhasthesamebuyingbehaviorasaMexicoconsumer.
46.Perhapsbuyingpreferencesarequitedifferentamongnationalborders.
Passage2
Startingfromthemid-1990s,theinternationalfinancialcrisishashitalmostthewholeworld.Theglobalfinancialsystemisbreakingapartanditishurtlingevermorenationaleconomiesintheabyss(深渊)withit.Inordertoearnforeignexchange,theeconomiesareforcedtodumptherestoftheirproductionontotheshrinkingworldmarketatbargain-basementprices.Thatiswhytheaveragepricesofrawmaterialsarecurrentlyattheirlowestlevelsincethemid-1970s.Butitwasnotonlythepricesforrawmaterialsthatcollapsed;collapsingpricesandreduceddemandhasalsohittradeinautomobiles,ships,chemicalproducts,andcomputerchips.NowitishittingthecoreoftheWesternindustrialcountries,whichareheavilyexport-dependent.
LookingatworldeconomicdevelopmentsfromthewestEuropeanpointofview,thegalewarningsareup.EastAsia,whichhadaccountedformorethanhalfoftheadditionalworldwidedemandforindustrialgoodsofallkindssincethebeginningof1990s,haslargelydroppedawayasanimporter.
Thesupposedlandofeconomicmiraclesofthepastyear,theUnitedStates,whichincreaseditsimportsfromGermanyin1997by30%,isfinallyshowingthetracesoftheglobaleconomiccollapse.OnNov.8,1998,representativesoftheUSgovernmentthreatentheEuropeanUnionwithtradewar.Theywarnedthata“protectionistfire”wouldtakeholdintheUnitedStatesiftheEuropeanwerenotwillingtomassivelyreducetheirtradesurplus.USrepresentativeshadmadesimilarthreatsagainstJapanoneyearbefore.Thebackdropofthesethreatsis,ofcourse,theexplosivegrowthoftheUSbalanceofpaymentsdeficit.
47.“bargain-basementprices”meanshighprices.
48.EconomyoftheWesternindustrialcountrieshighlydependedontheirexport.
49.EastAsiacountrieskeptonimportingmoreundertheinternationalfinancialcrisis.
50.TheUSeconomywasnotinfluencedbythefinancialcrisis.
51.ThetradewaragainstJapanhadsuccessfullydecreasedtheUS’stradedeficit
六、TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.(本大题共12分)
请将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置上。
52.Tomanydevelopingcountries,thetrendisdeeplyworryingaswellasbewildering——thetermsoftradinghaveworseneddramaticallyforthem.Fortheindustrializedworld,bycontrast,thedropincommoditypriceshasbeenarealbooninthefightagainstinflation.Theexplanationforthegeneralweaknessincommoditypricesiscomplex,andthefactorsinplaywillobviouslyvarygreatlyfromonecommoditytoanother.Forexample,whilefallingoilpricesoughttoprovideafilliptowesterneconomicgrowth——andtherefore,indirectly,todemandforothercommodities——theyareboundtohaveother,perhapslessdesirable,spin-offs.
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