高考英语阅读理解抓分训练66及答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解抓分训练66及答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解抓分训练66及答案
2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练(66)及答案
阅读理解
Hanswasanhonestfellowwithafunnyroundgood-humoredface.Livingalone,everydayheworkedinhisgarden.Inallthecountrysidetherewasnogardensolovelyashis.Allsortsofflowersgrewthere,bloomingintheirproperorderasthemonthswentby,oneflowertakinganotherflower’splace,sothattherewerealwaysbeautifulthingstosee,andpleasantodorstosmell.
Hanshadmanyfriends,themostdevotedbeingtheMiller.SodevotedwastherichMillertoHansthathe’dnevergobyhisgardenwithoutpluckingalargebunchofflowersorahandfulofsweetherbs,orfillinghispocketswithfruits.TheMillerusedtotalkaboutnobleideas,andHansnoddedandsmiled,feelingproudofhavingsuchafriend.
TheneighborsthoughtitstrangethattherichMillernevergaveHansanythinginreturn,thoughhehadhundredsofsacksofflour,manycowsandsheep,butHansnevertroubledhisheadaboutthese,andnothinggavehimgreaterpleasurethantolistentoallthewonderfulthingsabouttheunselfishnessoftruefriendship.
Inspring,summer,andautumnHanswasveryhappy,butwhenwintercame,andhehadnofruitorflowerstosell,hesufferedfromcoldandhunger.Thoughextremelylonely,theMillernevercametoseehimthen.
“There’snogoodingoingtoseeHanswhilethesnowlasts.”TheMillersaidtohiswife,“Whenpeopleareintroubletheyshouldn’tbebothered.SoI’llwaittillthespringcomeswhenhe’shappytogivemeflowers.”
“You’recertainlyverythoughtful,”answeredhiswife,“It’squiteatreattohearyoutalkaboutfriendship.”
“Couldn’tweaskHansuphere?
”saidtheirson.“I’llgivehimhalfmymeal,andshowhimmywhiterabbits.”
“Howsillyyouare!
”criedtheMiller.“Ireallydon’tknowwhat’stheuseofsendingyoutoschool.IfHanscameuphere,andsawourwarmfire,ourgoodsupper,andourredwine,hemightgetenvious,andenvyisamostterriblething,andwouldspoilanybody’snature.Iamhisbestfriend,andI’llalwayswatchoverhim,andseethathe’snotledintoanytemptation.Besides,ifHanscamehere,hemightaskmeforsomeflour.Flourisonething,andfriendshipisanother,andtheyshouldn’tbeconfused.Thewordsarespeltdifferently,andmeanquitedifferentthings.Everybodycanseethat.”Helookedseriouslyathisson,whofeltsoashamedthathehunghisheaddown,andgrewquitescared,andbegantocryintohistea.
Springcoming,theMillerwentdowntoseeHans.Againhetalkedaboutfriendship.“Hans,friendshipneverforgets.I’mafraidyoudon’tunderstandthepoetryoflife.See,howlovelyyourrosesare!
”
Hanssaidhewantedtoselltheminthemarkettobuybackhisthingswhichweresoldduringthehardtimeofthewinter.
“I’llgiveyoumanygoodthings.Ithinkbeinggenerousisthebaseoffriendship.”saidtheMiller.“Andnow,asI’llgiveyoumanygoodthings,I’msureyou’dliketogivemesomeflowersinreturn.Here’sthebasket,andfillitquitefull.”
PoorHanswasafraidtosayanything.Heranandpluckedallhisprettyroses,andfilledtheMiller’sbasket,imaginingthemanygoodthingspromisedbytheMiller.
ThenextdayheheardtheMillercalling:
“Hans,wouldyoumindcarryingthissackofflourformetomarket?
”
“I’msorry,butIamreallyverybusytoday.”
“Well,”saidtheMiller,“consideringthatI’mgoingtogiveyoumythings,it’sratherunfriendlyofyoutorefuse.Uponmyword,youmustn’tmindmyspeakingquiteplainlytoyou.”
PoorHanswasdrivenbyhisfriendshiptheorytoworkhardforhisbestfriend,leavinghisgardendryandwasted.
OneeveningHanswassittingbyfirewhentheMillercame.
“Hans,”criedtheMiller,“Mylittleboyhasfallenoffaladderandhurthimself,andI’mgoingfortheDoctor.Buthelivessofaraway,andit’ssuchabadwindynight.Ithasjustoccurredtomethatyoucangoinsteadofme.YouknowI’mgoingtogiveyoumygoodthings,soyoushoulddosomethingformeinreturn.”
“Certainly,”criedHans.Hestruggledintothestormynight,andgotthedoctortorideahorsetotheMiller’shouseintimetosavetheboy.However,Hansgotlostinthedarkness,andwanderedoffintoadeeppool,drowned.
AtHans’funeral,theMillersaid,“Iwashisbestfriend.Ishouldwalkattheheadoftheprocession.”Everynowandthenhewipedhiseyeswithahandkerchief.
16.“Flourisonething,andfriendshipisanother”canbeunderstoodas___________.
A.“Differentwordsmaymeanquitedifferentthings.”
B.“Interestispermanentwhilefriendshipisflexible.”
C.“I’mafraidyoudon’tunderstandthepoetryoflife.”
D.“Ithinkbeinggenerousisthebaseoffriendship.”
17.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatHans___________.
A.wasextremelywiseandnobleB.washighlyvaluedbytheMiller
C.admiredtheMillerverymuchD.hadastrongdesireforfortune
18.TheauthordescribedtheMiller’sbehaviorinorderto___________.
A.warnthereadersaboutthedangerofafalsefriend
B.showthefriendshipbetweenHansandtheMiller
C.entertainthereaderswithanincrediblejokingtale
D.persuadepeopletobeasintelligentastheMille
19.What’sthemaincauseofHans’tragedy?
A.Truefriendshipbetweenthem.B.Alackofformaleducation.
C.Asuddenchangeofweather.D.Blinddevotiontoafriend.
20.FromtheMiller’stalkathome,wecanseehewas___________.
A.seriousbutkindB.selfishandcold-hearted
C.caringbutstrictD.helpfulandgenerous
参考答案16-20:
BCADB
(2011·湖北卷,D)
Feelingblueabouttheworld?
“Cheerup,”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.“Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein,anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.”
Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational,becausehe'scarefullyweighedtheevidenceoptimistic,becausethatevidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.Andthisiswhathe'ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbookTheRationalOptimist.Heviewsmankindasagrandenterprisethat,onthewhole,hasdonelittlebutprogressfor100,000years.Hebackshisfindingswithhardfactsgatheredthroughyearsofresearch.
Here'showheexplainshisviews.
1)Shoppingfuelsinvention
ItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty,ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood,moreconvenienttransport,biggerhouses,bettercars,andofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe'llbe.
2)Brilliantadvances
Onereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longerlivedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food,clothing,fuelandshelter—havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour'slightcostsixhours'work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes'worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit'shalfsecond.
3)Let'snotkillourselvesforclimatechange
Mitigating(减轻)climatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffassilfuel(化石燃料)electricityisforbiddenbywellmeaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimaicchangeprovestobemild,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanosebleedbyputtingatourniquet(止血带)aroundournecks.
人类的进步是无法阻挡的,是令人乐观。
在《理性的乐观主义者》一书中,作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象,并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。
9.WhatisthethemeofRidley'smostrecentbook?
A.Weaknessofhumannature.B.Concernaboutclimatechange.
C.Importanceofpracticalthinking.D.Optimismabouthumanprogress.
答案:
D。
理解判断题。
从第二段的前两句话中,反复提到一个关键词“optimistic”以及信息句“becausethatevidenceshows...”;另外,“thisiswhathe'ssetouttoprove...”一句也正好清楚的表明了作者在本书中所以阐述的正是这个话题,正是与选项D的说法是一致的,即:
人类的进步总是不可避免的。
10.HowdoesRidleylookatshopping?
A.Itencouragesthecreationofthings.B.Itresultsinshortageofgoods.
C.Itdemandsmorefossilfuels.D.Itcausesapovertyproblem.
答案:
A。
细节判断题。
从“Shoppingfuelsinvention”一段正是反映了Ridley的观点:
购物能够激发创造发明。
选项A与之相吻合。
11.Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat________.
A.oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandles
B.shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife
C.advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles
D.increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods
答案:
D。
细节判断题。
根据Brilliantadvances一段中的“Takeoneexample”一句很明显的确定为:
作者拿蜡烛与灯的比较与变化正是为了前面他所提到的看法,故与选项D的说法是一致的。
12.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageimply?
A.Cuttingcarbonisnecessaryinspiteofthehugecost.
B.Overreactiontoclimatechangemaybedangerous.
C.People'shealthiscloselyrelatedtoclimatechange.
D.Carelessmedicaltreatmentmaycausegreatpain.
答案:
B。
推理判断题。
根据最后一句话中的“cuttingcarboncausesrealpain”可以排除选项A与C的说法,因为它们大相径庭;而根据“putting...aroundournecks”一句可以表明选项D中“careless”一词运用不当,是不符合语境的。
故只有选项B是最正确的。
D
(2011·全国卷,D)
Thewaywedothingsroundhere
Someyearsago,IwashiredbyanAmericanbank.IreceivedaletterfromtheheadofthePersonnelDepartmentthatstarted,“DearJohn,Iamquitepleasedthatyouhavedecidedtojoinus.”That“quite”saddenedme.Ithoughthewassaying“we'rekindofpleasedyoudecidedtojoinusalthoughIwishwehadhiredsomeoneelse.”ThenIdiscoveredthatinAmericanEnglish“quite”sometimesmeans“very”,whileinBritishEnglishitmeans“fairly”.
Sothefirstlessonaboutworkinginothercountriesistolearnthelanguage
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