Book 4Unit 2docx.docx
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基础知识默写(学生用书243~246页)
[默写
(一)]
1.delightedadj.愉快的,高兴的→delightn.快乐,高兴vt.使高兴→delightfuladj.使人快乐的;令人愉快的;宜人的
2.significancen.重要性,意义→significantadj.有重大意义的;显著的;意味深长的
3.traditionn.传统;风俗→traditionaladj.传统的;习俗的;惯例的→traditionallyadv.传统地
4.honourn.尊敬;荣幸;节操;荣誉vt.尊敬,尊重(某人)→honouredadj.(指人)受人尊敬的;感到荣幸的→honourableadj.光荣的,可敬的
5.absencen.缺席,不在场;不存在→absentadj.缺席的,不在的
6.attemptn.&vt.尝试,努力,试图→attemptedadj.未遂的
7.competevi.比赛;竞争→competitiveadj.竞争的→competitorn.竞争者→competitionn.比赛;竞争
8.excitevt.使激动,使兴奋→excitedadj.兴奋的,激动的→excitingadj.令人激动的,使人兴奋的→excitementn.兴奋,激动
9.associationn.协会,社团;关联;联想→associatevt.联想;联系adj.非正式的;联合的→associatedadj.有关联的;有联系的
10.originn.起源,起因;出身→originaladj.原来的;起初的;首创的;非复制的→originallyadv.原来;起初
11.otherwiseadv.否则,不然
12.techniquen.技术,工艺,技巧
13.unusualadj.特别的,不寻常的;与众不同的
14.meanwhileadv.与此同时;在此期间
15.removevt.去除,移开;开除;免除,解除(职务)→removaln.去除;移动;免职;搬迁
16.powern.力量;能量;影响力;权力;统治vt.驱动,提供动力→powerfuladj.强大的;强有力的
17.committeen.委员会
18.medaln.奖牌,奖章,勋章
19.contemporaryadj.现代的,当代的;同一时代的
20.boundaryn.边界,界限
21.championn.冠军,优胜者
22.citizenn.公民;居民
23.movementn.社会运动;移动,活动;进展
24.preciousadj.宝贵的,珍贵的
25.unfairadj.不公正的,不公平的→fairadj.公平的,公正的→fairlyadv.公正地;相当地
26.bitteradj.愤愤不平的;令人不快的;味苦的;严寒的
27.finaladj.最终的,最后的n.决赛→finallyadv.最后,终于
28.transportn.交通运输系统;交通工具;运输vt.运输,运送→transportationn.运输;运输系统;运输工具
29.routinen.&adj.常规(的)
30.frequentadj.频繁的,经常发生的→frequentlyadv.频繁地,经常
[默写
(二)]
1.everyfouryears每四年
2.bytradition按照传统
3.takepartin参加
4.inhonourof为向……表示敬意
5.bring...backtolife使……重生
6.makecontributionsto对……作出贡献
7.leadtheway领先
8.hangon(在逆境中)坚持
9.joinsb.indoingsth.和某人一起做某事
10.passsth.on(tosb.)转交,传给,递给(某人)
11.comeupwith想出;提出;赶上;设法拿出
12.berelatedto与……相关
13.knockover打翻;撞倒
14.beshapedlike形状像,被做成……形状
15.undercontrol处于控制之下
16.makewayfor给……让路,让位于……
17.applyto适用于;申请;把……运用于……
18.keepaclosewatchon密切专注
19.Today,bothmaleandfemaleathletesfromaroundtheworldcantakepart,nomatterwhatnationtheycomefrom.
如今,世界各地的男女运动员都能参加,无论他们来自哪个国家。
20.HedreamtthattheOlympicswouldmakeitpossibleforpeopleofallcountriestolivesidebysideinpeace.
他梦想着奥运会将有可能让所有国家的人民共同生活在和平之中。
21.WhenchoosingacitytohosttheOlympics,therearecertainthingsweneedtoconsider.
当我们选择一个主办奥运会的城市时,有些东西需要加以考虑。
22.TheKangarooswereoutofthetournament,whiletheEaglescontinuedon.
袋鼠队被淘汰出了联赛,然而,鹰队继续进行比赛。
23.However,withtherefereesnowkeepingaclosewatchontheEagles,theystruggledandlosttheirnextmatch.
然而,由于裁判现在密切注意着鹰队,他们奋战后还是输掉了接下来的比赛。
24.TheEagleswenthomeangryandbitterbecausetheydidnotwinthetournament.
鹰队在联赛上铩羽而归,既恼火又愤愤不平。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.You’dbetterrubhimdownwithadrytowel.Otherwise(否则)he’llcatchacold.
2.Youcanusethistechnique(技巧)inalmostanydevelopmentenvironment.
3.Remove(去掉)theskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
4.It’snotunusual(不寻常的)foryoungdoctorstowork70hoursaweek.
5.Meanwhile(同时),myhorsegotfrightened,jumpedup,andranaroundwildly.(2018·浙江)
6.Atthegraduationceremony,ourheadmasterrequiredustoraiseourcompetitive(compete)awarenessinmodernsociety.
7.Heisalwaysabsentfromclass,andhisabsencemakeshisheadteacherangry.(absence)
8.Originally,IthoughthewasfromCanada,butitturnedouthewasaFrenchmanbyorigin.(origin)
9.Iamdelighted(delight)tohearfromyou.Youaskedmeinyourlastletteraboutthephysicalexerciseinourschool.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
10.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionally(tradition)eatwiththeirhands.(2016·全国Ⅲ)
11.Therewillbeaninventioncompetition(compete)inourschoolonthe20thofOctober.
12.AnEnglishspeechassociation(associate)hasbeensetupinourschool.Now,wearerecruitingnewmembers.
13.Iwillneverforgettheexcitement(excite)asIapproachthecoast.
14.Shelookedathimacrossthetableandgavehimasignificant(significance)smile.
15.Doyouhavetostopfrequently(frequent)whenyouclimbthestairs?
Ⅱ.选词成篇
Oneday,whilegoingtoschool,Tomdidn’t1.keepaclosewatchontheheavytrafficandwas2.knockedover3.byaccident.Hewassenttohospitalimmediatelyandfortunately,hewasnothurtseriously.Hehasbeen4.lookingforwardtopickingupassoonaspossible.Thisaccidentremindsusagainthatwemust5.lookoutforcarswhilecrossingthestreet.
Lastnight,wewatchedthepingpongfinalbetweenChinaandAmerica.Atfirst,theAmericanteam6.ledtheway,andthenthey7.madewayforourteamgradually.Althoughtheircompetitorsweregreat,ourplayers8.hungon.Intheend,itwastheChineseteamthatwonthechampionship,whichexcitedusgreatly.9.Bytradition,weheldacelebration10.inhonourofourteammates.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.Nomatterwhereheis,hemakesitaruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.(makeit+adj./n.+todo)
不管他在哪里,早饭前出去散步是他的一贯做法。
2.Thirstyandhungry,shewentintotherestaurantandseatedherselfatalittletable.(形容词作状语)
又渴又饿,她走进饭店,在一张小桌旁坐了下来。
3.Nomatterwhenyoucallonme,youarewelcome.(nomatter+疑问词)
无论你什么时候来看我,我都欢迎你。
4.Hemusthavebeenawarethatmyparents’marriagewasabouttobreakup.(musthavedone)
他一定知道我父母的婚姻即将破裂。
1.“校园设施”知多少
(1)stadium体育馆
(2)library图书馆
(3)canteen食堂
(4)dormitory宿舍
(5)laboratory实验室
(6)playground操场
2.mate后缀小结
(1)teammate队友
(2)classmate同班同学
(3)roommate室友
(4)schoolmate校友
(5)deskmate同桌
3.“n.+prep.+n.”短语汇总
(1)arminarm臂挽着臂地
(2)handinhand手拉手地
(3)sidebyside肩并肩地
(4)facetoface面对面地
(5)hearttoheart心连心地
4.“by+n.”短语集锦
(1)bychance/accident/coincidence偶然,碰巧
(2)bytradition按照传统
(3)byorigin出身为,原籍为……
(4)bydesign故意地
delightedadj.高兴的,愉快的,欣喜的
(1)bedelightedat/with/bysth./todosth.为(做)某事而高兴
(2)delightn.[U]高兴,快乐;[C]令人高兴的事;乐事vt.使高兴;使欣喜
toone’sdelight=tothedelightofsb.使某人高兴的是
with/indelight高兴地
takedelightin(doing)sth.以(做)某事为乐
delightin(doing)sth.以(做)某事为乐
delightsb.withsth.用某物使某人高兴
(3)delightfuladj.令人愉快的,使人高兴的
(1)Hiswifetoldreportersthatshewasdelightedwith/at/byhisnewlookandthatitmadehimlookkindandhandsome.(2018·安徽马鞍山二模)
(2)Tomydelight(令我高兴的是),Iwaschosenfromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.
(3)TheclassicWaltDisneystoryalreadysoundslikeit’llbeadelightforbothchildrenandadults.(2018·内蒙古赤峰模拟)
(4)Wedelightin/takedelightin(乐于)goingforlongwalksinthecountry.
(5)Thegardensshowthehumanspiritofarchitecture,poetryandpainting,sothattodaytheirdelightful(delight)creativity,linesandrhythmcanbeimaginedbyeveryone.
易错点拨 现代英语中不存在delighting这个形容词,表示“令人愉快的”要用delightful。
significancen.重要性;意义
(1)beofgreatsignificance=beverysignificant非常重要
beofno/greatsignificance无意义/具有重要意义
attachsignificanceto重视……
(2)significantadj.重要的;显著的
significantlyadv.重大地;显著地
(1)Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantly(significant)greatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
(2)Hedidn’tappeartoattachanysignificanceto(重视)ourquestion.
[同义句改写]
(3)Timelyencouragementfromateacherisverysignificanttohis/herstudents.
→Timelyencouragementfromateacherisofgreatsignificancetohis/herstudents.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中significant的汉语意思
(4)Althoughthejobtakesasignificantamountoftime,moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.A
A.大量的;相当数量的 B.重要的 C.值得注意的
competevi.比赛;竞争
(1)competein参加……的比赛;在……方面竞争
competefor为……而竞争
competewith/against...for...为争取……而和……竞争
(2)competitorn.竞争者;比赛者
competitionn.比赛;竞争
competitiveadj.有竞争力的
(1)Workinginsuchacompetitive(compete)industry,I’vesometimesthought,“Ican’tdothisanymore.”(2017·天津)
(2)ThemomentwhenIlearnedtheresultsofthecompetition(compete)wasoneofthehappiesttimesinmylife.(2018·北京西城区模拟)
(3)Banksandbuildingsocietiesarecompetingfiercelyforbusiness.
(4)Theyfoundthemselvescompetingwith/againstforeigncompaniesforashareofthemarket.
honourn.尊敬;崇敬;荣幸,光荣
vt.尊敬;敬重
(1)inhonourof为了表示对……的敬意;为了纪念……
havethehonourtodo/ofdoing...有幸做……
It’ssb.’s/anhonourtodo...做……是某人的荣幸/一件荣幸的事。
(2)honoursb.withsth.for...因……授予某人某物
behonouredwith被授予
behonouredas...被尊称为……
(3)be/feelhonouredtodo/ofdoing...为做……而感到荣幸
(4)honourableadj.光荣的;高尚的;尊敬的
(1)Monumentswereraisedinhonour/memoryofthedead.
这些纪念碑是为纪念死者而修建的。
(2)Sheishonouredasamodelteacher.
她被誉为模范教师。
(3)Hewashonouredwithagoldmedalforhisexcellentspeech.
他以出色的演讲赢得了一块金牌。
[句式升级]
(4)Ifeelhonouredtobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.(用it作形式主语改写)
Itismyhonourtobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.
absencen.[C]&[U]缺席;不在某处;[U]缺乏
(1)absenceofmind心不在焉
insb.’sabsence某人不在时
intheabsenceofsth.缺乏某物
(2)absentadj.缺席的;不在的;缺乏的
beabsentfrom缺席……(bepresentat出席……)
(1)Hefailedintheexambecauseofhisabsenceofmind.
他因心不在焉而考试不及格。
(2)Intheabsenceofwolves,coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
没有了(灰)狼,郊狼的数量也迅速增加。
(3)Hewasabsentfromthemeetingforonereasonoranother.
他因为某种原因而没有出席会议。
(4)[同义句改写] ThedecisionwasmadewhileIwasnotthere.
→Thedecisionwasmadeinmyabsence.
易错点拨
(1)absence通常为不可数名词,但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时,为可数名词。
(2)表示做某事缺席,其后通常接介词from。
attemptn.&v.企图;试图;尝试;努力
(1)attempttodo/at(doing)...尝试(试图)做……
(2)makeanattempttodo/(at)doing...尝试做……
atthefirstattempt第一次尝试
(3)attemptedadj.未遂的
(1)Inanattempttoencouragethestudentstodosomereadingandprovidethestudentswithmoregoodbooks,ourschoolisplanningtoholdtheReadingFestivalinthelibrarynextFriday.
(2)Policesaythey’retreatingitasacaseofattempted(attempt)murder.
(3)Ipassedmydrivingtestatthefirstattempt(第一次尝试).
(4)[同义句改写] Theyattemptedtoclimb(climb)thathill.
→Theymadeanattem
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