Executive Order 13526 of December 29.docx
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Executive Order 13526 of December 29.docx
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ExecutiveOrder13526ofDecember29
ExecutiveOrder13526ofDecember29,2009
TheWhiteHouse
OfficeofthePressSecretary
ForImmediateRelease
December29,2009
ExecutiveOrder-ClassifiedNationalSecurityInformation
Thisorderprescribesauniformsystemforclassifying,safeguarding,anddeclassifyingnationalsecurityinformation,includinginformationrelatingtodefenseagainsttransnationalterrorism. OurdemocraticprinciplesrequirethattheAmericanpeoplebeinformedoftheactivitiesoftheirGovernment. Also,ourNation'sprogressdependsonthefreeflowofinformationbothwithintheGovernmentandtotheAmericanpeople. Nevertheless,throughoutourhistory,thenationaldefensehasrequiredthatcertaininformationbemaintainedinconfidenceinordertoprotectourcitizens,ourdemocraticinstitutions,ourhomelandsecurity,andourinteractionswithforeignnations. ProtectinginformationcriticaltoourNation'ssecurityanddemonstratingourcommitmenttoopenGovernmentthroughaccurateandaccountableapplicationofclassificationstandardsandroutine,secure,andeffectivedeclassificationareequallyimportantpriorities.
NOW,THEREFORE,I,BARACKOBAMA,bytheauthorityvestedinmeasPresidentbytheConstitutionandthelawsoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,itisherebyorderedasfollows:
PART1--ORIGINALCLASSIFICATION
Section1.1. ClassificationStandards. (a) Informationmaybeoriginallyclassifiedunderthetermsofthisorderonlyifallofthefollowingconditionsaremet:
(1) anoriginalclassificationauthorityisclassifyingtheinformation;
(2) theinformationisownedby,producedbyorfor,orisunderthecontroloftheUnitedStatesGovernment;
(3) theinformationfallswithinoneormoreofthecategoriesofinformationlistedinsection1.4ofthisorder;and
(4) theoriginalclassificationauthoritydeterminesthattheunauthorizeddisclosureoftheinformationreasonablycouldbeexpectedtoresultindamagetothenationalsecurity,whichincludesdefenseagainsttransnationalterrorism,andtheoriginalclassificationauthorityisabletoidentifyordescribethedamage.
(b) Ifthereissignificantdoubtabouttheneedtoclassifyinformation,itshallnotbeclassified. Thisprovisiondoesnot:
(1) amplifyormodifythesubstantivecriteriaorproceduresforclassification;or
(2) createanysubstantiveorproceduralrightssubjecttojudicialreview.
(c) Classifiedinformationshallnotbedeclassifiedautomaticallyasaresultofanyunauthorizeddisclosureofidenticalorsimilarinformation.
(d) Theunauthorizeddisclosureofforeigngovernmentinformationispresumedtocausedamagetothenationalsecurity.
Sec.1.2. ClassificationLevels. (a) Informationmaybeclassifiedatoneofthefollowingthreelevels:
(1) "TopSecret"shallbeappliedtoinformation,theunauthorizeddisclosureofwhichreasonablycouldbeexpectedtocauseexceptionallygravedamagetothenationalsecuritythattheoriginalclassificationauthorityisabletoidentifyordescribe.
(2) "Secret"shallbeappliedtoinformation,theunauthorizeddisclosureofwhichreasonablycouldbeexpectedtocauseseriousdamagetothenationalsecuritythattheoriginalclassificationauthorityisabletoidentifyordescribe.
(3) "Confidential"shallbeappliedtoinformation,theunauthorizeddisclosureofwhichreasonablycouldbeexpectedtocausedamagetothenationalsecuritythattheoriginalclassificationauthorityisabletoidentifyordescribe.
(b) Exceptasotherwiseprovidedbystatute,noothertermsshallbeusedtoidentifyUnitedStatesclassifiedinformation.
(c) Ifthereissignificantdoubtabouttheappropriatelevelofclassification,itshallbeclassifiedatthelowerlevel.
Sec.1.3. ClassificationAuthority. (a) Theauthoritytoclassifyinformationoriginallymaybeexercisedonlyby:
(1) thePresidentandtheVicePresident;
(2) agencyheadsandofficialsdesignatedbythePresident;and
(3) UnitedStatesGovernmentofficialsdelegatedthisauthoritypursuanttoparagraph(c)ofthissection.
(b) Officialsauthorizedtoclassifyinformationataspecifiedlevelarealsoauthorizedtoclassifyinformationatalowerlevel.
(c) Delegationoforiginalclassificationauthority.
(1) Delegationsoforiginalclassificationauthorityshallbelimitedtotheminimumrequiredtoadministerthisorder. Agencyheadsareresponsibleforensuringthatdesignatedsubordinateofficialshaveademonstrableandcontinuingneedtoexercisethisauthority.
(2) "TopSecret"originalclassificationauthoritymaybedelegatedonlybythePresident,theVicePresident,oranagencyheadorofficialdesignatedpursuanttoparagraph(a)
(2)ofthissection.
(3) "Secret"or"Confidential"originalclassificationauthoritymaybedelegatedonlybythePresident,theVicePresident,anagencyheadorofficialdesignatedpursuanttoparagraph(a)
(2)ofthissection,orthesenioragencyofficialdesignated undersection5.4(d)ofthisorder,providedthatofficialhasbeendelegated"TopSecret"originalclassificationauthoritybytheagencyhead.
(4) Eachdelegationoforiginalclassificationauthorityshallbeinwritingandtheauthorityshallnotberedelegatedexceptasprovidedinthisorder. Eachdelegationshallidentifytheofficialbynameorposition.
(5) DelegationsoforiginalclassificationauthorityshallbereportedormadeavailablebynameorpositiontotheDirectoroftheInformationSecurityOversightOffice.
(d) Alloriginalclassificationauthoritiesmustreceivetraininginproperclassification(includingtheavoidanceofover-classification)anddeclassificationasprovidedinthisorderanditsimplementingdirectivesatleastonceacalendaryear. Suchtrainingmustincludeinstructiononthepropersafeguardingofclassifiedinformationandonthesanctionsinsection5.5ofthisorderthatmaybebroughtagainstanindividualwhofailstoclassifyinformationproperlyorprotectclassifiedinformationfromunauthorizeddisclosure. Originalclassificationauthoritieswhodonotreceivesuchmandatorytrainingatleastoncewithinacalendaryearshallhavetheirclassificationauthoritysuspendedbytheagencyheadorthesenioragencyofficialdesignatedundersection5.4(d)ofthisorderuntilsuchtraininghastakenplace. Awaivermaybegrantedbytheagencyhead,thedeputyagencyhead,orthesenioragencyofficialifanindividualisunabletoreceivesuchtrainingduetounavoidablecircumstances. Wheneverawaiverisgranted,theindividualshallreceivesuchtrainingassoonaspracticable.
(e) Exceptionalcases. Whenanemployee,governmentcontractor,licensee,certificateholder,orgranteeofanagencywhodoesnothaveoriginalclassificationauthorityoriginatesinformationbelievedbythatpersontorequireclassification,theinformationshallbeprotectedinamannerconsistentwiththisorderanditsimplementingdirectives. Theinformationshallbetransmittedpromptlyasprovidedunderthisorderoritsimplementingdirectivestotheagencythathasappropriatesubjectmatterinterestandclassificationauthoritywithrespecttothisinformation. Thatagencyshalldecidewithin30dayswhethertoclassifythisinformation.
Sec.1.4. ClassificationCategories. Informationshallnotbeconsideredforclassificationunlessitsunauthorizeddisclosurecouldreasonablybeexpectedtocauseidentifiableordescribabledamagetothenationalsecurityinaccordancewithsection1.2ofthisorder,anditpertainstooneormoreofthefollowing:
(a) militaryplans,weaponssystems,oroperations;
(b) foreigngovernmentinformation;
(c) intelligenceactivities(includingcovertaction),intelligencesourcesormethods,orcryptology;
(d) foreignrelationsorforeignactivitiesoftheUnitedStates,includingconfidentialsources;
(e) scientific,technological,oreconomicmattersrelatingtothenationalsecurity;
(f) UnitedStatesGovernmentprogramsforsafeguardingnuclearmaterialsorfacilities;
(g) vulnerabilitiesorcapabilitiesofsystems,installations,infrastructures,projects,plans,orprotectionservicesrelatingtothenationalsecurity;or
(h) thedevelopment,production,oruseofweaponsofmassdestruction.
Sec.1.5. DurationofClassification. (a) Atthetimeoforiginalclassification,theoriginalclassificationauthorityshallestablishaspecificdateoreventfordeclassificationbasedonthedurationofthenationalsecuritysensitivityoftheinformation. Uponreachingthedateorevent,theinformationshallbeautomaticallydeclassified. Exceptforinformationthatshouldclearlyanddemonstrablybeexpectedtorevealtheidentityofaconfidentialhumansourceorahumanintelligencesourceorkeydesignconceptsofweaponsofmassdestruction,thedateoreventshallnotexceedthetimeframeestablishedinparagraph(b)ofthissection.
(b) Iftheoriginalclassificationauthoritycannotdetermineanearlierspecificdateoreventfordeclassification,informationshallbemarkedfordeclassification10yearsfromthedateoftheoriginaldecision,unlesstheoriginalclassificationauthorityotherwisedeterminesthatthesensitivityoftheinformationrequiresthatitbemarkedfordeclassificationforupto25yearsfromthedateoftheoriginaldecision.
(c) Anoriginalclassificationauthoritymayextendthedurationofclassificationupto25yearsfromthedateoforiginofthedocument,changethelevelofclassification,orreclassifyspecificinformationonlywhenthestandardsandproceduresforclassifyinginformationunderthisorderarefollowed.
(d) Noinformationmayremainclassifiedindefinitely. Informationmarkedforanindefinitedurationofclassificationunderpre
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