高一英语上册阅读指导1.docx
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高一英语上册阅读指导1.docx
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高一英语上册阅读指导1
高一英语阅读指导(II)通用版
【本讲主要内容】
阅读指导(II)
【知识总结归纳】
主要题型归纳:
1.考察细节理解题:
对所读阅读材料中的细节问题的考察是考试中的常见题型。
在记叙文中,一般都是针对某个情节的一些细节进行提问,而对于议论文和说明文而言,往往用一些细节,如事例,数字等来说明主题或支持作者的观点。
这类题型的问题通常以what,when,where,who,which,why,how等来提问。
比较简单的题目会在选项中以与原文基本相同的句子出现,而有的题目会换一个说法,这就要求同学们不仅要读懂文章中的细节,也要读懂选项。
有时一个题目也可能涉及到多个文章细节,细节之间又互相交织在一起,需要辨别。
解题方法:
(1)认真阅读题干,仔细查找文章中对应的细节
(2)把握文章的主题,弄清主题与细节,细节与细节的关系。
Example:
Pointandclick,pointandclick.ThisisthehourafterIfinishmyhomework.
AsIwritethatlastchemistryanswer,mymindwanderswhatawaitsmeintheworldoftheWeb.SoonIwillbetalkingtofriendsthroughimmediatemessages,readingnewmailinmyinboxandcheckingoutteensitesfortheautumnfashion.Manyteensspendhourson-line.It’safunnynewwayofcommunicationandexploration.
AsIpointandclickaway,Ifeellikeadetective.
IfIhaveaquestiononrelationshipsorotherproblems,IlooktothemillionsofteensontheWebforadvice.Manysitesofferarticleswrittenbyteens,andreadingmessageboardsisalsoveryhelpfulwhenlookingforadvice.Forhomework,theon-lineencyclopediasneverstoptoprovidejusttheinformationIamlookingfor.
Anotherimportantpartofmylifeon-lineiscommunication.Althoughe-mailandimmediatemessageswillneverreplacetraditionalmailandthetelephone,IdodependheavilyontheWebforimmediatecommunication.
IlovethatbecauseIcangoon-lineandtalktomyfriendinIrelandjustaseasilyasIcantalktomyfriendsinthenexttown.Ane-mailtomygrandmothertellsherhowmuchIcareinamatterofseconds,andprivatechatroomsevenprovideagreatdiscussionforlate-nightstudygroups.
Communicationisabasicpartofeverybody’slife,andtheWebisatooltomakecommunicationeasier.
Withaclickofmymouse,theanswerstomyquestionsarejustsecondsaway.TheWebhelpsmefindgreatsummerjobinformation,thehottestnewmovieandeventhemostpopularplacestohangoutinmyarea.
Whowouldeverhavethoughtthattheworldwouldbeatourfingertips?
TheservicestheInternetprovidesareendless.ItcanmeettheneedsofastudentinAlaskajustthesameasitmeetstheneedsofabusinessmaninJapan.
IlovetheInternet,andIguessIamjustagirlinapointandclickworld.
1.WhendoesthewritergoontheInternet?
A.Beforeshedoesherhomework.
B.Aftershefinisheschemistryhomework.
C.Whenshewantstocommunicatewithherfriends.
D.Assoonassheisreadytofindinformation.
2.ThewriterdoesthefollowingwiththeInternetexcept_______.
A.findinginformationforclothesB.meetingafriendintheforeigncountry
C.mailingalettertohergrandmotherD.askingforadviceonjobs
3.ThewritersaystheInternetisvery______.
A.usefulandeasyB.fastandhandy
C.directandlovableD.basicandendless
答案:
1.D 2.B 3.B
2.主旨大意题
这类题型用来考察学生对文章主题或中心的把握和理解,也就是考察学生概括和归纳文章中心的能力。
主要有以下几种问题的方式:
Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?
Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?
Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?
解题方法:
(1)找主题句,有些文章有主题句,如果在阅读的过程中,同学们能准确的找到主题句,有助于正确的找到答案。
主题句通常会出现在文章的开头,结尾或中间部分。
(2)掌握文章每段的段意,文章的发展线索,段落与段落之间的关系,有助于文章中心的归纳。
(3)注意抓关键句,关键词,对文章中的个别难句,如果不影响文章的整体理解,可以跳过去。
Example:
Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpartindangeroussportsandactivities.Ofcourse,therehavealwaysbeenpeoplewhohavelookedforadventure---thosewhohaveclimbedthehighestmountains,exploredunknownpartsoftheworldorsailedinsmallboatsacrossthegreatestoceans.Now,however,therearepeoplewhoseekanimmediatethrillfromariskyactivitywhichmayonlylastafewminutesorevenseconds.
Iwouldconsiderbungeejumpingtobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity.Youjumpfromahighplace(perhapsabridgeorahot-airballoon)200metersabovethegroundwithanelasticropetiedtoyourankles.Youfallatupto150kilometers.Estimatedthat2millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping.Otheractivitieswhichmostpeoplewouldsayareasriskyasbungeejumpinginvolvejumpingfromtallbuildingsanddivingintotheseafromthetopofhighcliffs.
Whydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasthese?
Somepsychologistssuggestthatitisbecauselifeinamodernsocietyhasbecomesafeandboring.Notverylongagopeople’sliveswereconstantlyunderthreat.Theyhadtogooutandhuntforfood,diseasescouldnoteasilybecured,andlifewasacontinuousbattleforsurvival.
Nowadays,accordingtomanypeople,lifeofferslittleexcitement.Theyliveandworkincomparativelysafeenvironments;theybuyfoodinshops;andtherearedoctorsandhospitalstolookafterthemiftheybecomeill.Theanswerforsomeofthesepeopleistoseekdangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping.
1.Asuitabletitleforthetextis_______.
A.DangerousSports:
WhatandWhyB.TheBoredomofModernLife
C.BungeeJumping:
IsItReallyDangerous?
D.TheNeedforExcitement
2.Moreandmorepeopletodayare______.
A.tryingactivitiessuchasbungeejumping
B.climbingthehighestmountains
C.comingclosetodeathinsports
D.lookingforadventuressuchasexploringunknownplaces
3.Peopleprobablytakepartindangeroussportsnowadaysbecause_____.
A.theyhavealotoffreetimeB.theycangotohospitaliftheyareinjured
C.theirliveslackexcitementD.theynolongerneedtohuntforfood
答案:
1.A2.A3.C
3.词意理解题:
对词义的理解往往决定对一篇文章的理解,所以这是阅读理解的重要组成部分。
它经常以问某个词在文章中的意思而出现,或者通过判断选项的正确性考察学生对词义的理解。
解题方法:
(1)从文章的上下文中去找答案,可能在某句话中就有对它的解释,或者是近义词,反义词等线索。
(2)依据构词法来猜测词义,
(3)根据上下文从句子的意思来猜测词义。
Example:
1.Inthe19thcenturythousandsofIndianswerecruellydrivenfromtheirwongoodlandandtakentoreservations.Oftenthesereservationswerehundredsofmilesawayfromtheirrealhome.TodayalargenumberofNorthAmericanIndiansstillliveonreservations.
(1)Theword“reservations”inthepassageisprobably_____.
A.apieceoflandsetapartfortheblackpeopletoliveon
B.apieceoflandsetapartfortheNorthAmericanIndianstoliveon
C.aplaceforthepeoplewhobreakthelawtolivein
D.aplacefortouristsfromallovertheworldtolivein
答案:
B
2.Thevolcanoisoneofthemostsurprisingfrighteningforcesofnature.Maybeyouhaveseenpicturesofthese“fireworks”ofnature.Sometimeswhenavolcanoerupts,averylargewallofmeltedrockmovesdownthesideofamountain.Itlookslikea“ariveroffire.”
(1)Theunderlinedword“erupts”means______.
A.movesdownB.breaksaway
C.buildsupD.suddenlythrowsoutlava
答案:
D
【高考点拨】
Aroundtheworldyoungpeoplearespendingunbelievablesumsofmoneytolistentorockmusic.ForbesMagazinereportsthatatleastfiftyrockstarshaveincomesbetweentwomillionsdollarsperyears.
“Itdoesn’tmakesense.”SaysJohnnyMathis,oneoftheoldermusicmillionaires,whomadeamilliondollarsayearwhenhewaspopular,in1950s.“Performersaren’tworththiskindofmoney.Infact,nobodyis.”
Buttherockstars’admiresseemstodisagree.Thosewholoverockmusicspendabouttwobilliondollarsayearfrorecords.Theypay150milliontoseerockstarsinperson.
Luckisakeywordforexplainingthesuccessofmany.In1972oneoftheluckiestwasKonMclean,whowroteandsang“AmericanPie”.Mcleanwriteshisownmusic,soheearnsanadditionaltwocentsoneverysinglerecordofthesong.
NeilYoungwhoperformsintornbluejeans,sometimessingstoanaudienceof10,000,eachofwhomhaspaidfivedollarsforaticket.Afterpayingexpenses,Youngleaveswithabout$18,000inhisbluejeansattheendofanevening.
Howdotherockstarsusetheirmoney?
Whatdotheydowhenthemoneystartspouringinlikewater?
Mostoftheyoungstarssimplyshowthemoneyaround.England’sEltonJohngavesomeonea38,000RollsRoycecarandboughthimself5,000pairsofeyeglasses,thenlightedupandspeltE-L-T-O-N.
ManyrockstarslivelikeGraceSlickandJeffersonAirplane.Thoseperformersreturnfromatour,paytheirbills,andbuynewtoys.Thenwhentheyneedmoneyagain,theydoanothertour.Theysavenomoneyandlivefromhandtomouth.
Intheendtherockstars’lifeisunrewarding.Aftertwoorthreeyearsrichesandfamearegone.Leftwithhismemoriesandhistaxproblems,thelonelyex-performerspendshisremainingyearstryingtoattractstrangers.Newstarshavearrivedtotakehisplace.
1.Thispassageismainlyabout___________.
A.thesuccessofarockstar
B.Thewayrockstarslive
C.Richrockstars
D.Theadmirersofrockstars
2.Whatmakesmostoftherockstarssuccessfulinmakingmoney?
A.LuckB.Awonderfulperformance
C.TheirownmusicD.Ability
3.HowmuchexpensedoesNeilYoungpayforaperformance?
A.$10,000B.$18,000
C.$32,000D.$38,000
4.Accordingtothepassage,theunderlinedphrase“fromhandtomouth”means
A.theyhavetoearnmoneybyhand
B.theyknowhowtospendmoneyinareasonableway
C.theyearnmoneyonlyfortheirimmediateenjoyment
D.theystealtofeedtheirmouthwhentheyneedmoney
5.Afterbeingrichandfamousforseveralyears,rockstars__________.
A.canonlygiveperformancestostrangers
B.onlyremembertheirgoodolddays
C.arestillpopularamongyoungpeople
D.arereplacedbynewonesandforgotten
答案:
1.B2.A3.A4.C5.D
【实战模拟】
Foralongtimebeinghappywasconsideredsomethingthatjusthappened,andtherewasnothingspecialtodoaboutit.Nowweknowthatgettingalongwithourselvesandwithotherpeopleissomethingthatwecanworkat.Itispossibletoactinsuchawaythatotherpeoplewilllikeusb
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