外研英语选修七语言点整理.docx
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外研英语选修七语言点整理.docx
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外研英语选修七语言点整理
Module1Basketball
一、重难点单词与短语
1.abruptadj.
(1)意外的,突然的:
e.g.anabruptchangeintheweather
(2)无理的,唐突的
e.g.Hehasanabruptmanner.
(3)陡的,险峻的;急转的
e.g.anabrupthill
anabruptturn
词性变化:
abruptlyadv.突然地,唐突地
abruptnessn.突然,唐突;(举止,言谈等的)粗鲁无理
2.absorbv.
(1)吸收(液体);承受;承担
e.g.absorbmoisturefromtheair
Wewillnotabsorbthesecharges.
(2)吸取(知识);占有
e.g.Theboyabsorbsnewknowledgequickly.
=Theboyabsorbsintonewknowledgequickly.
=Theboytakesinnewknowledgequickly.
Thisjobabsorbsallofmytime.
注意:
absorbin的意思是“吸引,专心于”,absorbinto才是“吸收”。
(3)吸引;使专心;使全神贯注
e.g.toabsorbinstudy
Thewriterwasabsorbedinhiswritingthatheforgottoflicktheashesfromhiscigar.
beabsorbedin全神贯注在……,一心从事,热衷于
拓展:
“全神贯注,专心”的表达方法:
①belostin/loseoneselfin全神贯注于;沉湎于
e.g.Shelostherselfinthebook.
②bury(oneself)in埋头于;专心于
e.g.Heburiedhimselfinhiswork.
③concentrate/focus(…)on集中在;专心于
e.g.Youmusttrytofocusyourmindonworkandstudy.
Adrivershouldconcentrateontheroadwhendriving.
(4)并吞;兼并
e.g.toabsorbthesmallstates
Inthepast10years,thecompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedallitssmallerrivals.
3.apologize/apologisev.道歉,辩白
常见搭配:
apologizetosb.
apologizetosb.forsth.
apologizetosb.fordoingsth.
apologizeforoneself
e.g.Ihavecometoapologizetoyou.
Iapologizedtoherforsteppingonherfoot.
Imustapologizetoyouforbeinglate.
Heapologizedforhavingtoleaveearly.
词性变化:
apologyn.道歉;辩解;辩护
make/offeranapologytosb.for(doing)sth.
4.appointvt. 任命,委派
e.g.ThePresidentappointedanewcabinetmember.
Wemustappointanewteacheratoncetothemountainschool.
习惯用法:
(1)appointsb.(tobe)+职务或appointsb.as+职务:
任命某人为……
(tobe可以省略;注意职务前不加任何冠词。
)
e.g.appointsb.toapost派某人任某职
(2)appoint(+时间、地点等)todo:
指定或约定做某事
e.g.toappointatimeforthemeeting
Theyappointedaplacetoexchangestamps.
辨析:
appoint,name和assign
appoint指官方委任。
e.g.Hewasappointedasexportmanagerofthefirm.
Hewasappointedmayorofthecity.
name提名,指定(非正式用语,一般不强调被推选的职务)
e.g.Sincenoonehasvolunteered,Iherebynamethefollowingtotakechargeofthematter.
assign委派,分配(一般不涉及职位)
e.g.Hewasassignedanimportantmission.
派生词:
appointmentn. 约会,安排
appointeen. 被任命者
appointern. 任命者
disappointvt.使……失望
disappointedadj.失望的
disappointingadj.令人失望的
disappointmentn.失望;令人失望的人
5.confirmv.
(1)证实,进一步确定
e.g.Theexpressiononherfaceconfirmedourworstfears.
(2)批准
e.g.Whendoyouthinkthepresidentwillconfirmyouinoffice?
6.attendv.
(1)attend作及物动词,意为“出席、参加”(=bepresentatorgoto)。
e.g.Didyouattendtheconcertlastnight?
Sheattendschurcheveryday.
注:
attend主要用来表示参加或出席会议、听课、上学或看演出等,成为这一集体活动的一名听众或观众。
(2)attend作及物动词,意为“护理、照料”(=lookafter,treat)。
e.g.Shehadtostayathometoattendhersickmother.
Thedoctorhasmanypatientstoattendeveryday.
(3)attend作不及物动词,意为“注意、倾听”(=payattentionto),这时常与介词to连用。
e.g.PleaseattendtowhatI’mgoingtosay.
7.basisn.基础;根据;主要部分
e.g.Whatisthebasisofyouropinion?
Don’tevaluateapersononthebasisofappearance.
Thebasisofthisdrinkisorangejuice.
辨析:
base与basis
这两个词在作名词时可表示“基础;基地”,但其意义是不同的。
base用来指某物体的具体“基础”或底部的“支柱”。
e.g.Wecampedatthebaseofthemountain.
Ourcompany’sbaseisinNewYork,butwehaveextendedmanybranchesallaroundtheworld.
而basis则用来表示抽象意义上的“基础”,常用于比喻句。
e.g.What’sthebasisofyouropinion?
Wearewillingtodevelopeconomicrelationswithallcountriesonthebasisofmutualbenefits.
习惯用语:
onafifty-fiftybasis对等地(平分)
on...basis(=onthebasisof)以……为根据,在……基础上
providea...basisfor为……提供……根据
8.average
(1)average作名词,表示“平均”。
e.g.Theaverageof4,5and9is6.
Parentsspendanaverageof$220ayearontoysfortheirchildren.
Thelivingstandardofthepeoplethereisabovetheaverage.
常见短语:
onaverage平均
e.g.Afterhebecamefamous,hereceived50lettersadayonaverage.
Wefailonestudentperyearonaverage.
(2)average作形容词,表示“平均的”。
e.g.Theaverageageofthestudentsinourclassisseventeen.
9.berudetosb.对人很粗鲁,对某人粗暴无礼
e.g.Hewaspunishedbecausehewasrudetohisteacher.
Ifyouarerudetotheboss,youwilllosechancesofsuccess.
反义:
befriendly/good/kindtosb.对……友好
10.attract/drawsb.’sattention引起某人的注意,使某人注意
常见attention短语:
attract/drawsb’sattentionto将某人的注意力吸引到……上去
payattentionto/giveone’sattentionto注意……
callsb.’sattentionto叫某人注意……
bringsth.tosb.’sattention使某人注意……
turnsb.’sattentionto把注意力转到……
fix/focus/hold/centersb.’sattentiononsth.把注意力集中在……
e.g.Weshouldpayattentiontostateaffairs.
Giveyourwholeattentiontowhatyouaredoing.
Shedrewmyattentiontoamistakeinthereport.
Sheturnedherattentiontoanewproblem.
11.ifnecessary如必要的话
当从句是由“引导词十itis/itwas+adj.”这一结构时,可将itis或itwas省略,类似的说法有whennecessary,whenpossible,ifpossible等。
e.g.Ifnecessary,we’lltryourbesttohelpyou.(=Ifitisnecessary,…)
Ifnecessary,weshallsendatelegramhome.
Thisdifficultymustbeavoidedifpossible.
12.takepossessionof占有,占领
e.g.Thearmytookpossessionofthisareatwohoursago.
Theoldcoupletookpossessionofthehouse30yearsago.
Hetookpossessionofthiscarlastyear.
拓展:
(sb.be)inpossessionofsth.某人占有/拥有
e.g.Whoisinpossessionoftheproperty?
Heisinpossessionofthishouse.
Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.
Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.
inthepossessionof=insb.’spossession某物/某人被某人所占
e.g.Thatislandwasinthepossessionofthatcountrylateinthesixteenthcentury.
Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession/inthepossessionofme.
Mybrotherisinpossessionofallthebusiness.
=Allthebusinessisinthepossessionofmybrother.
二、句子解析
1.MichaelJordanwasthesecondplayertoscoremorethan3,000pointsinaseason.
thefirst/second/third…lasttodo…意为“第一/二/三……最后一个做……的人”。
英语中,常在序数词后用不定式结构来指“第几个做某事的人”。
e.g.Tomisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.
Chinawasoneofthefirstcountriesintheworldtostudythescienceoffarming.
Alicewasthefirsttoarrive.
2.Atonepoint,Chamberlainwassomuchbetterthanalltheotherplayersthattheychangedtherulesofthegametotrytostophim.
(1)atonepoint意为“一度,曾今”。
e.g.MyfriendandIsawafilmyesterdayandatonepointshewasmovedtotears.
(2)本句中的so…that…意为“如此……以致……”,引导结果状语从句,可用于以下句型:
①so+adj./adv.+that…
②so+adj.+a/an+单数名词+that…
e.g.Itissobeautifulabikethatwealllikeit.
提醒:
不可说:
Itisasobeautifulbikethatwealllikeit.
拓展:
“如此……以致……”句型也可用such表达,可用以下句型:
①sucha/an+单数名词+that…
②such+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词+that…
e.g.Thebikeissobeautifulthatwealllikeit.
=Itissuchabeautifulbikethatwealllikeit.
注意:
英语中象too,as,so,that等词与形容词一起修饰单数可数名词时,应该用句型too/as/so/that+adj.+a/an+n.结构。
(3)句中much修饰形容词比较级better,much,rather,alot,agreatdeal,far,byfar,notalittle等修饰比较级表示“……得多”。
e.g.Thiskindofpaperwasassoftaslight,butmuchlessexpensive.
Thishatisrathermoreexpensivethanthat.
JackisalottallerthanLucy.
Thisvillageisagreatdealricherthanthatone.
Theyneedfarmoremoneythanwedo.
Tomisbyfartheclevererofthetwo.
注意:
①用byfar修饰比较级时比较级前应有定冠词the。
②much修饰比较级,more用于多音节词或部分双音节词前构成比较级。
③very不能修饰比较级。
④rather可修饰比较级,fairly却不可。
⑤alot,agreatdeal修饰比较级时表示程度,词组中不带of。
3.ThegiantplayertheNBA’sPhiladelphiaWarriorsinthe1959-1960seasonandwasanimmediatesuccess.
success在这里作可数名词(抽象名词具体化),意为“成功的人或事”。
e.g.Hewasnotasuccessasateacher.
Theconferencewasasuccess.
抽象名词一般是不可数名词,但有些抽象名词可以具体化,用作可数名词,表示“……的人/事”。
类似的词有:
surprise,pity等,但fun作“开心的人或事”仍是不可数名词。
4.Butthereisnodoubtthathedeservesthetitle“outstandingplayerofhisgeneration”.
doubt用在否定句中,后面接that引导的同位语从句。
e.g.Ihavenodoubtthathewillsucceed.
Thereisnodoubtthattheywillagreewithyouonthismatter.
Thereisnodoubtthatheisguilty.
doubt用作名词常与about/of/asto/on等介词连用。
e.g.Thereisnodoubtaboutit.
Ihavenodoubtofhisability.
Shehasherdoubtsastothisbeingtrue.
Noonehasanydoubtonthispoint.。
三、典型例题讲解
1.—Howaboutputtingsomepicturesintothereport?
—________Apictureisworthathousandwords.(江苏卷)
A.Noway. B.Whynot?
C.Allright?
D.Nomatter.
答案:
B
2.—Imustapologize____youknowaheadoftime.
—That’sallright.
A.forlettingnot B.fornotletting
C.tolet D.nottolet
答案:
B
选择题:
1.Mr.Greenhasrecentlybeen____ofthecompany.
A.appointedtopresident B.appointedpresident
C.appointedapresident D.appointedthepresident
2.Trytoexplainthisnewtheoryandgiveactualexamples_____.
A.ifitneeded B.whennecessary
C.wheretheyarepossible D.whenyouarepossible
3.Youwillsoon_____it.
A.beusedto B.usedto
C.useto D.beuseto
4.Thegirldidn’tevenlookup,allherattentionwas__________ontheprettydoll.
A.paid B.given
C.drawn D.fixed
5.Thepartywas_____success.Wesanganddanceduntilitcameto______endatmidnight.
A.a;an B.a;the
C.the;an D./;an
6.Myfatherwasamongthefirstpeople______tothewest.
A.going B.togo
C.gone D.havinggone
7.Greatattentionmustbepaid_________education,especiallyinthecountryside.
A.develop B.todevelop
C.todeveloping D.developing
8.一Howaretheteamplaying?
—They’replayingwell,butoneofthem_____hurt.
A.got B.gets
C.are D.were
9.Theboyusedtobegood.Weare____aboutwhyhehaschangedthatmuch.
A.worried B.pleas
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