In-Cell触摸屏原理(王丽花).ppt
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In-Cell触摸屏原理(王丽花).ppt
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In-Cell触摸屏原理2010.3.15Introductionoftouchpanel1.Resistivetouchpanel1.1traditionalresistivetouchpanel(directlyglueonLCDmodule)a.4/5/6/8-wireresistivetouchpanelb.digitalresistivetouchpanel(touchswitches,matrix)1.2integrateresistivetouchpanelintoLCDcell(betweentopandbottomglasses)2.Capacitivetouchpanel2.1capacitancechangedbydeformationoftopglass2.2capacitancechangedbyinducedcurrentfromfinger2.2.1surfacecapacitivetouchpanel2.2.2projectivecapacitivetouchpanel2.2.2.1detectselfcapacitance2.2.2.2detectmutualcapacitance3.Othertouchpanel(Infrared,SAW,Electromagnetic,Optical)Resistivetouchpanel基本原理:
触摸时,两层ITO互相接触,从而在两层ITO之间形成电阻通路根据上下基板材料,可分为filmonglass,glassonglass,filmonfilm等结构。
1.14-wireresistivetouchpanel在两电极上加5V直流电在ITO均匀电阻平面上形成均匀稳恒电流场在另一面的ITO电极上测量电压根据测得电压值(0-5V)确定触摸点的位置用同样方法测量Y坐标1.14-wireresistivetouchpanelLowlifetime(around1milliontimes)Lowtransmissivity(75%-85%)NotresistscratchLowestcostEasydetectcircuitWorkswithanystylus1.2Incellresistivetouchpanelsamsung
(1)Basicprinciple:
Whenpressed,thesensorswitchison(conductivecolumnspacercontactsensorelectrode)Fromplanview,attouchpoint,commonelectrodecontacttwosensinglinesperpendicularwitheachotherrespectively2.Capacitivetouchpanel2.1capacitancechangedbydeformationoftopglass2.2capacitancechangedbyinducedcurrentfromfinger2.2.1surfacecapacitivetouchpanel2.2.2projectivecapacitivetouchpanel2.2.2.1detectselfcapacitance2.2.2.2detectmutualcapacitance2.1Capacitivetouchpanel(压力式压力式)Thisintegratetypehassomedifferentstructures,includes:
CellgapchangetypeSamsungfiledapatent(US20080048994).AUOhasmadeademo.LCalignmentchangetypeSamsungfiledpatent(US20050094038)veryearly,butSamsungsdemoappliedanotherdetectcircuit(SID0724.3),andEpsonmadeademo(SID0855.2)basedonSamsungsstructurebyusingLTPS,IPSandactivematrixsensorsothatimprovedtheperformance.Cellgapchangetype
(1)Samsungspatent(US20080048994)onlyposedabasicprinciple,itslayerstructureanddetaileddetectmethodisnotshowninthepatent.ThoughAUOhasmadeademo,thereareveryfewopenmaterialsofitsdetectprinciple.Theyusethesameprinciple:
detectthecapacitancechangebetweencommonelectrodeandsenseelectrodebycellgapdeformation.Therearemanywaystodetectcapacitancechange,whichwaySamsungandAUOusedisunknown.AUOSamsungCellgapchangetype
(2)AUO和和LG的压力式内嵌触摸屏样品的压力式内嵌触摸屏样品LCalignmentchangetypeSamsung
(1)Samsungspatent(US20050094038)firstproposedthismethod:
BecausedifferentLCalignmenthasdifferentdielectricconstant,andwhenpressed,theLCalignmentischanged,sothattheLCcapacitancechanged.LCalignmentchangetypeSamsung
(2)Samsung和Epson的in-cellLCalignmentchangetypeTPSamsungEpson2.2.1SurfacecapacitivetouchpanelHave2conductivecoatings.Upperconductivecoatingistheworkingplane.Lowercoatingisshieldingplane.SurfacecapacitivetouchpanelSurfacecapacitivetouchpanelprinciple:
Touchpointistreatedasconnectingtogroundbyacapacitor.Theresistorfromtouchpointto4cornersR1-4isrelatedtothedistancefromtouchpointto4corners.Themorethedistanceis,themoretheresistoris.Whenaddsinesignalon4corners,thecurrentat4cornersI1-4isinverseproportiontorelatedR1-4.BymeasuringI1-4,thetouchpointcanbedetected.SurfacecapacitivetouchpanelLonglifetime(around100milliontimes)Highertransmissivity(Canreach90%)OnlyworkwithfingersHighercostPatentissueComplexdetectcircuitFastresponsespeed2.2.2投射电容触摸屏投射电容触摸屏(PCT)投射电容触摸屏(projectivecapacitivetouchpanel)可分为两种不同的结构:
自电容(selfcapacitive)与互电容(mutualcapacitive)自电容为较早的技术,来源于touchkey,touchpad互电容技术由iphone发扬光大,发展迅猛,将逐渐取代自电容类型Selfcapacitance自电容原理为当手接触时,等效为parasiticcapacitance增加,而且自电容检测都是在前端(提供电源端)。
检测原理有很多,可检测电压、电流、电荷,下图为chargetransfer检测原理。
通过开关依次开合不断对parasiticcapacitance进行充电放电,检测放电时通过的电荷,当有手指接触时,流出电荷增加。
DetectselfcapacitancePanellayout:
generallyusingdiamondpattern,sothecapacitorfromfingertobothITOlayerswillbebigenough.Thedetectsequenceis,firstdetectselfcapacitanceatonelayer(red),onelinebyoneline,togetXposition,thendetectanotherlayer(blue),togetYposition.Sothisisfakemulti-touch.Projectivecapacitivetouchpanel自电容的多点触摸定位问题:
自电容的多点触摸定位问题:
Mutualcapacitance互电容原理为:
当手指接触时,等效为互电容改变,互电容检测一般是在后端(sense端)。
可以检测电压或者电荷。
下图为电荷检测等效电路。
手指接触后等效为互电容减小,此时读出电荷减小。
模型一MutualcapacitancePanel图案图案MutualcapacitanceDrivingmethod:
Atdrivelayer(red),addpulsesignalonelinebyoneline,andotherlinesconnecttoground.Atsenselayer(blue),detectchargeonebyone.Whenallintersectionisdetected,themostchargedecreasedintersectionisthetouchpoint.Thismethodistruemulti-touch.Soappleclaimedthatiphoneisthefirstimagesensingtouchpanelintheworld.上表面和下表面diamond是错开的模型仿真结果NotouchTouch互电容的优点互电容的优点互电容相对自电容的显著优点:
1.对地寄生电容对触控检测影响很小,更适合在集成触摸屏结构2.具有更强的抵抗LCD噪声能力3.可以实现真
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