leavekeep分析讲解试题.docx
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leavekeep分析讲解试题.docx
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leavekeep分析讲解试题
leave,keep使/让…处于某状态
课件+试题
索引
一、leave
二、keep
含:
leave用法小结和keep考点
三、练习(附答案)
四、历年高考试题(附答案和解析)
一、leave
leave表示“使/让(某人/某事物)处于某状态,听任”等,其后可跟复合宾语结构。
---causeorallow(sb/sth)tobeorremaininaspecifiedstate,conditionorposition
leave+sb/sth[宾语]+adj./adv./介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式(todosth)/wh-…/as….[宾补]
<一>leave+sb/sth+adj./adv./介词短语
1[VN-ADJ]Leavethedooropen,please.请把门开着吧。
◊Heleftthealbumopen/closedonthetable.◊Thebombblastleft25peopledead.那颗炸弹炸死了25个人。
◊Violentdisturbanceshaveleftatleasttenpeopledead.◊Hisillnesshaslefthimweak.◊Hisbetrayalleftherheartbroken.◊Thebigflood/Thetarnadolefthundredsofthousandsofpeoplehomeless.◊Thisleavesthepatientawake.这使病人醒着。
◊Remembertoleaveyourbedroomcleanandtidy.◊Frankly,hisrudenessleftmespeechless.◊Thepresident’ssuddendeathhasleftthecountryleaderless.◊Hehaslefthiswifeandchildrenpenniless.◊Hisfather’swillleftMarciasecure.他父亲的遗嘱使玛西娅有了保障。
◊Shelefthimvaguelysuspicious.◊Theduststormlefteverythinginthehousedirty.◊Thedecisionbyhissuperiorslefthimpowerlesstoact.◊Thetragicnewslefthimnumb.◊ThisleftAthensthestrongestofthecity-states.(MCE)这使雅典成为最强的城邦。
◊
被动:
Thechildrenwereleftmotherless.这些孩子都没有了母亲。
◊MichelangelowasleftunchallengedasthegreatestFlorentineartist.米开朗琪罗成了无可争议的佛罗伦萨最伟大的艺术家。
◊Iunderstandyouhavebeenleftaveryrichyouth.我知道你已成为非常有钱的年轻人。
(1)leavesthon/off/out/inetc
leaveon让(灯)开着◊Sheleftthebedsidelamponallnight.她让床头灯一夜都亮着。
被动:
Whyaretheselightslefton?
这些灯为什么没关?
◊Shemusthaveleftthephoneoffthehook.她一定是没挂好电话。
leaveout留在外面;省略;遗漏;不考虑;不包括在内;不理会,忽视leaveone’sbicycleoutatnight晚上把自行车留在外面/Don’tleavemeout,please!
请不要把我忘了!
(2)leavesthopen/empty/untidyetc:
Leavethedooropen,please.让门开着吧。
被动:
Thedoorwasleftopen.门敞开着。
◊Thegovernmentleftitspolicyopentovariousinterpretations.政府听凭人们对它的政策作各种各样的解释。
(3)leavealone让独自呆着;不干扰,不干预;更不用说
leave/letsba'lone;leave/letsb'be不打扰;不干预--stopannoyingsbortryingtogettheirattention:
She’saskedtobeleftalonebutthepressphotographersfollowhereverywhere.她希望不被打扰,但是摄影记者还是对她穷追不舍。
Leavehimbe—heobviouslydoesn’twanttotalkaboutit.不要打扰他,他显然不想谈这事。
leave/letstha'lone;leave/letsth'be不碰;不改变;不移动--stoptouching,changingormovingsth:
I’vetoldyoubefore—leavemythingsalone!
我跟你说过,不要碰我的东西!
◊Leaveusalone,please.请不要打扰我们。
◊Leavetheboxalone.别动那箱子。
◊Nowshewasleftalonewithherlittlechild.现在只剩下她和她那个小孩在一起了。
◊
leavewell(enough)alone见好就收;不要弄巧成拙;不要画蛇添足--stopchangingsththatisalreadygoodenough:
Hejustdoesn'tknowwhentoleavewellenoughalone.
(4)leavethe'dooropen(for/onsth)让(谈判、协商的)门敞开着,使…成为可能;(为某事)留有余地--makesurethatthereisstillthepossibilityofdoingsth:
Thedoorwasleftopenforfurthernegotiationsasthebosseswerenotcompletelystubbornattheendoftalks.进一步谈判的门还敞开着,因为头头们在会谈结时态度并不完全那么没有挽回余地.◊
Themanagementwereintelligentenoughtoleavethedooropenforfurthernegotiationswiththeunion.管理层很明智,他们没有关死和工会进一步协商的大门。
(5)leavethefield'clearforsb;leavesbinpossessionofthe'field为…的成功扫清障碍;清除对手(以确保其成功)--enablesbtobesuccessfulinaparticularareaofactivitybecauseotherpeopleorgroupsarenotcompetingwiththemanylonger:
Manyofourmoreexperiencedplayersareinjuredorresting,whichleavesthefieldclearfornewtalent.很多经验丰富的选手都有伤在身或正在休养,这样就给了新秀上场的机会。
(6)(sth)leavesb'cold未能打动某人;不能引起某人的兴趣--failtoaffectorinterestsb:
Hisstoryleftmecold;Ihaveheardtoomanyofthesebeggingtales.他的故事打动不了我,这些乞讨的故事我听得太多了。
◊Classicalmusicleavesmeabsolutelycold,butIloverock.古典音乐一点也引不起我的兴趣,我喜欢摇滚乐。
◊
(7)leavesbspeechless使某人(惊吓、高兴、愤怒得)说不出话来,使某人目瞪口呆
2[VN-ADV]
leavethingsabout/around(=hereandthere)把东西到处乱放
leavebehind未带,遗忘;把…丢在后面:
Takecarenottoleaveanythingbehind.当心别丢下东西。
/Don’tleavemebehind.别把我留下。
Mybaghasbeenleftbehind.我的包忘拿了。
/Helefthiswifeandchildrenbehind.他拋下了妻子儿女。
/Hehasleftasweetmemorybehind.他留芳百世。
/Iwasleftbehindintherace.我在赛跑中落在后面。
◊Sowheredoesthatleaveme?
◊Ican’trememberwhereIleftmykeys.
leavesbupintheair
Fig.leavesbwaitingforadecision:
Pleasedon'tleavemeupintheair.Iwanttoknowwhat'sgoingtohappentome.◊Nothingwasdecided,andtheyleftmeupintheair.
3[VN-PREP]
leavenewspapersabout/aroundone’shouse在屋子里到处乱放报纸◊Idon'twanttoleavemymotherathomeonherown.◊Idecidedtoleavethecarathome.◊leaveitinone’scare把它交托给某人照管◊leavethechildinmycare/charge把孩子托付给我/leavesbinthechargeofthematter委托某人负责办理某事/leaveasuminthebank把一笔款子存在银行里/Iwillleavethearrangementsinyourhands.我将把准备工作交给你办。
/Heleftmeinthedarkaboutthematter.这事我被他蒙在鼓里[瞒着我]。
◊Idon’tlikeleavingherinthatstate.◊Thedocumentaryleftmeinastateofshock.◊Thepreviousgovernmentlefttheeconomyinruins.◊Thestrikelefttherailwaysystemin(utter)confusion.罢工使铁路系统陷于一片混乱。
◊WhenButterworthwentsick,theylefthimincharge.巴特沃思生病时,他们让他来负责。
◊Whycan’tyouleaveherinpeace?
你为什么不能让她安宁?
◊We’velefthernameoffthelist.◊Thematterisleftentirelytoyourarrangement/disposal.这事全由你去安排[处理]。
◊Hequietlyslippedawayandleftmetomytears.◊Hisillnesslefthimwithaweakheart.他的病使他的心脏很弱。
◊Payingfortheapartmenthaslefttheyoungcouplewithoutapenny/cent.◊Thestormleft50,000homeswithoutpower.
(1)leaveitat'that(informal)<口>行了;到此为止;就这样吧--sayordonomoreaboutsth:
Wetalkedaboutitforafewminutes,Imadeafewsuggestions,andweleftitatthat.我们就这个问题讨论了几分钟,我提出了一些建议,然后就没有再过问。
◊We’vedoneenoughfortoday.Let’sleaveitatthat,shallwe?
我们今天已经做得够多了,就到这儿,好吗?
行啦[到此为止吧。
◊Thereisnothingwecando;wemustleaveitatthat.我们无能为力,只好听其自然。
(2)leavesbinthe'lurch(在某人需要帮助时)弃而不顾,见死不救,抛下不管--(informal)leavesbwhoisinadifficultsituationandneedsyourhelp:
Idon’tthinkmuchofapersonwholeaveshisfriendsinthelurchwhentroublesarise.我对于一个在困难的时候丢下朋友不管的人没有什么好感。
◊Youcan’tresignnowandleaveusallinthelurch.Itwouldn’tbefair.你不能在这个时候辞职,抛下我们大家不管,这不够仗义。
◊Theywillnotleaveyouinthelurch.他们不会在你有困难时撇下不管的。
◊Billquithisjob,leavinghisbossinthelurch.比尔辞去了工作,使老板处境困难。
◊Hisadviserslefthiminthelurchwhenheneededthemthemost.
(3)leavesb/sthstanding(BrEinformal);leavesb/sthinthe'dust(AmEinformal)把…远远抛在后面;远远胜过[超过]--informaltobemuchbetter,quicker,moresuccessfuletcthansomeoneorsomethingelse;gofaraheadofsb,bemuchmoreadvancedthansb;leavesb/sthfarbehind:
Intermsoffitness,hediscoveredthatKatelefthimstanding.◊Hedidn’tknowmuchaboutfootball,buthisknowledgeofcricketleftusallstanding.他的足球知识并不多,但他的板球知识却远远超过我们。
◊Thecompanyhasleftitscompetitorsinthedust.◊Inthelocalelections,Jacksonwoneasily,leavingallothercandidatesinthedust.在当地选举中,杰克逊轻松取胜,把其他的候选人远远地甩在后面。
(4)leavesb(out)inthecold冷落某人,不理睬某人,把某人丢在一边
(5)leavesb/sthinsb’scare/charge把某人/某物留给某人照看[照管,照料;负责]:
Makesurethatyouleavethechildreninthecareofaveryresponsibleperson.你务必把孩子们交给一个非常负责的人照料。
◊Weleftthehouseinmymothers’chargewhilewewereaway.我们不在家时把房子交给我的母亲照看。
(6)leavesbinthedark[字面]使某人处在黑暗中;[比喻]使某人一无所知,把某人蒙在鼓里:
Thelightwentoutandleftusinthedark.灯熄了,我们处在黑暗之中。
Hesaidnothing,leavingmeinthedarkabouthisplans.他什么也没有说,我对他的计划一无所知.
(7)leavesthtochance/fate(不作为而)任…去自然发展[顺其自然];听天由命--nottrytochangethewaysomethingisdevelopingorhappening:
Youcan’tleaveyourwholefuturetochance,butmustworkhardinordertosucceed.你不能对你整个未来听天由命,而必须努力工作去争取成功。
◊Theyplannedforeverypossibilityandleftnothingtochance.◊Johnpreparedagainsteverycontingency,butrecognizedthatsomethingnustbelefttochance.约翰准备应付一切紧急情况,但意识到有些事只得顺其自然。
◊He'snotthesorttoleavethingstochance(=takenoactionandjustwaittoseewhathappens).
leavesbtoone'sfate--abandonsbtowhatevermayhappen—possiblydeathorsomeotherunpleasantevent:
Wecouldn'trescuetheminersandwereforcedtoleavethemtotheirfate.◊Pleasedon'ttrytohelp.Justgoawayandleavemetomyfate.
(8)leavesbtooneself/toone’sowndevices/resources听任某人自行其是;对某人不加干涉[控制]:
Ifsomeoneleavesyoutoyourowndevicesoryouarelefttoyourowndevices,youareallowedtodowhatyouwantorwhatyouareabletodowithoutbeingcontrolledorhelpedbyanyoneelse.◊Theyleftmetomyself.他们任我自由行动。
◊Lefttoitsowndevices,theschoolwouldacceptonlythemostadvancedstudents.◊Thestudentswerelefttotheirowndeviceswhentheteacherfailedtoappearontime.◊Membersofthepartywerelefttotheirowndevices.该党的成员不受任何管束。
(9)leave(alsotrust)sb/sthto(tender)themercy/merciesofsb/sth把某人/某物留在危险的环境中,使任由…摆布--leavesb/sthinasituationthatmaycausethemtosufferortobetreatedbadly:
Thesoldiershadnochoicebuttorunacrossopenfields,whichleftthemtothemercyofenemygunners.士兵们别无选择,只能跑着穿过开阔地,将自己暴露在敌人的火力之中。
Icanhardlyimagineanythingworsethanbeinglefttothetendermerciesofthatdreadfulwoman.听任那个可怕的女人的粗暴对待。
(10)leavesthoutofaccount/consideradon/reckoning对…不加考虑,没有考虑
比较:
takesthintoaccount/
consideradon把…考虑进去
Don’tleavethecostoutofconsideration.不要不考虑成本。
(11)leavesbwithnochoice/option让某人别无选择(=forcesbtotakeaparticularaction):
Youleavemewithnochoicebuttofireyou.◊Ihadnochoicebuttofireyou.
<二>[VN-ing]leave+sb/sth+现在分词
leavesb/sthdoingsth
Don'tleaveherwaitingoutsideintherain.别让她在外边雨里等着。
◊Don’tleavewaterrunningtocleanvegetables.洗菜时不要开着水龙头让水直淌。
◊Ilefttheenginerunning.◊Neverleavechildrenplayingnearwaterunattended.千万别让孩子们在没人照看的情况下在水边玩。
◊Weneverleaveanyfireburningatnight.夜里我们从不让炉火燃着。
◊SoIlefthimsleepingonthefloor.于是我让他睡在地板上。
◊SheleftmefeelingveryanxiousoverMissCathy.她让我很为卡西小姐着急。
Theywentofftogetherandleftmes
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