雅思阅读 TFNG.docx
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雅思阅读 TFNG.docx
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雅思阅读TFNG
LectureNine
True/False/NotGiven题
解题方法:
1.浏览该题型大题数量及每大题中小题数量
3—10题
2.读题目,翻译,找出题中两点
第一点:
定位词
*特殊词:
数字时间百分比
*表示职业属性身份的名词
第二点:
关键字
名词/形容词
3.用定位词回文章中定位
牢记法则:
一段0-3个题目按顺序
每题对应一或两句话,最多一段话
4.读清楚文中语句,翻译,比照关键字
若是同义词关系,答案选True
若是反义词关系,答案选False
若暂时无法判断,则暂定为NotGiven
5.判断答案,一般一道题目要经过两次判断才能决定答案;若两次判断后仍然无法决定的,则应该先完成下一题。
示范练习:
Para1Theneedforasatisfactoryeducationismoreimportantthaneverbefore.Nowadays,withoutaqualificationfromareputableschooloruniversity,theoddsoflandingthatplumjobadvertisedinthepaperareconsiderablyshortened.Moreover,one'spresentlevelofeducationcouldfallwellshortoffuturecareerrequirements.
Para2Itisnosecretthatcompetitionisthedrivingforcebehindtheneedtoobtainincreasinglyhigherqualifications.Inthemajorityofcases,theurgetoupgradeisnolongertheresultofaninsatiablethirstforknowledge.Thepressureiscomingfromwithintheworkplacetocompetewithevermorequalifiedjobapplicants,andinmanyoccupationsonemustnowbattlewithcolleaguesinthereshuffleforthepositiononealreadyholds.
Para3Strivingtobecomebettereducatedishardlyanewconcept.Wealthyparentshavealwaysbeenwillingtospendthevastamountsofextramoneynecessarytosendtheirchildrentoschoolswithaperceivededucationaledge.Workingadultshavelongattendednightschoolsandrefreshercourses.Competitionforemploymenthasbeenaroundsincethecurseofworkingforalivingbegan.Isthepresentsituationsoverydifferenttothatofthepast?
Para4Thedifferencenowisthatthepushisuniversalandfromwithoutaswellaswithin.Astudentatsecondaryschoolreceivinglowgradesisnolongeraseasilyacceptedbyhisorherpeersaswasoncethecase.Similarly,intheworkplace,unlessemployeesareengagedinpart-timestudy,theymaybefrowneduponbytheiremployersandpeersandhavedifficultyevenstandingstill.Infact,inthesecases,theexpectationisforcareerstogobackwardsandearningcapacitytotakeanappreciablenosedive.
Para5Atfirstglance,thesituationwouldseemtobelaudable;apositiveresponsetotheexhortationbyaformerPrimeMinister,BobHawke,forAustraliatobecomethe`clevercountry'.Yetthereareseriousramificationsaccordingtoatleastoneeducationalpsychologist.DrBrendanGatsbyhascausedsomecontroversyinacademiccirclesbysuggestingthatabiastowardswhatheterms‘paper’excellencemightcausemoreproblemsthanitissupposedtosolve.Gatsbyraisesanumberofissuesthataffecttheindividualaswellassocietyingeneral.
Para6Firstly,hebelievestheextraworkloadinvolvedisresultinginabnormallyhighstresslevelsinbothstudentsatsecondaryschoolandadultsstudyingafterworkinghours.Secondly,skillswhichmightbemorerelevanttotheundertakingofasought-afterjobarebeingoverlookedbyemployersinterviewingcandidateswithoutqualificationsonpaper.Thesetwoareasofconcernfortheindividualarecausingphysicalandemotionalstressrespectively.
Para7Gatsbyalsoarguesthatthereareattitudinalchangeswithinsocietytotheexaltedroleeducationnowplaysindetermininghowthespoilsofworkinglifearedistributed.Individualsofallagesarebeingdrivenbysocialpressurestoachieveacademicsuccesssolelyformonetaryconsiderationsinsteadofforthejoyofenlightenment.Thereisthedangerthatsomeuniversitiesarebecomingdegreefactorieswithanattendantdropinstandards.Furthermore,oureducationsystemmayberewardingdoggednessabovecreativity;theverythingAustralianshavebeenencouragedtoavoid.Butthemostundesirableeffectofthisacademicpaperchase,Gatsbysays,isthedisadvantagethat‘userpays’highereducationconfersonthepoor,whoinvariablyloseouttothemorefinanciallyfavoured.
Para8Naturally,althoughthereisagreementthatlearningcancausestress,Gatsby'scommentsregardinguniversitystandardshavebeenroundlycriticisedasalarmistbymosteducationistswhopointoutthat,byanystandardofmeasurement,Australia'seducationsystemoverall,atbothsecondaryandtertiarylevels,isequaltothatofanyintheworld.
TRUE/FALSE/NOT/GIVEN
a.ItisimpossiblethesedaystogetagoodjobwithoutaqualificationTFNG
fromarespectedinstitution.
b.MostpeoplewhoupgradetheirqualificationsdosoforthejoyTFNG
oflearning.
c.Insomejobs,thepositionyouholdmustbereappliedfor.TFNG
d.Someparentsspendextraontheirchildren'seducationbecauseTFNG
oftheprestigeattachedtocertainschools.
e.Accordingtothetext,studentswhoperformedbadlyatschoolTFNG
usedtobeacceptedbytheirclassmates.
f.EmployeeswhodonotundertakeextrastudymayfindtheirTFNG
salarydecreasedbyemployers.
g.AustraliansappeartohaverespondedtothecallbyaformerTFNG
PrimeMinistertobecomebetterqualified.
h.Australia'seducationsystemisequaltoanyintheworldintheopinionofmosteducationists.TFNG
何为TRUE:
1.同义词直接替换:
题目:
Insomejobs,thepositionyouholdmustbereappliedfor.
文章:
Thepressureiscomingfromwithintheworkplacetocompetewithevermorequalifiedjobapplicants,andinmanyoccupationsonemustnowbattlewithcolleaguesinthereshuffleforthepositiononealreadyholds.
Reapply=reshuffle
2.文中打比方,题中直接说
rootcause根本原因fundamentalreason
题目:
AustraliansappeartohaverespondedtothecallbyaformerPrimeMinistertobecomebetterqualified.
文中:
Atfirstglance,thesituationwouldseemtobelaudable;apositiveresponsetotheexhortationbyaformerPrimeMinister,BobHawke,forAustraliatobecomethe`clevercountry'.
3.文中举例子,题中推结论
题中:
Accordingtothetext,studentswhoperformedbadlyatschoolusedtobeacceptedbytheirclassmates.
文章:
Astudentatsecondaryschoolreceivinglowgradesisnolongeraseasilyacceptedbyhisorherpeersaswasoncethecase.
Cam4t2p2第19题
题目:
Inthepast,Australianshadahigheropinionofdoctorsthantheydotoday.
文中:
‘Abettereducatedandlessacceptingpublichasbecomedisillusionedwiththeexpertsingeneral,andincreasinglyscepticalaboutscienceandempiricallybasedknowledge,’theysaid.‘Thehighstandingofprofessionals,includingdoctors,hasbeenerodedasaconsequence.’
何为FALSE:
1.反义词直接抵触:
题目:
Sydneyisaquietandgracefulcity.
文中:
SetamidstthegracefulsplendourofSydneyHarbour,presidinglikeaqueenoverthebustleandbrashnessofamoderncitystrivingtoforgeafinancialreputationinatoughcommercialworld,itisaremindertoallAustraliansoftheirdeepandabidingloveofallthingscultural.
2.文中打比方,题中直接说
题目:
Mostpeoplewhoupgradetheirqualificationsdosoforthejoyoflearning.
文中:
Inthemajorityofcases,theurgetoupgradeisnolongertheresultofaninsatiablethirstforknowledge.
3.文中举例子,题中推知相反结论
题目:
Itisimpossiblethesedaystogetagoodjobwithoutaqualificationfromarespectedinstitution.
文中:
Nowadays,withoutaqualificationfromareputableschooloruniversity,theoddsoflandingthatplumjobadvertisedinthepaperareconsiderablyshortened.
技巧型解题方法
题目出现下列词,一定选对应答案
答案
金词
False
Impossible/immediate
Only/single
Invariably
Already
Fact
Ignore
Best
True
Possible
Probable
Seemto/appearto
Notalways
Notall
Notnecessarily
补充练习:
剑桥雅思题八T1P2
AIRTRAFFICCONTROLINTHEUSA
AAnaccidentthatoccurredintheskiesovertheGrandCanyonin1956resultedintheestablishmentoftheFederalAviationAdministration(FAA)toregulateandoverseetheoperationofaircraftintheskiesovertheUnitedStates,whichwerebecomingquitecongested.TheresultingstructureofairtrafficcontrolhasgreatlyincreasedthesafetyofflightintheUnitedStates,andsimilarairtrafficcontrolproceduresarealsoinplaceovermuchoftherestoftheworld.
BRudimentaryairtrafficcontrol(ATC)existedwellbeforetheGrandCanyondisaster.Asearlyasthe1920s,theearliestairtrafficcontrollersmanuallyguidedaircraftinthevicinityoftheairports,usinglightsandflags,whilebeaconsandflashinglightswereplacedalongcross-countryroutestoestablishtheearliestairways.However,thispurelyvisualsystemwasuselessinbadweather,and,bythe1930s,radiocommunicationwascomingintouseforATC.Thefirstregiontohavesomethingapproximatingtoday'sATCwasNewYorkCity,withothermajormetropolitanareasfollowingsoonafter.
CInthe1940s,ATCcentrescouldanddidtakeadvantageofthenewlydevelopedradarandimprovedradiocommunicationbroughtaboutbytheSecondWorldWar,butthesystemremainedrudimentary.ItwasonlyafterthecreationoftheFAAthatfull-scaleregulationofAmerica'sairspacetookplace,andthiswasfortuitous,fortheadventofthejetenginesuddenlyresultedinalargenumberofveryfastplanes,reducingpilots'marginoferrorandpracticallydemandingsomesetofrulestokeepeveryonewellseparatedandoperatingsafelyintheair.
DManypeoplethinkthatATCconsistsofarowofcontrollerssittinginfrontoftheirradarscreensatthenation'sairports,tellingarrivinganddepartingtrafficwhattodo.Thisisaveryincompletepartofthepicture.TheFAArealisedthattheairspaceovertheUnitedStateswouldatanytimehavemanydifferentkindsofplanes,flyingformanydifferentpurposes,inavarietyofweatherconditions,andthesamekindofstructurewasneededtoaccommodateallofthem.
ETomeetthischallenge,thefollowingelementswereputintoeffect.First,ATCextendsovervirtuallytheentireUnitedStates.Ingeneral,from365mabovethegroundandhigher,theentirecountryisblanketedbycontrolledairspace.Incertainareas,
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