教育学习文章Book 5Unit 1Great Scientists预习学案.docx
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教育学习文章Book 5Unit 1Great Scientists预习学案.docx
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教育学习文章Book5Unit1GreatScientists预习学案
Book5Unit1GreatScientists预习学案
Book5
Unit1
GreatScientists预习学案
一.目标聚焦
、了解著名医生约翰•斯诺、钱学森、哥白尼等科学家。
2、学会使用表示描述人物的句型
3.学习过去分词作定语和表语的结构
二.走进课文
.Readthepassageandnumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened.
---johnSnowbegantotesttwotheories.
---AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854.
---johnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap.
---Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease.
---johnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere.
---kingcholerawasdefeated.
---Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump.
---Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump.
2.Readthepassageandanswerthesequestions.
johnSnowbelievedIdea2wasright.Howdidhefinallyproveit?
____________________________________________________________________________
DoyouthinkjohnSnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwithoutmap?
giveareason.
____________________________________________________________________________
cholerawasa19thcenturydisease.whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday?
why?
____________________________________________________________________________
三.句式点击
.
withthisextraevidencejohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.
withthisextraevidence
有了这个额外的证据;withcertainty肯定地,有把握地
在句中作状语,相当于副词.
that引导宾语从句
polluted过去分词作定语
2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.
terrified过去分词作定语
everytime短语充当连词作用,还有themoment/minute/second;thefirst/second…lasttime;immediately/instantly/directly
eg:
ThefirsttimeIwentabroadIcouldhardlyunderstandwhattheforeignerssaid.
ThemomentIsawhim,Iknewwhathadhappened.
3.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.
be﹢动词不定式,可以表示该做或不该做的事
betoblame应该负责;应受责备
eg:
Nooneistoleavethisbuildingwithoutthepermissionofthepolice.
youarenottodroplitterinthispark.公园里不许乱丢垃圾。
whoistoblameforthefire?
whoistoberesponsibleforthis?
4.onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.
only﹢加状语放于句首时,主句用部分倒装。
eg:
onlyaweeklaterdidIreceiveananswerfromher.
onlywhenyouarefortyandlookingbackwillyourealizethatyouhaven’tdoneyourbest.
拓展:
onlyif可译为“只有”
eg:
onlyifyoustudyhard,willyoupassthetest.
makeacallonlyifitisimportant.
5.Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheair.
Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,johnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.
suggest当暗示,表明时,从句用陈述语气。
当建议讲时,从句用虚拟语气﹢do
eg:
Isuggestedthathegiveupsmoking.
四.语法分析:
过去分词作定语和表语
课文原句:
.
HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.
2.
Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.
过去分词作定语:
意义:
过去分词含有被动和完成的意思,不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成
abrokenheart
aploughedfield
arisensun已升起的太阳
位置:
单个的过去分词作定语时,通常放在所修饰词前;过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在后面。
pollutedwater
deathcausedbytheaccident
abrokenglass
aglassbrokenbytheboy
特别提示:
有些词像left剩下的,given(所给的),concerned(有关的)等,习惯上作后置定语,如
standingroomleft
thepeopleconcerned
有关人士
thebookgiven
所给的书籍
当所修饰的词是由some/any/nothing/nobody…所构成的不定代词或指示代词those等时,通常放在其后。
如:
TherehasbeennothingchangedsinceIleftHarbintwoyearsago.
区别:
过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语
.
语态不同:
现在分词表示主动,过去分词表被动.如
surprisingnews
surprisedlisteners
anexcitingmovie
excitedchildren
Theteachertoldhisstudentsalotofinterestingstories.
Sheisinterestedinchinese.
2.
时间关系上不同:
现在分词表动作正在进行;过去分词表动作已经完成。
如
thechangingworld正在发生变化的世界
thechangedworld
已经改变了的世界
boilingwater
boiledwater
developingcountries
developedcountries
过去分词作表语:
意义:
用在系动词后面,构成系表结构,表示主语所处的状态。
如shelookeddisappointed.
wewereencouragedatthenews.
用于被动语态,表示主语所承受的动作。
如
thebookiswellwritten.
thelakeisbadlypolluted.
五.单词、短语突破
.characteristicn.﹠adj.
n.特征;特性
whatcharacteristicsdistinguishtheAmericansandcanadians?
特有的,典型的
withthecharacteristicgenerosity,heofferedtobuyticketsforallofus.
2.conclude
vt.﹠vi结束;推论出;议定,决定
常用于以下结构:
concludewithsth.用……结束某事
concludesth.fromsth.从……推断出
concludetodosth.决定做某事
concludethat-clause决定
拓展:
conclusion
drawaconclusion得出结论
makeaconclusion得出结论
bring…toaconclusion
使结束;谈定买卖等
cometotheconclusionthat…所得到的结论
arriveat/cometo/reachaconclusion得出结论,告一段落
inconclusion=toconclude最后,总之
3.
attendvt.照顾,护理;出席;参加
Ihavetoattendmysickson.
willyouattendthemeetingtomorrow?
4.
exposevt.显露;暴露;揭露
Sheexposedasetofperfectwhiteteethwhenshesmiled.
Thesoilwaswashedawaybytheflood,exposingthebarerock.
expose…to…
Heexposedhisskintothesun.
5.
cure
n.﹠vt.
治愈;痊愈n.
thereisstillnocureforthecommoncold.
治疗;治愈vt.
canyoucuremeofmycold?
whenIlefthospitalIwascompletelycured.
6.
absorbvt.吸引;吸收;使专心
Blackclothingabsorbslight.
Thetaskabsorbedallhisenergies.
beabsorbedin=absorboneselfin全神贯注于
Theoldmanwasutterlyabsorbedinthebook.
7.
instructvt.命令,指示,教导
themanagerinstructedusaboutourdutiesonthefirstday.
hedoesn’tinstructuswheretogo.
派生词:
instruction
n.指导;指令
instructions
n.说明,操作指南
8.
link…to…将……和……连接或联系起来(常用被动语态表示状态)
Theislandislinkedtothemainlandbyanewbridge.
Heartdiseasecanbelinkedtosmoking.
拓展join…to把……和……连接起来
connect…with将……和……连接
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