Unit 13 Human Virtues.docx
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Unit 13 Human Virtues.docx
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Unit13HumanVirtues
Unit13HumanVirtues
PartA
ListeningStrategy
IdentifyingtheTopic
Tofindoutthetopicofapassage,weneedtopayspecialattentiontothreethings:
1)toitsfirstsentencebecausethefirstsentenceisoftenthetopicsentence;2)tosentencesnearitsendsincetheconcludingsentencesusuallygiveasummaryofthemajorpointsofapassage;3)tothewordsandexpressionsthatappearrepeatedlyinthepassage.Allthesegiveuscluesastowhatthetopicofthatpassageis.
Nowyouaregoingtohearthreeshortpassages.Chooseanappropriatetopicfromthefollowingboxtomatcheachofthepassages.
Topics
a.Differentkindsofvirtues
b.Somepeopleneedmorehelpthanchildrendo
c.Thevirtueofself-control
d.Wisdom,themostimportantvirtue
e.Self-controlandcaring
f.Teachingchildrentoofferhelptoothers
1.(f)2.(e)3.(d)
Script:
1.Althoughchildrenhavelittleornomoneyoftheirown,theycertainlyhavethecapacitytobe“givers”.Aschildrenoftenneedsomuchhelp—evenwitheverydaythings,theymightthinkthattheyaretheonlyoneswhoshouldbehelped.Butyoucanletthemknowthateveryoneinthisworldneedssomekindofhelp,andthatsomepeopleneedmorehelpthanothers.
Encouragingchildrentobehelpfulisoneofthebestwaystohelpthemdevelopacharitableattitude,andthat’sanattitudethathopefullywillgrowallthroughtheirlives.
2.Whatisself-control?
Self-controlislisteningtoyourfriendtalkwhenyouwanthimtolistentoyou.
Beingquietinthelibrarytakesself-control,especiallywhenafriendcomesinandyouwanttocalltohim.
Whatiscaring?
Whenyouhelpaturtlecrossapathintheparksohewillbesafe—that’scaring.Whenyouleaveflowerstobloomsootherscanenjoythemtoo—that’scaring.
3.Platothoughttherearefourvirtues:
1)wisdom,2)courage,3)temperance,orself-control,and4)justice.Themostimportantoftheseiswisdom,whichisknowledgeofwhatistrulygood.Peoplewhohavewisdomand,asaresult,knowwhatistrulygood,willtendtodowhatisright.Thesepeoplewillactintheirowninterestandbeinharmonywiththemselves.Thisharmonyisthebasisofalljustice.Peoplewhoarejust,inPlato’sview,willtendtohaveothervirtuesaswell.
PartB
Pre-listeningTask
QuestionsforDiscussion
Youaregoingtotalkabouthumanvirtues.Readthefollowingquestionsanddiscussthemwithyourpartner.
1.Canyounamesomegoodqualitiesthathumanbeingspossess?
2.Whatkindsofvirtuesarerecognizedbyoursociety?
3.Whichismoreimportant,beautyorvirtue?
Why?
4.Whatkindofvirtuedoyouvaluemost?
Why?
5.Whatdoyouthinkistheworstkindofhumanvice,greed,envy,orcruelty?
Why?
Demo:
1.Canyounamesomegoodqualitiesthathumanbeingspossess?
Ithinktherearemanydifferentanswerstothisquestion.Wehumanbeingspossessgoodqualitiessuchashonesty,kindness,modesty,optimism,faithfulness,dependability,andhelpfulness,etc.Becauseoftheculturaldifferences,differentnationsaroundtheworldmayhavetheirownstandardsofgoodqualities.Forexample,womeninArabiccountriesareexpectedtobehumbleandreservedwhilethewomenintheU.S.areencouragedtobeoutgoingandindependent.
4.Whatkindofvirtuedoyouvaluemost?
Why?
Inmyopinion,honestyisaqualitywhichisveryrareamonghumanbeings.ThereisanEnglishsayingthatgoes,“Honestyisthebestpolicy.”Honestymaycausepainfulfeelingssometimesbutitwillgoalongway.Whenpeopleknowyouareanhonestperson,theywilltrustyouinthelongruneventhoughtheymightfeelhurtbyyourhonestyatcertaintimes.Ontheotherhand,ifyoutrytotellalieforabenefit,youmightbesuccessfulforashortperiodoftime.However,onelieveryoftenleadstoanother.Beforelongyouwouldbefoundoutandloseyourcredibility.Thenyouwouldbeinasituationwherenoonewouldtrustyouevenifyouaretellingthetruth.
LanguageFocus
Herearesomesentencesandstructuresthatyoumightfindusefulindiscussingthequestions.
●Therearemanygoodqualities,orvirtues,inhumanbeings.
●Everysocietyrecognizes/accepts/promotescertainvirtuesinitsmembers.
●Honesty,loyalty,truthfulness,courage,perseverance,friendliness,kindness,generosity,selflessness,sympathy,charity,thriftiness,forgiveness,patienceandcooperation—allthesegoodqualitiesareexamplesofhumanvirtues.
●Ivaluehonesty/courage/cooperationmost.
●Tobehonestistobetruthful/totellnolies/tobetrustworthy.
●Courageenablespeopletofacechallenges,setbacks,frustrationsanddangersfearlessly.
●Theabilitytocooperatewithothersisessentialingettingthingsdone/forasuccessfulcareer.
●Thespiritofforgivenessisneededforcountries/enemiestosolveconflicts.
●Asthesayinggoes,virtueisfarfairerthanbeauty/beautywithoutvirtueisaflowerwithoutperfume,forbeautyisbutskindeepbutvirtuenevergrowsold.
●Patienceandperseveranceareneededineverykindofhumanactivity/willenableustogetwhateverwewant.
●Greed/Cruelty/Envy/Vanity/Untruthfulness/Corruption/Unkindnessistheworstkindofhumanvice.
●Sympathyforthesuffering/theneedy/theweak/thosewhosuffer/thosewhoareinneed/thosewhoareweakmakesuscaringpersons/shouldbecultivatedfromchildhood.
ListeningTasks
ProfessorSabbatucci’sNobleAct
WordBank
noblea.worthy高尚的
scenen.aplacewhereaneventoractionhappens(事件)发生地点,现场
tracev.tofindbysearchingcarefullyandmethodically(根据踪迹)仔细寻找
motoristn.apersonwhodrivesacar驾车者
liren.pluralforlira,theunitofItaliancurrencybefore2002里拉(原意大利货币单位lira的复数形式)
consciencen.senseofrightandwrong良心;道德心
anonymityn.thestateofnotrevealingone’sname无名,匿名
guaranteev.topromise;toassure许诺;保证
handovertogive(sth.tosb.esp.afterbeingaskedortoldtodoso)交出
trick...into...todeceive...into...骗……做……
turnouttoprovetobethecase原来(是)
burstintotearstostartcryingsuddenly突然哭起来
VinicioSabbatucci(人名)
Script:
Athiefwhodroppedawinninglotteryticketatthesceneofhiscrimehasbeengivenalessoninhonesty.Hisvictim,whopickeduptheticket,managedtotracehim,andhandedoverthecash.
TherobberyhappenedlastSaturdaywhenmathsprofessorVinicioSabbatucci,58,waschangingatireonanItalianmotorway.Anothermotorist,whostoppedto“help”,stoleasuitcasefromhiscaranddroveoff.
TheprofessorfoundthedroppedticketandputitinhispocketbeforedrivingtohishomeineasternItaly.Nextday,hesawthelotteryresultsonTVand,unfoldingtheticket,realizeditwasawinner.Heclaimedthe60millionlireprize.
Thenbeganabattlewithhisconscience.Eventually,hedecidedhecouldnotkeepthemoneydespitethefactthathehadbeenrobbed.
Headvertisedinnewspapersandonradio,saying:
“I’mtryingtofindthemanwhorobbedme.Ihave60millionlireforhim—alotterywin.Pleasemeetme.Anonymityguaranteed.”
ProfessorSabbatuccireceivedhundredsofcallsfrompeople.Allofthemtriedtotrickhimintogivingthemthecash.Buttherewasonevoiceherecognized—andhearrangedtomeetthemaninapark.
Therobberturnedouttobea35-year-oldunemployedfatheroftwochildren.Hegavebackthesuitcaseandburstintotears.Hecouldnotbelievewhatwashappening.“Whydidn’tyoukeepthemoney?
”heasked.Theprofessorreplied:
“Icouldn’tbecauseit’snotmine.”
Thenhewalkedoff,ignoringthethief’sofferofareward.
LanguageandCultureNotes
1.Backgroundinformation
Allsocietiesandreligionshavetheirownmoralprinciples.Butcertainqualitiesareacceptedasvirtuesaroundtheglobe.Amongthesearehonesty,truthfulness,courage,sympathy,justice,perseverance,etc.Similarlycertainweaknessessuchasgreed,deceit,envy,cruelty,vanity,etc.arecondemnedbymankindingeneralasvices.Itiscommonbeliefthatvirtuewilltriumphovervice.
2.60millionlire
Thisequals27,760U.S.dollars.
3.Thenbeganabattlewithhisconscience.
Totheprofessor,thetemptationofthelargesumofmoneywasgreat,butitwouldbeagainsthisconsciencetotakeit.So,whethertoyieldtothetemptationormaintainhisintegrityasanhonestmanwasapainfulstrugglefortheprofessor.
4.Anonymityguaranteed.
Theprofessorpromisedthathewouldnotrevealthenameofthethieftothepublic.
5.Therobberturnedouttobe...
Itwasdiscoveredthattherobberwas...
Exercise1
Listentotherecordingandchoosetherightanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.
1.Whenthemathsprofessorwasdrivinghome,_______________.
a.hiscarbrokedown
b.hiscarwasstoppedbyarobber
c.hiscarcollidedwithanotherone
d.hiscarlostatire
2.Onedriverpassingbystoppedand________________.
a.offeredhislotterytickettotheprofessor
b.gavehimsomeadviceandthendroveoff
c.pretendedtoofferhelp
d.changedatireforhim
3.Whentheprofessorrealizedthatthelotteryticketwasawinner,________.
a.hedecidedtoreturnittoitsownerimmediately
b.hedecidedtokeepit
c.hewasbesidehimselfwithjoy
d.hehadapainfulstruggledecidingwhethertokeepitorreturnit
4.Thelessonofthestoryisthat_________________.
a.wemustnottakewhatisnotours
b.wemustneveracceptathief’sreward
c.wemustbebraveenoughtoadmitourmistakes
d.wemustnotbetakeninbythosewhopretendtohelp
5.Thetopicofthestoryis_____________________.
a.thestrugglebetweengoodandevil
b.honesty
c.educationandvirtue
d.crimeandpunishment
E
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