北师大版高中英语选修八Unit 22《Environmental Protection》The Twelfth Period教案.docx
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北师大版高中英语选修八Unit 22《Environmental Protection》The Twelfth Period教案.docx
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北师大版高中英语选修八Unit22《EnvironmentalProtection》TheTwelfthPeriod教案
2019-2020年北师大版高中英语选修八Unit22《EnvironmentalProtection》(TheTwelfthPeriod)教案
Teachinggoals教学目标
Exchangetheinformationoftheworstdisastersinhistory.
FinishUnitDiary.
1.Abilitygoals能力目标
Enablethestudentstowriteaboutwhattheyknowonboard.
2.Learningabilitygoals.学能目标
Helpthestudentslearnhowtoassesstheirlearningovertheunit.
Teachingimportantpoints教学重点
HelpstudentstoformgoodhabitsoflearningEnglish.
Teachingdifficultpoints教学难点
Howtoimprovestudents’learningstrategies
Teachingmethods教学方法
Reading,discussingandsummarizing
Teachingaids教具准备
Multi-computer
Teachingprocedures&ways过程与方式
StepIRevision
Checkthehomework.Pointoutthecommonerrorsstudentshavemade.
StepIIAwareness
AskstudentstoreadthethreedisastersonPage17.Thentheywilldiscussingroups.Eachmemberwillspeakoutwhattheyknowabouttheworstdisasters.Aftertheydiscusswhattheworstdisastersinhistoryareingroups,eachofthemwillwritewhatheorsheknowsonboard.Thewholeclasswillexchangetheirinformation.IfstudentshaveanaccesstotheInternet,theymayfindwhattheyneedeasily.Iftheydon’t,Teachermayprovidesome.
Tangshan:
TheDeadliestEarthquake
At3:
42a.m.onJuly28,1976,amagnitude7.8earthquakehitthesleepingcityofTangshan,innortheasternChina.Thever
ylargeearthquake,strikinganareawhereitwastotallyunexpected,
obliteratedthecityofTangshanandkilledover240,000people—makingitthedeadliestearthquakeofthetwentiethcentury.
Whatwasthebiggestearthquakeever?
Thebiggestearthquakeknowninhistoricaltimesoccurredon22May1960inChile,withamagnitudeMwof9.5.ItoccurredbecauseofaruptureintheEarth'scrustthatextendedhorizontallyabout1000kmalongthecoastofSouthAmerica;insomeplacesthisquakecausedverticalupliftsaslargeassixmeters.Thesecondbiggestearthquakeknown,withamagnitudeof9.2,occurredinAlaskaon27March1964;ithadarupturelengthof800km,andcausedasmuchas11metersofuplift.
TheoreticalcalculationssuggestthattheseearthquakesarejustaboutaslargeaspossibleforplanetEarth.Supposeahypotheticalearthquakerupturestheentire100kmthicknessoftherigidtectonicplates,andsupposethisruptureextendsalongafaultwithlength1000kmwithanaverageslipof10meters.Calculationsshowthatthishypotheticalearthquakewouldhaveamagnitudeofabout9.3.Largerearthquakeswouldhav
etoruptureanevenlongerfaultwithanevengreateraverageslip;apparentlythisjustdoesn'thappen.
Whatwasthemostdeadlyearthquakeever?
The27July1976earthquakeinTangshan,China(MS=7.9)causedthegreatestnumberofdeathsofanyrecentquakeknown;themostreliableestimatesarethatabout242,000liveswerelost.Tangshanhadapre-quakepopulationofaboutamillionpeople;themainindustryismining.OnereasonthedeathtollwassohighisbecausemostofthestructuresinTangshanweremultiple-story,unreinforcedbrickandconcretebuildings.
Estimatesoflossoflifefromtheworstearthquakedisastersareveryunreliable;understandably,whentensofthousandsofpeoplearedeadandmostbuildingsareinruins,therearemoreimportantthingstodothantocountbodies.However,therehavebeenaboutfivequakesinthetwentiethcenturywherereportsofliveslostexceeded100,000.MostexpertsacceptthatthemostdeadlyearthquakeinhistoricaltimesoccurredinShanxiProvince,Chinain1556;about830,000liveswerelost.
StepIIIUnitDiary
Getstudentstoassesstheirlearningovertheunit.BycompletingUnitDiarystudentswilllearnwhattheirdifficultyisandwhattheyshoulddotoimprove.
StepIVHomework
PostyourviewonhowtoEnglishwellontheBulletinBoard.
附件
I.本单元课文注释与疑难解析
1.Inthelastfewdecades,scientistshavereachedconsensusandreportedthathumanbeingsarecausingchangesintheEarth’sclimate—somethingpreviouslyseenasbeyondourcontrol.
在过去几十年里,科学家一致认为,人类一直在影响地球气候的变化,——这是一种原来被认为是人类所不能控制的现象。
consensus:
n.ageneralagreementamongthemembersofagivengrouporcommunity一致,合意,交感
consensuspolitics代表多数人意见的政纲;
consensusmanagement代表民意的管理
Thereisbroadconsensus(ofopinion)inthecountryonthisissue.对这一问题举国上下(舆论)普遍一致.
Thetwopartieshavereachedaconsensus.这两个政党达成了一致意见。
“beyond+名词”结构,“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。
常见的有:
beyondbelief(令人难以置信),beyondone’sreach(鞭长莫及),beyondone’scontrol(无法控制),beyondourhope(始料不及)
Theresultshavegonebeyondourhopes.结果超出了我们的期望。
2.Lookingahead,scientistsbelievethatglobalwarmingcouldbeoneofthebiggestenvironmentalproblemsfacingthe21stcentury.展望未来,科学家们相信,全球变暖可能是21世纪面对的最大的环境问题之一。
lookingahead是现在分词短语,在句中做状语。
lookahead:
往前看;考虑未来
Lookahead!
Whatcanyouseeonthetopofthehill?
向前看!
你看见山顶上有什么东西?
Ilookahead,andbeforemerisethefantastictowersofNewYork,acitythatseemstohavesteppedfromthepagesofafairystory.我放眼望去,纽约的高楼大厦在我前面升起,似乎是从童话故事的篇章中出现的一座城市。
Lookaheadinthedistance,andyoucanseethelightsofthevillage.你往远处看,便可以看见村庄里的灯光。
Haveyoulookedaheadtowhatyou'llbedoinginfiveyears'time?
你是否想过五年后你要做些什么?
现在分词短语facingthe21stcentury做定语,修饰名词problems,相当于定于从句which/thatwouldface21stcentury.
3.Thiscatastropheisstillveryfreshinthemindsofpeopleworldwidewhohavenotyetgotovertheirseparationfromlovedoneslostinthetsunami.那些在海啸中痛失亲人的人们对这次浩劫仍然记忆犹新。
freshinthemind历历在目,记忆犹新
Theseriesofexplosionsarestillfreshinourmind.系列爆炸仍历历在目。
Thememoryofaremotedayisstillfreshinmymind.很久以前的事,我仍然记忆犹新。
whohavenotyetgotovertheirseparationfromlovedoneslostinthetsunami是定语从句,修饰名词people。
getover从(疾病、失望等)中恢复过来,克服(困难等)
Hehasgotoverthelanguagebarrier.他已克服了语言障碍。
Ican'tgetoverhowrudeshewas.她很粗野,我仍心有余悸.
Hewasdisappointedatnotgettingthejob,buthe'llgetoverit.他因没有得到那份工作而大失所望,不过他能想得开。
lostinthetsunami过去分词做定语修饰代词lovedones,相当于定语从句whowere/gotlostinthetsunami。
Customersvoluntarilypaytopurchasetheirgoodsorservices.
Theyareabletogivethebuyerwhatheorshewantsatthelowestcostpossible(whilestillmakingaprofit).
Theywillnottakeonunprofitableactivities.
Government:
Itprovidespublicgoods,orservicesthatareneededbythepublic(nationaldefense,parks,etc.).
Itcanregulatetheforprofitfirms(e.g.,trust-busting,environmentalrequirements,etc.).
Itcancontrolareasofsocietythroughtaxes/fees(e.g.,publicschoolsreceivefundingthroughtaxes).
Itsfocusshouldbeonservingtheneedsofthenationandthepeople.
NonprofitOrganizations:
Theycanprovidepublicgoodsorservicesneededbythepublic.
Theycanprovideprivategoods.
Theseorganizationsreceivetrustfromthosereceivingtheserviceandthosesupportingtheservice.
Fundingcomesfromvoluntarygivingoftheirsupportersorgrantfunding.
Theirmainfocusistoaccomplishorganizationalgoalsandbreakevenwithmoneycominginbutnoprofit.
GlobalWarmingQ&A
1.Whatcausesglobalwarming?
Isitpartofanaturalcycle?
Answer:
Globalwarmingiscausedbythebuildupofgasesintheatmospheresuchascarbondioxideandmethane,whichformasortofblanketovertheEarth,trappinginheatthatwouldnormallyescapetheatmosphere.Theleadinggreenhousegasiscarbondioxide,apollutantemittedfromtheburningoffossilfuels,suchascoal,oil,andnaturalhas.Whileitistruethattherehasalwaysbeensomenaturalclimatevariability,thechangesthatarecurrentlyunderwayareunlikeanythingthathasbeenseenbefore.Recordlevelsofcarbondioxidearehavingafarreachingchangeoverourweather,sealevels,andclimate.
2.HowcanGlobalWarmingaffectourlives?
Answer:
Globalwarmingissometimesreferredtoasthemostdangerousexperimenteverconceived.Wedonotknowwhatthefullaffectofradicalclimatechangewillbeonourenvironment,butwedoknowthatevenamodestriseof2°-3°F(1.1°-1.7°C)couldhavedramaticeffects.Inthelast10,000years,theEarth'saveragetemperaturehasn'tvariedbymorethan1.8°F(1.0°C).Temperaturesonly5°-9°FcoolerthanthosetodayprevailedattheendofthelastIceAge,inwhichtheNortheastUnitedStateswascoveredbymorethan3,000feetofice.Leadingscientistsassertthatariseof3degreeswouldcausefamineanddroughtandthreatenmillionsoflives.Itwouldalsocauseaworldwidedropincropsofbetween20and400milliontons,threatening400millionmorepeoplewithfamine,andputupto3billionpeopleatriskoffloodingandwithoutaccesstofreshwatersupplies.Fewecosystemscouldadapttosuchadramatictemperaturechange,resultinginthedestructionofhalftheworld'snaturereservesandafifthofcoastalwetlands.Globalsealevelscouldrisebymorethan20feetiftheiceshelvesinGreenlandandAntarcticacollapsed,whichisadistinctpossibilityiftemperaturescontinuetoclimb.Droughtsandwildfireswilloccurmoreoften.Morethanamillionspeciesworldwidecouldbedriventoextinctionby2050.
3.Doestheriseintheearth’stemperaturecausemoreintensestorms/hurricanes/tornadoshereintheUS?
Ifso,how?
Answer:
Whileitisimpossibletoblameanysingleeventonglobalwarming,thereareseveralreasonstobelievethatglobalwarmingwillcreatemoreintensestorms.Hurricanesarepoweredbywarmwateronthesurfaceoftheocean.Asglobalwarmingheatsthesurfaceofthewater,hurricaneswillincreaseinspeed,power,andfrequency.Tornadoesarecausedbyrapidlyrisingamountsofheatfromthelowerareasoftheatmospheretohigherportionsofthesky.Whilescientistsareag
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