定语从句语法 1.docx
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定语从句语法 1.docx
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定语从句语法1
个性化辅导教案
学员姓名:
年级:
___授课教师:
科目:
_英语__
上课时间:
3月3日14时至16时报读_课时剩余_课时
学科组长
教务主任
刘应雄
教学标题
定语从句
教学目标
掌握定语从句关系副词、关系代词用法
教学重难点
关系代词与关系副词
前次作业检查
授课内容:
定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任,修饰名词。
(以介词短语、分词为例)
例:
ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.
Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.
定语从句:
在英语中,修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
例:
ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.
Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasdrunk.
关系代词如何引导定语从句
普通代词与关系代词的区别
Ihaveasister.SheworksinShanghai.
代替sister
普通代词:
只起代替的作用(如上例she)
Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.
关系代词:
(如上例who/that)
1.代替先行词;2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;
3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。
(把主句和从句连起来)
Thebuilding_________isourschool.
Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.
Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.
先行词关系词定语从句
which/that是关系代词,它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语,也起连词的作用,把两个简单句连接起来。
关系代词的使用取决于先行词,它们的关系非常密切,因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词,所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后,而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。
关系词判断步骤:
首先,要看先行词。
如果先行词是指人,关系代词
可用who,that,whom,whose。
如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which或that;
然后,要确定关系词在从句中的成分。
请看下表
最后,定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.
注:
定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。
Thewomanwho/thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother.
(主句)Thewomanismymother.
(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)
(从句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.
(句中yesterday表示过去时间)
练习:
1.TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.
Theboy_____issmilingisTom.
2.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.
Theboy____________infrontofmeisTom.
详解:
关系代词:
1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)
Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.
Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.
2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)
Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.
ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.
3.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。
1)Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.
Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.
2)Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.
Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.
4.which指物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)
Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.
Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?
Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?
定语从句中需注意事项:
有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which
1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.
Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.
2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时
Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.
3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that
Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.
4.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时
Isittheonethatyouwant?
Ihaven’tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.
5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时,用that
注:
who、that在指人可以通用,但下列宜用who,不用that
1).先行词是anyone,someone,those时,关系词使用who
ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.
Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere?
2).在therebe句型中,先行词指人,关系词用who
Thereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.
Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.
Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?
关系副词:
关系副词是用来引导定语从句的,它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。
where:
在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.
when:
在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。
1.Thehotelwasn’tclean.+Westayedatthehotel.
Thehotelwherewestayedwasn’tclean.
Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.
Thehotel(which)westayedatwasn’tclean.
2.I’llneverforgettheday.IjoinedthePartyonthatday.
I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.
I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty.
(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.
ThescientistØwemetyesterdayisveryfamousintheworld.
who\whom\that
(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.
Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.which\Ø
(3)Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.
HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworked
who\with\whom\Ø
单项选择。
1.Thisisthejob______theylaughedat.
A.whichB.asC.itD.who
2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark____builtabout300yearsago.
A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where
3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman______atyesterday’smeeting?
A.wesawhimB.wesawC.wesawwhoD.shewasseen
4.Theman______ispaintingthehouseismyuncle.
A.heB.whomC.whoseD.who
5.Whatistheanimal______babyissleepinginitspocket?
A.whoB.whoseC.itsD.which
6.Thisbookisforthestudents______motherlanguageisn’tEnglish.
A.thatB.ofwhomC.whoseD.who’s
7.Therobbersshouted,“Handsup!
I’llshootanyone______moves!
”
A.whomB.thatC.whoD.whose
8.Thedictionary_____hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful.
A.whichB.forwhich
C.onwhichD.aboutwhich
9Theboy_____parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow.
A.whoseB.whoC.hisD./
10.Theman_______issmokingisabusdriver.
A.whomB.whoC.whichD.what
定语从句练习
1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.
A.thatB.w
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