届高考英语专题综合检测三.docx
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届高考英语专题综合检测三.docx
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届高考英语专题综合检测三
2019届高考英语专题综合检测(三)
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2、 Evenaswebreatheasighofreliefwatchingtherescueof33minerstrappedinaChileanmineformorethantwomonths,thereisrecognitionthattheirrecoveryfromthistraumaticexperienceinvolvesmorethanjusttheirphysicalhealth.Survivorsofdisastersareatsignificantriskforsuchproblemsasdepressionandanxiety.
Inanupcomingreport,GeorgeA.Bonannoandcolleaguesnotethatdisastersresultinextremepsychologicalharminaminorityofindividuals—lessthan30%ofsamplesexperienceseverelevelsofthesepsychologicalproblems.Justasthereareawiderangeofproblemsexperiencedfollowingdisasters,Bonannoandhisco-authorsobservetherearealsoanumberofoutcomepatterns.Somesurvivorswillexhibitchronicdysfunction(慢性功能障碍)butthemajoritywillgoontorecoverpsychologicalfunctionwithinafewmonthsoryears.
Followingdisasters,themostcommonformofimmediatepsychologicalintervention(介入)isCriticalIncidentStressDebriefing(CISD)(危机事件应激晤谈).However,followingareviewofstudiesontheeffectivenessofCISD,Bonannoandco-authorsconclude,“MultiplestudieshaveshownthatCISDisnotonlyineffectivebut,assuggestedearlier,insomecasescanactuallybepsychologicallyharmful.”
“Thedataoncrisisdebriefingsuggestthatimposingsuchinterventionsonindividualsdoesn'twork,”Lilienfeldsays. “Ifsomeoftheminerswanttotalktosomebodytoexpresstheirfeelings,thenbyallmeansmentalhealthprofessionalsshouldbetheretolistentothemandsupportthem.Butforminerswhowouldprefernottotalkmuchabouttheexperience,it'sbesttoleavethemaloneandrespecttheirowncopingmechanisms(应对机制).”
AccordingtoBonannoandhisco-authors,therearetreatmentsthatmaybeeffectiveinhelpingsurvivorsrecoverfromdisasters.Psychologicalfirstaid(PFA)—which,amongotherthings,providespracticalhelpandhelpsdevelopasenseofsafetyandcalmnessamongsurvivors —isapromisingapproach.Forexample,thecommunity-centeredintervention—whichhelpsmaintainasenseofconnectednessandqualityofcommunitylife—isbeneficialtosurvivorsofdisasters.
1.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“traumatic”inthefirstparagraph?
A.Amusing.
B.Upsetting.
C.Impressive.
D.Memorable.
2.WhatcanbeinferredfromLilienfeld'swords?
A.Thechoicesofinterventionsshouldfollowthesurvivors'will.
B.Thesurvivorsshouldoftenaskhealthprofessionalsforadvice.
C.It'sbeneficialforthesurvivorstocommunicatewitheachother.
D.Theminersshouldberespectedfortheirhardanddangerouswork.
3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmethodsisgenerallymoreeffective?
A.Helpsurvivorsfitintheircommunities.
B.Urgesurvivorstojoininvolunteerprograms.
C.Asksurvivorstospeakouttheirexperiences.
D.Leavesurvivorsalonetoimprovetheiremotions.
4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Thetypesofpsychologicalproblems.
B.Theharmfuleffectsofmineaccidents.
C.Thenewresearchaboutthementalactivity.
D.Thepsychologicalhelpforsurvivorsofdisasters.
3、AsmoreandmorepeoplespeakthegloballanguagesofEnglish,Chinese,Spanish,andArabic,otherlanguagesarerapidlydisappearing.Infact,halfofthe6,000-7,000languagesspokenaroundtheworldtodaywilllikelydieoutbythenextcentury,accordingtotheUnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization(UNESCO).
Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations--UNESCOandNationalGeographicamongthem–haveformanyyearsbeendocumentingdyinglanguagesandtheculturestheyreflect.
MarkTurin,ascientistattheMacmillanCenter,YaleUniversity,whospecializesinthelanguagesandoraltraditionsoftheHimalayas,isfollowing inthattradition.Hisrecentlypublishedbook,AGrammarofThangmiwithanEthnolinguisticIntroductiontotheSpeakersandTheirCulture,growsoutofhisexperienceliving,workingandraisingafamilyinavillageinNepal.
DocumentingtheTangmilanguageandcultureisjustastartingpointforTurin,whoseekstoincludeotherlanguagesandoraltraditionsacrosstheHimalayansreachesofIndia,Nepal,Bhutan,andChina.Butheisnotcontenttosimplyrecordthesevoicesbeforetheydisappearwithoutrecord.
AttheUniversityofCambridgeTurindiscoveredawealthofimportantmaterials--includingphotographs,films,taprecordings,andfieldnotes----whichhadremainedunstudiedandwerebadlyinneedofcareandprotection.
Now,throughthetwoorganizationsthathehasfounded---theDigitalHimalayaProjectandtheWorldOralLiteratureProject---Turinhasstartedacampaigntomakesuchdocuments,foundinlibrariesandstoresaroundtheworld,availablenotjusttoscholarsbuttotheyoungergenerationsofcommunitiesfromwhomthematerialswereoriginallycollected.ThankstodigitaltechnologyandthewidelyavailableInternet.Turinnotes,theendangeredlanguagescanbesavedandreconnectedwithspeechcommunities.
1.Manyscholarsaremakingeffortsto .
A.rescuethedisappearinglanguages
B.promotegloballanguages
C.searchforlanguagecommunities
D.setuplanguageresearchorganizations.
2.Whatdoes“thattradition”inParagraph3referto?
A.Havingfullrecordsofthelanguages.
B.Writingbooksonlanguageteaching.
C.Tellingstoriesaboutlanguageusers.
D.Livingwiththenativespeakers.
3.WhatisTurin’sbookbasedon?
A.TheculturalstudiesinIndia.
B.ThedocumentsavailableatYale.
C.HislanguageresearchinBhutan.
D.HispersonalexperienceinNepal.
4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTurin’swork?
A.Write,sellanddonate.
B.Record,repairandreward.
C.Collect,protectandreconnect.
D.Design,experimentandreport.
4、 KatrinaWalker,28yearsold,likestopaintandread.WalkermightalsohaveHuntington'sdisease,adiseasethathermomhas,givinghera50percentchanceofhavingtheHuntington'sgene.Walkercouldtakeatesttofindoutifshehasthegene,butshehasn'tyet.
WalkeradmitssometimesthepossibilityofhavingHuntington'sdiseasemakesheranxiousandsad,butforthemostpart,shedoesn'tthinkaboutit,anddoesn'twanttoknowifshehasit.“IfIhaveit,there'snothingIoranyoneelsecandoatthispoint,”Walkersaid.“Thereisnocureforitoranythingrightnowthatevencontrolsthediseasewell.Knowingisn'tgoingtopreventmefromhavingit.”
Knowingthatherlifeexpectancymaybecutby20to30yearsisboundtocausesomeurgency.Butgettingtestedcanaffecthowsomeonelivestheirlife.Thatwastheconclusionofastudy,which showedthat individuals at risk ofHuntington'sdiseasewhodidn'tgettestedlivedasiftheydidn'thavethedisease,andthosewhotestedpositiveweremorelikelytogetdivorced,retire,reportmajorfinancialchangesandchangetheirrecreational(娱乐的)activities.
ForWalker, she'soptimisticaboutherchances.IfshehasHuntington'sdisease,she'snotworriedaboutpassingiton,sinceshedoesn'tplanonhavingkids.Thetimeofherdiagnosiswon'taffecthowthediseaseprogresses.AlthoughsheadmitsshewouldfeelmorepressuretoliveherlifetothefullestifsheweretestedpositiveforHuntington'sdisease,she'scurrentlylivingherlifeasifshewon'tdieinthenextcoupleofdecadesbythisdisease.“Rightnow,IfeellikemyfutureiswideopenandifIgottestedandfoundoutIhaveHuntington'sdisease.I'dfeellike,well,there'smyfutureandthere'smyfate,”Walkersaid.“Rig
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