高层建筑施工外文文献翻译.docx
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高层建筑施工外文文献翻译.docx
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高层建筑施工外文文献翻译
文献信息
文献标题:
Measurestoreduceconstructiontimeofhigh-risebuildings(缩短高层建筑施工工期的措施)
文献作者及出处:
KolchedantsevL,AdamtsevichA,StupakovaO,etal.Measurestoreduceconstructiontimeofhigh-risebuildings[C]//E3SWebofConferences.EDPSciences,2018,33:
03062.
字数统计:
英文2335单词,13057字符;中文3906汉字
外文文献
Measurestoreduceconstructiontimeofhigh-risebuildings
AbstractTheorganizationalandtechnologicalsolutionsforhigh-risebuildingsconstructionefficiencyincreaseareconsidered,primarily–decreaseoftypicalfloorconstructiontimeandimprovementofbearingstructuresconcretequality.Theessenceofofferedtechnologyis:
aconcretemixingstationandapolygonmainlyforload-bearingwallpanelswithstarterbarscastingarelocatedonthebuildingsite;forreinforcedconcretecomponentsmanufacturingandbuttjointsgroutingthewarmed-upconcretemixturesareused.TheresultsofresearchesandelaborationscarriedoutbytheSPSUACEinareaofapreliminarywarming-upofconcretemixturesarepresented.Thepossibilityandfeasibilityoftheirusageinhigh-risebuildingsandofexcessheightbuildingsconstructionincludingcast-in-placeandprecastexecutionareshown.Theessenceofheat-vibrotreatingofconcretemixtureisrevealedasakindofpriorelectroresistivecuring,andtheachievedresultsare:
acceleratedconcretestrengthgain,powerinputsdecrease,concretequalityimprovement.Itisshownthatthelocationofaconcretemixingstationonthebuildingsiteenablestobroadenpossibilitiesofthe“thermos”methoduseandtoavoidconcretemixtureswarmingupinmedium-massstructureserection(columns,girders)duringthehigh-risebuildingsconstruction.Itisexperimentallyprovedthatthesplicebetweenprecastelementsencasedwithwarmed-upconcretemixtureisequalwithconjugatedelementsinstrength.
1.Introduction
Themostimportantconstructionalandtechnologicalpeculiarityofbuildingsofexcessheight(25-30storeys)andhigh-risebuildings(100-150andmorestoreys)isitssignificantheightexcessondimensionsinplan.Fromthisitfollowsthattheconstructiontimeofitssubstructuremassivelydependsontypicalfloorconstructiontime.5-6workingdaysperstoreyisconsideredtobeacceptableresultaccordingtoliterature.Fromthisitfollowsthattheonlysubstructurewillbeunderconstructionaboutthreeyears.Thus,atypicalfloorconstructiontimedecreaseisquiteanimportanttask.
Becauseoflimitedsizesinplandecreaseoftypicalfloorconstructiontimebymeansofcompactingtimeschedulesofdifferentworktypescompletewithtraditionaltechnologiesisoflittlepromise.Themosttypicalfloorconstructiondecreasetimeeffectmaybegotduetorealizationoforganizationalandtechnologicalconclusionsbeingthepointatissueofthisarticlewhichare:
locationofaconcretemixingstationandcastingyard(mainlyforwallpanelsmanufacturing)onthebuildingsite;thewarmed-upconcretemixturesusageforreinforcedconcretecomponentsonsitecastingandbuttjointsgrouting;concretemixturepreparationwith350С-450Сtemperatureatthepolygonformediummassstructuresconcretepouringandtheirsubsequentmaturingbyusingthe“thermos”method.
Therearesubstantiationsofeachlistedorganizationalandtechnologicalsolutionbelow.Itisimportanttonotethatonlycombinedapplicationofthemenablestogetthedesiredresultthatistypicalfloorconstructiontimedecreaseof1.5-2days.
2.Methods
Itiswellknownthattheextra-strongconcreteclasses(B50-B80)areusedforlowerstoreysconstructionandhigh-strengthconcreteclasses–forupperstoreysconstructioninhigh-risesbuilding.Mentionedparametersofconcretephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesareestimatedrelatively(relativecompressive,tensile,bendingstrength,etc.),whatgivestheopportunitytoapplythelabandfieldtestsresultstoconcretesofdifferentclasses.
Inadditiontotraditional(Gostovskaya)techniques,forexample,GOST10180-90Concrete.Methodsofdeterminingstrengthontestspecimens,fortestofjointofprecast-monolithicbuildingswasdesignedbyaspecialtechnique.Onactiveareaofthe“old”concretewhicharetheendsofcombinedpanelstheverticalinclinedchases4mmwideand6mmdepthweremade.Theconcretemixtureof"new"concretewaswarmed-upjustbeforetheplacingwithalternateelectriccurrentofindustrialfrequency(50Hz)to+500Сand+700Сtemperatureandthenplacedwithvibrationinsplicecavity.For"old"and"new"concretessamplessheartestingpostgraduatestudentMustafinR.R.createdspecialmethodexcludestheappearanceofthetorsionalmomentabout"old"and"new"concretescontactplane.
Theessenceofconcretemixturethermaltreatmentthatisakindofapreliminarywarming-up,itsrationalapplicationfield,usedmaterials,andtheachievedeffectarepresentedinwriting.Itisimportanttonoteherethatonlyapplicationofwarmed-upconcretemixturesmadeatsitepolygonenablestogetconcretetransportstrengthinminimumtimewithminimumpowerinputsandrequiredconcretequalityprovided.Thegroutingofbuttjointsbetweenprecastelementswithwarmed-upmixtureprovidestheequalityinstrengthofthejointandconjugatedelements.
Thefeasibilityofaconcretemixingstationlocationonasiteofahigh-risebuildingconstruction,itsparametersaresubstantiatedinwritings.
3.Results
3.1.Themobileconcretemixingstation(CMS)locationonhigh-risebuildingsite.
Themobileconcretemixingstation(CMS)locationonhigh-risebuildingsiteenablestoprovide:
-uninterruptedconcretemixturesupplywithnodependingontheroadtraffic;
-deliverycostminimizingforconcretemixandprefabreinforcedconcretefabricatedatthesitepolygon;
-costsreducingforconcreteon-sitetransportation,duetopartlypiping,forexample.
3.2.Theproductionofreinforcedconcreteproductsontheon-sitetest.
Theproductionofreinforcedconcreteproductsontheon-sitetestsiteusingheatedmixturesisschematicallyshowninFigure1.ThedailyturnoverofthemoldsisprovidedbytheheatintroducedintothemixturewhenitpassesthroughtheHVTCMdeviceandtheexothermicheatofthecement.
Fig.1.SitecastingyardschemeforcombinationofHVTCMandthermoreactivecuring:
1-roughtrack;2-self-movingportal;3–HVTCMplant;4-structureunderconcreting;5-thermoactivefooting;6-moldedproduct;7-flexibleheatsealpackaging;8-thermoactivecap.
3.3.Heat-vibrotreatingofconcretemixtures.
Heat-vibrotreatingofconcretemixture(HVTCM)iskindofpreheating.Itsessenceisincontinuousandoverload(1-3minutes)electricalcuringofconcretemixalongwithvibration,extremepressureandvapourexposure.Heatupandvibrationarethemainsothemethodofconcretemixturetreatmentandrequiredequipmentarecalledso.Atthat,vibrationisusedprimarilyasawayofconcretemixtransportationduringitstreatment.Activatingvibrationproperty,vapour,excesspressureandelectrostaticfieldactionduringelectricalcuringexertsinconcretecharacteristicsimproving,suchasitsstrengthagainstpureheatingofconcretemix.
HVTCMplantgeneralform,whichisrecommendedtouse,ispresentedinFigure2.System'scriticalcomponentsare:
concretinghopper;verticalheatingtube;inclinedheatingtubewithcatch;gate-operatingmechanismandelectricalbox(OFC).
Fig.2.HVTCMplantgeneralform.1-concretinghopper;2–verticalheatingtube;3–inclinedheatingtubewithreducingpipe4;5-catch;6-elevator;7-vibrator;8-pumpingset;9-hydrocylinder;10-synchronisinglinkage;11–triangularelectrodes;12–circularelectrodes.
Oninternalsurfaceofverticaltubecurrent-collectingdevicesareelectricallysecuredassigned,whichconnectedtoalternatingcurrentsystemwithvoltageof380/220V.Electrodeshaveatriangularcrosssection,atthatadjacentelectrodesareparallel.Inclinedpipebodyisneutrallyassigned,electricallyinsulatedcentralrodwithcircularcurrent-collectingdeviceareco-axialassignedinsidethecase.Theplantworksasfollow.Traditionallymadeandtransportedtositeconcretemixfillsintohopperwithfullyclosedgate.Forthesakeofinternalvolumefillingwithconcretemixandclosecontactbetweenmixandelectrodesprocuringthevibratorturnsonfor3-5seconds.Thenvoltageisappliedonelectrodecells.Afterconcretemixtemperaturerequiredvaluerealization(near70-80ºC),after1,5-2minutestrapsopenandvibratorturnson.Furtherprocessingofthemixtureproceedsinsteadystate.Sinceinsuchashortheatingtimetheconcretemixtothistemperature,thefluidbodyliquidphaseisheated,andcementandsandgrainsfromit,thecoarseaggregateisheatedlaterduetothethermalconductivityfromthewarm-upcomponentsofthemixture,sothatafterexitingtheplanttheaveragemixtemperaturefallsby5-20ºC(dependsontheaggregatesizeanditsamount).
Processesduringheat-vibrotreatingofconcretemixturemaybedescribedthisway.AccordingtotheJoule-Lenzlaw,whenacurrentpassesthroughaconcretemixturewithanelectricalresistance,heatisreleasedinit.Hightemperatureincreasesreactionofcementhydration.Vibrationleadstodeflocculatingofcementgrains,partlyitsdispergation,whichiscomplementedbychemicaldispergation.Concretemixpreheatingisaccompaniedbypartlyvapourformation;andsincetreatingpassesinclosedvolume,thisleadstoexcesspressureformationnear0.01MPa.Waterviscosityreducingwithhightemperatureandvapourexistence,whichpenetrabilityisgreaterthanwater,incombinationwithexcesspressurekeeptomoisturepenetrationincementgrains.Thecombinationofthese
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