徐汇区学年第一学期质量监控试题卷高中三年级英语含标准答案.docx
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徐汇区学年第一学期质量监控试题卷高中三年级英语含标准答案.docx
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徐汇区学年第一学期质量监控试题卷高中三年级英语含标准答案
2017届高三徐汇区高三英语一模
2016.12
II.Grammarandvocabulary
SectionA
Directions:
Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.
Pleasemindthesilence
Despitebeingusedby1.34billionpeopleeachyear,travelingontheTubeinLondoncanactuallybequitelonely.Anunwrittenruleencouragingsilence,mixedwithclassicBritishreserve,
meansthat(21)__________you’repackedintoanenclosedspacewithhundredsofotherpeople,
themorningcommute(上下班)canleaveyoufeelingsomewhatisolated.
OneLondonresident,however,istryingtochangethis.
“YougetontheTubehereandifscompletelysilentandifsweird,"saysJonathanDunne,42,anAmericanlivinginLondon,whohas,ironically,started(22)_______worldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withtheslogan“Tubechat?
”lastmonth,encouragingcommutersinLondontogettalkingtooneanother.“Ihandedout500badgesduringrushhourinacityof8million,expectingmanyrefusalsandmostofthem(23)_______(throw)away,butafterabout24hoursitcompletelysnowballed,”hesays.
Dunneandhis“Tubechat”campaign(24)_______(feature)inmediaacrosstheworldeversince,seeingTVinterviewsinSweden,BrazilandtheUK,aswellascountlesswebsite,newspaperandmagazineappearances.
AlthoughDunnesayshe’sreceivedmostlypositivefeedback,noteveryoneagreeswithhissentiment.LondonerBrianWilsonrespondedwithacampaignof(25)_____own,handingout500badgeswiththewords‘‘Don’teventhinkaboutit”onthem.
“I(26)______hardlystandtheideaofhavingtotalktostrangersontheTubeonmywaytowork,”hetoldtheBBC.MichaelRobinson,24,astudentfromLondon,agrees.“BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoand(27)______work.Itdoesn’tneedtobespoiledbypeoplecomingupandchattingtoyou,”hesays.WhileLondonhasitsseeminglyantisocialsetofregulationstofollow,noteverywherelacksasenseofcommunity.
DoesDunnehopethatsomeofthiscommunityspirit(28)__________(mirror)intheUKfollowinghiscampaign?
“PeopleassumethatIjustwalkupandtalktostrangers,(29)______Idon’t,butit’sbeenagreatwaytomeetpeopleyouwouldneverhavenormallyspokento,”hesays.
“OnMonday,Oct10,thecurator(馆长)oftheLondonTransportMuseumhadmeoverfortea.”
Soifyoueverendup(30)______(use)publictransportintheWest,whynotsayhellotothepersonnexttoyou?
Justmakesuretocheckforabadgefirst.
SectionB
Directions:
Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.overtookB.promisingC.likelihoodD.ridiculousE.sharedF.controlled
GbeliefsH.reasonableI.trendJ.trackedK.demonstrated
Theriseinstoriesdescribingeventsthatneverhappened,ofteninvolvingfakepeopleinfakeplaces,hasledtoFacebookandGoogle’s(31)____todealwiththem.Butarewereallysoeasytofool?
Accordingtoseveralstudies,theanswerisyes:
eventhemostobviousfakenewsstartstobecomebelievableifit’s(32)_____enoughtimes.
InthemonthsrunninguptotheUSelectiontherewasasurge(大浪)infakenews.According
toananalysisbyCraigSilverman,ajournalist,duringthistimethetop20fakestoriesincirculation(33)_____thetop20storiesfrom19mainstreampublishers.
PaulHorner,acreativepublisheroffakenews,hassaidhebelievesDonaldTrumpwaselectedbecauseofhim.“MysiteswerepickedupbyTrumpsupportersallthetime…Hisfollowersdon’tfact-checkanything–they’llposteverything,believeanything,”hetoldtheWashingtonPost.
Silvermanpreviously(34)_____rumourscirculatingonlinein2014andfoundthatsharesandsocialinteractionsaroundfakenewsarticlesdwarfed(使...相形见绌)thoseofthearticlesthatexposedthem.AccordingtoSilverman,fakenewsstoriesareengineeredtoappealtopeople’shopesandfears,andaren’t(35)_____byreality,whichgivesthemtheedgeincreatingshareablecontent.
Youmightthinkyou’reimmunetofallingfortheselies,butawealthofresearchdisagrees.Backinthe1940s,researchersfoundthat“themorearumouristold,themore(36)_____itsounds”.Theysuggestedthismeansthatarumourbornoutofmildsuspicioncan,bygainingcurrency,shiftpublicthinkingandopinion.
Thisfalseimpressionoftruthwas(37)_____practicallyin1977whenresearchersintheUSquizzedcollegestudentsontheactualityofstatementsthattheyweretoldmaybetrueorfalse.Theresearchersfoundthatsimplyrepeatingthestatementsatalaterdatewasenoughtoincreasethe(38)______ofthestudentsbelievingthem.
Lastyear,LisaFazioatVanderbiltUniversityinTennesseeandherteamfoundthatstudentsbecomemorelikelytobelieveastatementthattheyknowmustbefalseifitisrepeated.
“Ourresearchsuggeststhatfalsenewscanandlikelydoesaffectpeople’s(39)_____.Evenifpeopleareconsciousthataheadlineisfalse,readingitmultipletimeswillmakeitseemmoretrustworthy,”Faziosays.
Reassuringly,theteamfoundthataperson’sknowledgestillhasalargeinfluenceovertheirbeliefs,butit’sstillaworrying(40)______giventhatfalsehoodsappearrepeatedlyinournewsfeedseveryday.
III.ReadingComprehension
SectionA
Directions:
ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearcfourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
Twokeyclimatechangeindicators—globalsurfacetemperaturesandArcticseaiceextent—havebrokennumerousrecordsthroughthefirsthalfof2016,accordingtoNASAanalysesofground-basedobservationsandsatellitedata.Eachofthefirstsixmonthsof2016setarecordasthewarmest(41)________monthgloballyinthemoderntemperaturerecord,which(42)______1880,accordingtoscientistsatNASA'sGoddardInstituteforSpaceStudies(GISS)inNewYork.Thesix-monthperiodfromJanuarytoJunewasalsotheplanet'swarmesthalf-yearonrecord,witha(n)(43)________temperature1.3degreesCelsius(2.4degreesFahrenheit)warmerthanthelatenineteenthcentury.
Fiveofthefirstsixmonthsof2016also(44)_______thesmallestrespectivemonthlyArcticseaice(45)_______sinceregularsatelliterecordsbeganin1979,accordingtoanalysesdevelopedbyscientistsatNASA'sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter,inGreenbelt,Maryland.Theone(46)_____,March,recordedthesecondsmallestforthatmonth.
(47)_____thesetwokeyclimateindicatorshavebrokenrecordsin2016,NASAscientistssaiditismoresignificantthatglobaltemperatureandArcticseaicearecontinuingtheirdecades-longtrendsofchange.Bothtrendsareultimatelydrivenbyrising(48)_______ofheat-trappingcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.
TheextentofArcticseaiceatthepeakofthesummermeltseasonnowtypically(49)______40percentlessareathanitdidinthelate1970sandearly1980s.ArcticseaiceextentinSeptember,theseasonallowpointintheannualcycle,hasbeen(50)_______atarateof13.4percentperdecade.
"WhiletheElNiñoeventinthetropicalPacificthiswinter(51)_______thegainingglobaltemperaturesfromOctober,itisthebasictrendwhichisproducingtheserecordnumbers,"GISSDirectorGavinSchmidtsaid.
(52)______ElNiñoeventshavedriventemperaturestowhatwerethenrecordlevels,suchasin1998.Butin2016,evenastheeffectsoftherecentElNiñowearoff,globaltemperatureshaverisenwellbeyondthoseof18yearsago(53)_______theoverallwarmingthathastakenplaceinthattime.
Theglobaltrendinrisingtemperaturesfallsbehindtheregional(54)_____intheArctic,saidWaltMeier,aseaicescientistatNASAGoddard.
"Ithasbeenarecordyearsofarforglobaltemperatures,buttherecordhightemperaturesintheArcticoverthepastsixmonthshavebeenevenmoreextreme,"Meiersaid."Thiswarmthaswellasunusualweather(55)______haveledtotherecordlowseaiceextentssofarthisyear."
41.A.resistantB.respectiveC.resolvedD.remote
42.A.makessenseofB.keepsupwithC.datesbacktoD.goesaheadof
43.A.averageB.ordinaryC.commonD.temporary
44.A.confirmedB.witnessedC.involvedD.conducted
45.A.standardB.contentC.amountD.extent
46.A.datumB.exampleC.monthD.exception
47.A.WhileB.WhenC.AfterD.As
48.A.combinationsB.reductionsC.concentrationsD.applications
49.A.includesB.coversC.approachesD.indicates
50.A.increasingB.changingC.decliningD.moving
51.A.endedupwithB.gaverisetoC.brokeawayfromD.resultedfrom
52.A.FrequentB.NaturalC.DisastrousD.Previous
53.A.inreturnforB.incaseofC.inspiteofD.becauseof
54.A.warmingB.fallingC.gatheringD.changing
55.A.forecastsB.varietiesC.patternsD.illustrations
SectionB
Directions:
Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.B.CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
A
Lateoneautumndayattheaquaticcenter(水上运动中心)inAncenis,France,somethingwentquietly,horriblywrong.An18-year-oidnamedJean-FrancoisLeRoywasaregular,comingoftenintheearlyeveningstoswiminthe25-meterpool.Drowningsareoftendifficulttospot.Mostarenear-s
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