上海中考英语专项冲刺专项四句型转换.docx
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上海中考英语专项冲刺专项四句型转换.docx
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上海中考英语专项冲刺专项四句型转换
上海中考英语专项冲刺专项四:
句型转换
----句型转换
【题型介绍】
题量总共7道,分值14分,每道题2分。
句型转换是要求学生根据所给的句型,按要求或提示完成考题,考查的是学生对句子结构的构成、变化等方面的知识以及对此类知识的运用能力。
该题型首先给出一个完整的句子,再给出一个含有几个空白处的句子,根据不同的要求填入适当的词完成句型转换。
句型转换涉及到语法知识的各个方面,在做这种题时,应注意时态、语态、人称、数的变化,特殊疑问词的用法,及助动词的用法等。
句型转换考题虽然包括各种句式,但通常以两种形式进行考查:
同义型句型转换和条件型句型转换。
【专题精讲】
(一).肯定句<--->否定句:
常考的考点:
have、do句型
提取助动词+动词原形 :
do/did/does+V原形
特例1:
现在完成时have/hasbeen-->have/hasnotbeen
1.Hehasbeenthere.(改否定句) He__________there.
2.JakehasalreadydownloadedmanyfreegamesfromtheAppstore.(改为否定句)
Jake________downloadedmanyfreegamesfromtheAppstore________.
hasn’tbeenhasn’tyet
特例2:
一般将来时willdo--->won’tdo
1.(13黄浦)Thecharityorganizationwillreceivesomemoneyfromthelocalgovernmentnextyear.(改为否定句)
Thecharityorganization_____receive_____moneyfromthelocalgovernmentnextyear.
won’tyet
特例3:
hadbetterdo--->hadbetternotdo (wouldrather(not)do)
(二).反意疑问句:
常考的考点:
带有否定副词的句子。
前肯后否,前否后肯。
1.信号词never,seldom,hardly,rarely,few/little功能上=not
2.注意用代词 Mr.Smithandhiswife用代词-->they
Herparentsseldomwenttowork,__________?
didthey
3. 注意句子的整体理解
(13闸北)Theytriedeverythingtheycouldtoimprovethesituation.(改为反意疑问句)
Theytriedeverythingtheycouldtoimprovethesituation,__________________?
didn’tthey
(三).主动语态变被动语态
常考的考点:
一.现、一.过、一将以及含有情态动词的被动语态。
be动词+动词〔P.P〕
情况1:
一.现:
am/is/are+V(P.P)
一.过:
was/were+V(P.P)
情况2〔有be〕:
一.将:
willbe+V(P.P)
情态动词:
can/may/must/shouldbe+V(P.P)
情况3:
现.完:
have/hasbeen+V(P.P)
注:
人称单复数变化!
!
(被动语态:
主语<—>宾语置换会导致单复数变化)
UncleTomgrowstomatoesinthefield.(改被动)
Tomatoes____________byUncleTominthefield.
aregrown
(四).同义句转换
常考的考点:
主要考考纲的近义短语、常用的初中重点句型。
1.表结果so….that+句子=too… (adj) to do
=not…(adj反义词)enoughtodo
Heissoweakthathecan’tplayfootball.
Heis___weak____playfootball.
Heisnot___________toplayfootball.
too,to;strong,enough
2.表目的soastodo=〔inorder〕todo=sothat+句子=inorderthat+句子
3.表原因because,becauseof
Theydidn’tgotothemuseumlastMonday.Itrainedhard.(保持句意基本意思)
Theydidn’tgotothemuseumlastMonday_______ _______theheavyrain.
becauseof
条件状从 if….not=unless如果不
Taketheunderground,oryouwillbelateforthelecture.保持句意基本不变〕
You__________belateforthelecture__________youtaketheunderground.
willunless
5.时间状从 not…until 直到......才
Thefiremenstoppedworkingwhenalltheworkersweresaved.(保持原句意思)金山2019年
Thefiremen________stopworking________alltheworkersweresaved.
didn’tuntil
★★★高频考点:
saysorryto=apologizeto道歉;
bemadeupof=consist(s)of 由。
。
。
组成
besidesA=inadditiontoA 除A以外〔还有〕
prefer(red〕AtoB=like(d)AbetterthanB 喜欢A胜过B
doharmto…=bebadfor… 对…有害
improvealot…=makeprogress…在…有进步(13徐汇)
escape=runaway逃跑; immediately=atonce立即
high=inheight EG:
Itis10metersinheight.拓展:
wide=inwidth;long=inlength
beheld=takeplace举办 whenhewasoversixty=inhissixties
Ithink…=Inmyopinion,…我认为
runoutof=useup用完
consider=thinkabout 考虑
sb.pays/paid$forsth.=sb.buys/boughtsthfor$=itcosts/costsb$
decidetodo=makeadecisiontodo
(五).对划线部分提问
常考的考点:
howlong/soon/far/often,howmuch/many的区别;Why/What/How的区别
★Howlong多长时间 信号词:
for+时间段;since+时间点(for10years,since2019)
★Howsoon多久 信号词:
in+时间段(in10days)
★Howoften&Howmanytimes表频率 信号词:
once,twice,>=3times,
特注:
当信号词是every2weeks等时,疑问词只能Howoften
★Howfar 多远距离 信号词:
meters,twohours’walk/ride
★Howold 历史多久 信号词:
hasahistoryofmorethan1000years
★Why 原因 信号词:
todo…,for+doing/名词
★How 方式 信号词:
bydoing…
Lisausedtoeatcandyallthetime.(对画线部分提问)
________________Lisausetodoallthetime?
Whatdid
(六).肯定句改为感叹句
常考的考点:
近年来考的较少,要求掌握How/What的修饰用法。
(七).两句子合并为一句,复合句变为简单句
常考的考点:
结构是状语从句,宾语从句的使用。
注意改写句子的细节问题。
1.Hedoesn’tdoA.HedoesB.---->HedoesBinsteadofdoingA
2.We… .Wecan….---->We…..sothatwecan….
3.Youcangotherebybus.Youcangotherebyunderground,too/instead.---->
Youcangothereeitherbybusorbyunderground.
eitheror(二选一〕
总结:
还有both…and….,neither…nor表达方式
简单句/不定式---->复合句/宾语从句
1.Thestudentsaskedmewhentohaveapicnic.
Thestudentsaskedme____________wouldhaveapicnic.
whenthey
2.BettytaughtmehowIcouldusethecomputertocontrolthemachine.〔改为简单句〕
Bettytaughtme_______ _______ thecomputertocontrolthemachine.
howto
宾语从句注意点:
1.从句用陈述句语序 2.主从句时态保持一致 3.代词合理变化
(13长宁)Frankaskedme,"Haveyouevercreatedacomicstrip?
"(改为宾语从句)
Frankaskedmewhether______________evercreatedacomicstrip.
Ihad
(13杨浦)‘Icanhelprepairthebike.’saidJerry.(改为宾语从句)
Jerrysaid________he_______helprepairthebike.
Ifcould
【专题过关】
Rewritethefollowingsentencesasrequired
1.Noneofyouwillgotonetbartoplaycomputergame.(改为反义疑问句)
Noneofyouwillgotonetbartoplaycomputergames,___________?
2.Ourgroupspenttwohourspreparingforourproject.(保持句意不变)
It_______ourgrouptwohoursto____forourproject.
3.〝Isthatbridgetheworld’slongestseabridge?
〞Cathyaskedme.(改为宾语从句)
Cathyaskedme______thatbridge_____theworld’slongestseabridge.
4.Thenewdictionarycostmefiftyyuan.(对划线部分提问)
How____________thenewdictionarycostyou?
5.Peopleshouldtakegoodcareoftheagedeverywhere.(改为被动语态)
Theagedshould________goodcareofeverywhere.
6.Pleasetelluswhatweshoulddotoprotectourenvironment.(改为简单句)
Pleasetellus_____________dotoprotectourenvironment.
7.Workharder,oryou‘llnotsucceedinyournewjob.(保持句意基本不变)
_____________workharder,you’llnotsucceedinyournewjob.
8.Maryhasherlunchatschooleveryweekday.(改为否定句)
Mary_____________herlunchatschooleveryweekday.
9.Welayonthefloorinsidetheroom.(改为一般疑问句)
_____you_____onthefloorinsidetheroom?
10.Daddidn’twatchTVontheEVEoftheSpringFestival.Heplayedcards(合并为一句)
DadplayedcardsontheEveoftheSpringFestival______________watchingTV.
11.ThecaseissoheavythatIcan’tmoveitoutoftheroomalone.(保持原句不变)
Thecaseis___heavy___metomoveoutoftheroomalone.
12.TheworldturnsitsattentiontotheWorldCupeveryfouryears.(对划线部分提问)
_____________doestheworldturnitsattentiontotheWorldCup?
Keys:
1.Willyou,2.Took,prepare3.If,was4.Muchdid5.Betaken6.whatto
7.Unlessyou8.Doesn’thave9.Did,lie10.Insteadof11.Too;for12.Howoften
Rewritethefollowingsentencesasrequired
1.Theboysaidsorrytotheoldlady.〔同意〕
Theyboy_________________theoldlady.
2.ThelecturewaskindofboringandIdidn’tenjoyit.〔同意〕
Thelecturewas______________boringandIdidn’tenjoyit.
3.Theboyaskedhisteacher,〝Doeswaterfreezesatzerodegree.〞〔改简单句〕
Theboyaskedhisteacher__________water_________atzerodegreeornot.
4.Therewasabeautysaloninthisneighborhood.〔同意〕
There_______________beabeautysaloninthisneighborhood.
5.SantoClaushidthepresentsinthelongstockingsonChristmasEve.(改被动)
Thepresents_______________inthelongstockingsonChristmasEve.
6.JohnvisitedShanghaiMuseumyesterday.(对划线部分提问)
___________didJohnvisityesterday?
7.Martinwasataxidriverfiveyeasago?
(对划线部分提问)
___________wasMartinfiveyearsago?
8.Jackboughtfivefishinthemarket.(对划线部分提问)
______________fishdidJackbuyinthemarket?
9.TheAfricanGhostFishdisappearedinablinkofaneye.(对划线部分提问)
______________didtheAfricanGhostFishdisappear?
10.ImetMichaelattheundergroundstationtheotherday.(对划线部分提问)
_______didyou________attheundergroundstationtheotherday?
11.Tomjumped1.3metersatthesportsmeeting.(对划线部分提问)
_______________didTomjumpatthesportsmeeting?
12.MarkTwain’sfunnystorymadeeveryoneintheroomlaugh.(改被动)
Everyoneintheroom__________________________byMarkTwain’sfunnystory.
Shewasaheavysmoker,butshehasgivenupsmokingnow.(同意)
She_______________smokes.
apologizedto2.abit3.whether,freezes4.usedto5.werehidden6.What7.What8.Howmany9.Howfast10.Whom,meet11.Howfar12.wasmadetolaugh13.nolonger
【学法提炼】
(一)了解改写句子出题方式,注意容易出错点。
(二)积累短语与词组。
(三)检查:
大些写、单复数、时态、拼写等。
【课后练习】
Rewritethesentencesasrequired〔按要求改写句子,每空格限填一词〕〔共14分〕
62.PeterleftShanghaiforLondontofurtherhisstudylastyear.(改为否定句)
Peter________________ShanghaiforLondontofurtherhisstudylastyear.
63.It’sabout3050kilometresfromShanghaitoBangkok.(对划线部分提问)
________________isitfromShanghaitoBangkok?
64.Mysisterisn’toldenoughtotakecareofherself.(保持句意基本不变〕
Mysisteris________________totakecareofherself.
65.Thesong〝Californiagirls〞isverypopularamongthestudents.(改为感叹句)
________________thesong〝Californiagirls〞isamongthestudents!
66.Ican’tdecidewhichseattotake.(保持句意基本不变〕
Ican’tdecidewhichseat________________take.
67.〝Shehaspromisedtoattendtheparty.〞Tomsaid.(保持句意基本不变)
Tomsaidthatshe________________toattendtheparty.
68.downyoumindthemusicwouldturning(连词成句)
Keys:
62.didn’tleave 63.Howfar 64.tooyoung 65.Howpopular 66.Ishould
67.hadpromised
Rewritethefollowingsentencesasrequired(根据所给要求,改写以下句子。
每空格限填一词)〔共14分〕
Wehavealreadyswepttheclassroom.(改为一般疑问句)
youswepttheclassroom?
Lethervisittheunderwaterhotelinsteadofyou.(改为反意疑问句)
Lethervisittheunderwaterhotelinsteadofyou,?
Becareful,oryouwillmakethesamemistakeagain.(保持原句意思)
youcareful,yo
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