新高考高一英语时文阅读专练含答案解析.docx
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新高考高一英语时文阅读专练含答案解析.docx
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新高考高一英语时文阅读专练含答案解析
新高考高一英语时文阅读专练(含答案解析)
A
Inanewreport,infectiousdiseaseexpertJeffreyShamanbelievestherewereatleasthalfadozenstealthcoronaviruscasestoeveryonediagnosisatthestartoftheepidemic.
Theexplosivespreadofcoronaviruswaslikelycausedby‘stealthtransmissions’—undiagnosedpeoplewithmildsymptomsunwittinglyspreadingthedisease,anewstudyclaims.Infectious-diseaseexpertJeffreyShamanbelievestheactualnumberofcontaminatedworldwideisfargreaterthanreports,estimatingamillionpeoplemayhavebeeninfected.
TheenvironmentalhealthsciencesprofessoratColumbiaUniversitywhoco-wrotethestudypublishedonMondaysaidsocialdistancingisamustinordertocombatseeminglyhealthypeoplespreadingthevirus.Despiteonlybeinghalfasinfectiousasthedocumentedinfections,thesestealthcasesresultedinatleasttwo-thirdsofdocumentedinfections,ProfessorShamanandhiscolleaguessaid.ProfShamansaidthisflipintheratiosmeantabout60percentofcarrierswereconfirmed—butfastforwardtonowandnewdailycaseshavesignificantlydroppedfromthousandstotens.Thestudysaysa“radicalincreaseintheidentificationandisolationofcurrentlyundocumentedinfectionswouldbeneededtofullycontrol”thenovelcoronavirus.
PeopleintheUK,meanwhile,havebeentoldtoavoidpubs,clubsandrestaurantsandworkfromhomewhereverit'spossibletoslowthespreadofcoronaviruswhichhasnowclaimed55livesintheUK.PrimeMinister BorisJohnsonsaidatapressconferenceyesterdayurgedeveryoneto“stopnon-essentialcontactandtostopallnon-essentialtravel”.ThePMsaidLondonappearedtobe“afewweeksahead”ofotherareasandurgedpeopleinthecapitaltopayspecialattentiontothemeasures—includinghomeworking—suggestedbytheGovernment.TheUKdeathtollyesterdayroseto35whiletherehavenowbeen1,543cases.HealthSecretaryMattHancockyesterdaysaidthatover-70scouldbeaskedtoself-isolateforfourmonths.
Acrosstheworldmorethan6,000peoplehavenowdiedfromthedisease.
1.Howmanypeopleatleastpotentiallygotinfectedwhenonewasdiagnosed,accordingtoJeffreyShaman?
A.Twelve.B.Six.C.Seven.D.Ten.
2.What’sthebestwaytopreventthespreadingfromundiagnosedpeoplewithmildsymptoms?
A.Wearingmedicalmasks.B.Notgoingtowork.
C.Keepingasocialdistance.D.Sendingthesepeopletohospital.
3.HowdoesProfessorShamanconsiderthecurrentcontrolofthenovelcoronavirus?
A.Cheerful.B.Uncertain.C.Depressing.D.Impossible.
4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadviceofUKgovernment?
A.Toworkathomeinstead.
B.Nottogooutforanydinner.
C.Tocancelunnecessarytravel.
D.Toself-isolatefortheaged.
B
SmartCaneHelpsIdentifytheBlinds’Surroundings
Thiselectronicwalkingstickisrevolutionizingthewaythatblindpeoplecannavigate①theworld.
Asameansofprotectingpeoplefromlow-hangingobjectsandobstaclesabovechestlevel,theWeWalksmartcaneusesultrasonicsensorstowarntheuserofnearbyhindrancesthroughvibrations②inthehandle.
Thecanecanbepairedwithasmartphone’sBluetoothsystemforeasycontrol.Sinceitisalsointegrated③withVoiceAssistantandGoogleMapssoftware,itcanusebuilt-inspeakerstoinformtheuserofnearbystoresandinfrastructuraldetailsthattheymaynotbeabletosee.
WeWalkCEOandco-founderKursatCeylan,whoisalsoblind,toldCNNthathehelpedtodevelopthecaneoutofadesiretousemoderntechnologyasatoolforthevisuallyimpaired.
“Inthesedayswearetalkingaboutflyingcars,butthesepeoplehavebeenusingjustaplainstick,”hetoldthenewsoutlet.
“Asablindperson,whenIamattheMetrostationIdon’tknowwhichismyexit…Idon’tknowwhichbusisapproaching…whichstoresarearoundme.ThatkindofinformationcanbeprovidedwiththeWeWalk.”
TheWeWalkiscurrentlybeingsoldfor$500apop.AstheTurkishtechstartupgainsmoretraction,thedevelopershopetoeventuallypairitwithridesharingappsandtransportationservicestofurtherimproveitsnavigationalabilities.
C
Therushtoboardthe17.46fromLondonEustontoCrewebeginsthemomenttheplatformisannounced.Thetrain’seightcarriages,intheory,eachcarry70passengers.ButtheLondon-CrewelineisBritain’sbusiestrailservice.ItleavesEustoncarrying,onaverage,morethantwiceasmanypassengersasithascapacityfor.Sittingonthefloor,Becky,alocalgovernmentworkerlamentsthat,“It’slikethiseveryday.Igetaseatmaybeonceaweek.AndIpayfivegrandforthisseasonticket.”
Atpeaktimes19%ofLondonrailusersareforcedtostand.TheproblemsstretchacrossBritain:
17%areseatlessatpeaktimesinBirminghamand15%inLeeds.Withapoorpunctualityperformancebyinternationalstandardsandahighcancellationrate,commutingbyrailinBritainisoftenamiserableexperience.ThegovernmentisnowsettotrytorelievesomeofthesufferingwithamajorexpansionofBritain’srailnetworkandareorganizationofthesector.Moregovernmentmoneylookssettobecoupledwithmoregovernmentdirection.
AftertheVictorianboom,therailwayswentintoalongdecline.TrafficfellforhalfacenturyaftertheSecondWorldWar.Butoverthepast25yearstheyhavemorethandoubled:
therewere1.8bnrailjourneysin2018-19,morethanatanytimesincetheearly1920s.Butwhilein1963Britainhad17,500milesoftrack,itnowhasunder10,000miles.
Thatistherootcauseofmuchofthecommuterwoe.AccordingtotheRailwayIndustryAssociationtrackutilizationis60%higherinBritainthantheEUaverage.AccordingtoNetworkRail,thepubliclyownedmanagerofthetrack,around70%ofdelaysaretheknock-oneffectsofcongestion.TheshrinkageofBritain’snetworkhasalsoforcedoperatorstorunfreight,intercityandcommutertrainsonthesamestretchesoftrack.Theneedtoaccommodateslowerrunningstoppingtrainsreducesthenumberofhigherspeedtrainswhichcanrunonthesamelengthoftrack.
1.WhatdoestheexampleofBeckyaimtotellusinParagraph1?
A.Thetrainhaslimitedcapacity.
B.Theticketpriceishigh.
C.Standingonthetrainisuncomfortable.
D.Trainserviceshouldbeimproved.
2.WhichoffollowingisNOTthereasonwhypeoplesufferfromcommutingbyrailway?
A.Thetrainsarealwayslate.
B.Trainsalwaysgetcanceled.
C.Thecapacityoftrainissmall.
D.Trainarrangementispoor.
3.Whatisthemainreasonbehindpoorpunctuality?
A.Shortageoftrack.B.Trafficjam.
C.Toomanypassengers.D.Poorcoordination.
4.Whatisthispassagemainlytalkingabout?
A.NewrailwayexpansioninBritain.
B.RailwaydevelopmentinBritain.
C.ProblemsofrailwayinBritain.
D.PoliticalmeasurestakenbyBritain.
D
PeaceandHappinessFoundinCleaning
Inarecentsurveyof2000Americans,housecleaningwasshowntohavesomemood-boostingeffects—butthatdoesn’tmeaneverybodydoesitwillingly.
Themajorityofrespondentssaidcleaninggavethemasenseofaccomplishment①(65%)andhelpedthemcleartheirmind(63%).
Halfoftheseadultssaidtheyaremostoftenmotivatedtocleanwhenthey’rehappy.Infact,63%ofthosesurveyedfindtheexperienceofcleaningtoberelaxing—evenmoresothangettingfreshair(61%).
Butthat’snottheonlyreasonpeopleclean.
Awhopping70%admittedthattidyingtheirhomewasawayofputtingoffhavingtodootherthings,withtheaverageprocrastinator②usingthattrickfourtimesaweek.
Thesurveyshowedthat86%ofrespondentsdofeelontopoftheirchores,butthelastdeepcleanoftheirkitchenhappenedoveraweekandahalfago.That’snosurprisebecausethekitchenismostdreadedofall.
ConductedbyOnePollonbehalfofDishFish,makersofmultipurposespongesandnon-scratchscrubbers,thesurveyhonedin③onpeople’sattitudestowarddirtydishesandhowtheygetthroughthecringe④-worthytask.
Morethantwo-thirdsofpeople(69%)lettheirdishespileupbetweenwashingswith20%saying“always”lettingthemstackupinthesink,whichleftthemfeelingstressed.
Morethananyotherroom,thekitchenwasratedas“verydifficult”totackle.Andmostpeopleenjoyscrubbingtheirtoiletortakingoutthegarbagemorethanwashingdishesbyhand.
Howdotheygetthroughit?
66%listentomusicwhiletheyclean.
72%haveago-tosongthattheyblastwhiletidyinguptheirhome,with“UptownFunk,”“ReadAllAboutIt”and“Work”beingthethreefavoritetunesonAmerica’scleaningplaylist.
E
ApowerfulanddeadlystormmovingthroughMiddleTennesseecausedatornado(龙卷风)thattoucheddowninNashvilleearlyTuesdaymorning,cuttingaswathofdestructionthatstretchedthroughthecityformiles.
ThestormdestroyedpartsofseveralneighborhoodsandbusinessdistrictsinthecentralpartofNashvillebeforemovingintothecity'seasternsuburbsandbeyond.TornadoesimpactedseveralcountiesinWestandMiddleTennessee.InPutnamCounty,locatedmorethan50mileseastofNashville,77peoplewerestillmissing,PutnamCountyleaderssaidataTuesdaynightpressbriefing.It'sunclearhowmanyofthemissingpeoplecouldbeinjured;manydisastershavemissingpersonswhoeventuallyturnupunharmed.Morethan30peoplehavebeentreatedforstorm-relatedinjuriesatVanderbiltUniversityMedicalCenter,hospitalofficialssaidTuesdaymorning.Mostappeartohavebeenhurtbyflyingobjects.ThreepeoplewerekilledintheMt.JulietsuburbofNashville.Onecoupleintheir80swerekilledattheirhome.JamesandDonnaEaton,84and81,respectively,wereidentifiedbypoliceabout5p.m.Tuesday.SheriffKennyChristophertoldTheTennesseanthatacouplelivinginamobileh
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