美国最杰出的10个总统.docx
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美国最杰出的10个总统.docx
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美国最杰出的10个总统
美国最杰出的10个总统
Top10OutstandingUSPresidents
10.JohnF.Kennedy
1961-1963
JohnF.Kennedywasonecharismaticpresident.Hebroughtmanyteachers,writers,scientistsanddifferentintellectualsintothegovernment.Hisinauguralspeechwasoneofthemoderngreatsashecalledforservicetohiscountrymen.HeestablishedthePeaceCorpsinordertohelptheundevelopednationsandwasverydevotedtoworkinghardfornewcivilrightslaws.Hewantedtoimprovehiscountry’srelationwiththethenSovietUnionbutitwastonoavailastheallpowerfulcongressthoughtotherwise.ThisbecamefurtherunrealisticwhentheRussiansstartedtosendmissilestoCuba.ThisbroughtthetwocountriestothevergeofwarbutKennedywasdeterminedtoavoiditatallcostanddiffusedallthetensionsbrilliantly.Hehadthepowertoinspireandconsideringthatheonlyservedasthepresidentforabriefstintofabouttwoyearsbeforebeingassassinated,heachievedalot.
9.AndrewJackson
1829-1837
AndrewJacksonwasafearlesspresidentrightfromthebeginning.Heeasilywasthebestpresidentevertoservethearmy-goingwellpasttheexcellenceofGeorgeWashington,smashingtheBritishinthewarof1812andthenplayingtheparamountroleintakingFloridafromSpain.Soduringhispresidencytherewasnoshortageofcourageashedemonstratedhowgreatarolethepresidenthadtoplay,byundertakingtheresponsibilityofgettingpeoplethelawstheywantedinsteadofleavingeverythinguptotheCongress.TheTariffactwaspassedin1832,whichwouldbesignificanttoAmerica’seconomyforever.WhenNorthCarolinahadotheropinionsabouttheact,Jacksonmadeitclearthatnostatehadtherighttobreaknationallawsandthreatenedtousethearmyifnecessarytosavetheunion.Heprovedtoostrongandacompromisewasworkedout.
8.JamesMonroe
1817-1825
JamesMonroe’spresidencybecameknownastheeraofgoodfeeling.Hetooktripsaroundthecountrytoknowmoreaboutwhatwasgoingoninthemindsofpeopleandwhattheywanted.HesettledtensionsbetweenEnglandandAmericabycomingtoanagreementofreducingthenumberofshipspresentinthegreatlakeswhichtriggeredawaveoffriendlycooperationandpeacefulnegotiationswhichstillexiststodaybetweenthecountriesofAmerica,EnglandandFrance.HeavoidedwarrathermagnanimouslyandonlywantedFloridaandnomoreandtookiteffortlesslyfromSpainbyusingminimumforce.TheMissouricompromisewassignedwhichallowedMissouritobeaslavestatebutmakesurethatallfurtherstatesupnorthwouldbenonslaverystates.HealsosignedandensuredtheMonroeDoctrinewhichforbadeallEuropeancountriesmakingnewcoloniesintheAmericas.
7.ThomasJefferson
1801-1809
ThomasJeffersoncaredpassionatelyabouthiscountryandputtheinterestsofthepeoplebeforehis.Hecutdownonthearmyandthenavyashethoughtthatacountryshouldberuncheaplyaspossiblesotherewouldalwaysbemoneyforbiggerdevelopmentswhentheneedcame.HewassuccessfulinbuyingfromFrancethewholeLouisianaterritory,stretchingfromtheMississippirivertotheRockyMountainsandhenceforthdoubledthesizeofhiscountry.WhentherewasathreatfromtheBarbarypiratesbasedinAfrica,heutilizedhisnavytoattackthesepirateswhichonceagainensuredthesmoothflowofAmericanshipsthroughtheMediterraneanSea.Hewasonverygoodtermswiththepeopleandmostlylikelywouldhavebeenreelected;insteadhesteppeddownaspresident,believingthatnooneshouldrunformorethantwotermsfordemocracytobesustainedinthelandofthefree.
6.GroverCleveland
1885-1889and1893-1897
GroverClevelandwasatremendouslyhardworkingpresident.Hebegantoreformthefederalgovernmentandatthesameimprovedcivilservicetogetbetterworkers.Heforcedtherailroadstoreturn81millionacresofgovernmentwhichtheyhadtakenillegally.Hetookcaretoscrutinizeeverybillthecongresspassedandvetoedmanyofthemwhichhethoughtweren’tbeneficialtohiscountrymen.Asheworkedsoferventlyheneverturnedadeafeartoanyoneofthecountry’sproblemsandevenboostedthenavybygettingthemthebestships.WhenarailroadstrikeinChicagointerferedwiththemailhesentthefederaltroopsatoncetoclearupthematter.Hetotallyimbuedhisvirtuesofhardworkandhonestyintothefederalgovernmentwhichindeedmadeitveryefficientandalsogainedconfidencefromthepeople.ClevelandreallyisthemostunderratedpresidenteverinUnitedStateshistory.
5.TheodoreRoosevelt
1901-1909
TheodoreRooseveltbecametheyoungesteverpresidentwhenhetooktheoathandhebroughthisexuberanceintotheofficeasexpected.Hecontrolledtrustssothatsmallbusinessesandworkerswerenotexploited.Hewantedeveryonetohaveasquaredealwhichwaseponymoustohisadministration’sname.Hegotcongresstopasslawswhichprotectedthepeoplefromimpurefoodanddrugsandforcedtheownersofthecoalminesduringthattimetopaybetterwagestoitslaborers.HeisrecognizedashavingdonemorethananyotherpresidenttosavethenaturalresourcesofUSA.Rooseveltestablishednationalparksandmorethan125millionacresofnationalforests.Afirmbelieverinhavingastrongnavy,healsogotcongresstobuildnewbattleshipsandcruisers.ItwasfortheobjectivethatthenavycouldmoveeasilyfromoneoceantotheotherandalsofortradepurposesthathebuiltthePanamaCanal.
4.JamesKnoxPolk
1845-1849
JamesPolkwasoneofthefewpresidentswhomadehisagendaclearandactuallywentontoaccomplisheveryoneofhispreplannedgoals.Underhimthecongresspassedlawstosetupanationaltreasuryandtolowerthetariff,justashehadsaidhewantedto.HeavoidedwarwithEnglandandsplittheOregonterritorybetweentheU.SandCanadawhichremainsthepresentdayborder.DespitehavingsettledtheOregonissuesopeacefully,thesameprovedmoredifficultinthecaseofCalifornia.Mexicanswouldn’tselltheirlandandtherevolutionshetriedtostirupthereallfailed.Buthecouldn’tletthislastpromiseofbringingCaliforniaundertheunionfallapartsohepersevered.SlowlyoverthecourseofthenextfewmonthshebulliedMexicointoawaritdidn’twanttofight.AmericawonandtooknotonlyCaliforniabutwhatisnowallofNevadaandpartsofUtah,ArizonaandNewMexico.
3.FranklinDelanoRoosevelt
1933-1945
FDRwasfacedwiththeimmediateproblemofdepressionassoonashisarrivaltotheovaloffice.Hedeclaredbankholidayswhichclosedallbanks;theywerethenopenedafewatatimewithgovernmenthelp.Hegotcongresstopasslawswhichhelpedfarmers,smallbusinessesandpeoplewhowereabouttolosetheirhomesduringthattime.HekeptmovingonwithhissocialreformswhichchangedthecourseofAmericangovernment.Justwhenthingsstartedtoreturnbacktonormalandthepeoplegrewinconfidence,WorldWar2commenced.HewantedthealliestowintoprotectdemocracyallovertheworldandkeptsendingmoreandmoresuppliestotheBritishtoovercometheforceswhichthreatenedfreedom.Americaeventuallyjoinedinthewar.HesawtheUSAthroughtwogravecrisesandhislastgreatachievementwastolaythefoundationofwhatwouldlaterbetheUN.
2.WoodrowWilson
1913-1921
WoodrowWilsonwasanadmirableprincipledpresident.Hegotcongresstolowerthetariffandhereformedthenationalbankingsystem.Healsogotthecongresstodeclarethatitwasn’tagainstthelawforworkingmentogoonstrike.Whenworldwaronestartedhisaimwasclearlytostayoutofit,heinsteadlookedforwardtohelpthewarringcountriestomakepeace.WhenGermansubmarinesbombedAmericanshipsintheAtlanticwithoutwarning,theUSAwasengagedinthewar.MorethananythingelseWilsonwantedthistobeawartoendallthewars.Evenatthetimeoffighting,hedrewuphisfamous14PointPeaceplan.ThemostimportantofthesecalledforaLeagueofNationswhichwouldsettlefutureriftsbetweennations.GermanyhadsurrenderedandtheLeagueofNationswasformed.ButwithouttheapprovaloftheU.SsenateAmericacouldn’tjoinandwithouttheUSAthebodywasrendereduseless.ButWilsonkepttravelingaroundthecountrymakingspeechesinfavoroftheleague.Heleftalegacyforpeacewhichpeoplestilldreamabout.
1.AbrahamLincoln
1861-1865
AbrahamLincolnbecamethepresidentwheneverythingwasgoingwrongfortheUSA.TherewerestillanumberofBorderStateswhichwereleftundecidedonwhethertostayintheUnionornot,hewantedtoholdontothesestatesifhepossiblycould.SecondlyalotofNorthernersbelievedthatneithertheUnionnorslaverywasworthfightingabout.Fightingawaratthattimewouldmeanalotofpeoplenotsupportinghim.HehadthegiftedabilitytomakethepeopleunderstandwhathewasdoingandwhenCivilWarbrokeouthemadethemunderstandthattheUSAwastheonlygenuinedemocraticgovernmentintheworldandhisjobwastoholdtheUniontogether.Sinceslaveryhadstartedthiswholemessinthefirstplace,hebelievedthatithadtoperishforthenationtolive.HeissuedtheEmancipationProclamationandworkedforthe13thamendmenttobanslavery.Althoughthesedidnoteffectivelyensuretheendofslavery,itwonsympathyfortheNorththroughouttheworldwhichculminatedintoitsvictoryintheend.Hehadnoplansforrevengeandjustwantedtorestoretheunionassoonaspossible,bu,alas,hewasassassinated.Heisarguablythemostmournedpresidentever.
10.约翰·F·肯尼迪(1961-1963)
约翰·肯尼迪是一个非常有魅力的总统。
他让许多老师、作家、科学家和不同领域的知识分子进入政府工作。
他的就职演说是现代最著名的演说之一,就正如他说的为
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