Unit 10 Checking PopulationGrowth final.docx
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Unit 10 Checking PopulationGrowth final.docx
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Unit10CheckingPopulationGrowthfinal
Unit10CheckingPopulationGrowth
Howmanypeopledoesthisplanethaveenoughroomfor?
Itseemsthatinthepastdecades,justtoomanypeoplehavebeenbroughtintothisworldthattheearthisgettingmoreandmorecrowded.Clearly,themoremouthsweneedtofeed,themoreenergyweneedtoconsume,andthemorelikelywewillhavetocompeteandevenfightwitheachother.Thus,thefundamentalquestionis:
whatshouldwedoifwewanttosurviveonthisplanet?
Inthisunit,youwill:
★sharesomeusefulinformationaboutthesituationofpopulationgrowth;
★acquiresomecommonwordsandpatternsfortalkingaboutpopulationgrowth;
★getsomepracticalideasabouthowtowriteanopeningandclosingparagraph;
★learnsomebasicdifferencesbetween“affect/influence”,“decide/determine”,and“article/paper”;
★findsomeimportanttipsonhowtowritealetterofcomfort.
Part1ListeningandSpeaking
A.Listentothedialogueandanswerthequestions:
1.Aretheremanycountriesfacingagingproblem?
1.Willtheagingofpopulationimpactthesocialsecuritysystem?
2.Whyistherethegrowingagingpopulation?
3.Whoshouldfindsolutiontotheproblem?
4.DoesSandyagreewithKevinintheveryend?
Kevin:
Whatareyoureading,Kate?
Sandy:
I’mreadinganarticleaboutagingofpopulation.Itsaysmanycountrieshavesteppedintotheagingsociety.
Kevin:
Sowhat?
Sandy:
Theproblemwillsoonaffectmostcountries.
Kevin:
Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?
Sandy:
Well,first,it’llputpressureonthesocialsecuritysystemofacountry.Thefinancialburdenofthegovernmentwillbecomemuchheavier.
Kevin:
Yeah.Anythingelse?
Sandy:
Second,agingcausesarelativedecreaseinworkforce.Fewerpeoplehavetosupporttheincreasingelderly.Itmayincreaselaborcostsandreduceproductivityatthesametime.
Kevin:
Igotit.Andarethereanyotherpotentialproblems?
Sandy:
Yes.Italsohasanimpactontheconsumptionstructure,socialenvironment,etc.
Kevin:
Oh,I’veneverthoughtaboutthat.Butwhyistherethegrowingagingpopulation?
Sandy:
It’smainlyduetotwofactors,thatis,theincreasinglongevityandthedecreasingbirthrate.
Kevin:
Isee.Theagingofpopulationisarealchallengeforthewholesociety.Governmentshavetofindasolutiontoit.
Sandy:
Yousaidit.
Wordsandphrases:
aging/'eidʒiŋ/adj.老化的n.老化
security/si'kjurəti/n.保障;安全
relative/'relətiv/adj.相对的
financial/fai'nænʃəl/adj.财务的
*workforce/'wə:
kfɔ:
s/n.劳动力
*productivity/,prɔdʌk'tivəti/n.生产力
*longevity/lɔn'dʒevəti/n.长寿,长命
stepinto步入,进入
consumptionstructure消费结构
Conversationalpatterns:
Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?
你能再告诉我一些情况吗?
It’smainlydueto….这主要是由于……。
Oh,I’veneverthoughtaboutthat.噢,我从来没有想到那一点。
B.Listentothedialogueandanswerthequestions:
1.WhatdoesTinaknowalotabout?
2.Whatisoneofthemostseriousproblemsindevelopingcountries?
3.Aretheremanycountrieshavingtakenmeasurestocontrolthepopulation?
4.Willlargepopulationcausemorecrimes?
5.Canyoulistsomeofthespecificproblemscausedbypopulationexpansion?
William:
Hi,Tina.Youknowalotaboutthesocialissues.
Tina:
Nottoomuch.Ijustlikereadingarticlesonthetopic.
William:
So…Whatdoyouthinkaretheproblemsinthedevelopingcountries?
Tina:
Therearemany.Oneofthemostseriousproblemsispopulationexpansion.
William:
Itreallyis.Alargepopulationhasmanydisadvantages.Itpreventsdevelopment.
Tina:
Yeah.Theproblemisthattheresourcesarelimited.Withtoomanypeoplecrowdedontheearth,wedon’thaveenoughfoodtoeat,enoughclothestowear,enoughhousestoliveinandenoughjobtotake.
William:
Thatsoundsterrible.Nowondersomecountrieshavealreadytakenmeasurestocontrolthepopulation.
Tina:
That’snotallthestory.Ifthepopulationistoolargeinacountry,socialsecurityisalsoabigproblem.Therewillbemorecrimesbecauseofunemployment,educationshortageandothersocialproblems.
William:
Wemustworktogethertofindawayout.
Wordsandphrases:
expansion/ik'spænʃən/n.膨胀,扩张
resource/ri'sɔ:
s/n.资源
unemployment/,ʌnim'plɔimənt/n.失业
shortage/'ʃɔ:
tidʒ/n.缺乏;不足
takemeasures采取措施
findawayout找到出路
Conversationalpatterns:
Youknowalotabout….关于……你了解很多啊。
That’snotallthestory.这还不是全部呢。
Nowonder….难怪……。
Part2ReadingandSpeaking
TheEarth’sPopulationHits7Billionin2011
Itseemslikeonlyyesterdaythattheearth’spopulationhit6billion,butinfactitwas12yearsagoin1999.Thisyeartheplanetwillhitthenextbigmilestone--theworld’shumanpopulationwillhit7billion.Unfortunately,7billionmeansthataswecontinuetodominatetheplanet,wearestretchingnaturalresources,freshwaterandfoodsuppliestotheirlimitwhileincreasingourenvironmentalimpact.
Theincreaseofabillionpeoplein12yearsisworrying,especiallysincetheglobalpopulationonlyreachedonebillionintheearly19thcentury.Inthefollowing150yearstheearth’spopulationroseby1.5billionpeople,andinjustthepast60yearsthepopulationhasexplodedwithanincreaseof4.5billionpeople.
Thisisnotagoodthing,aswecontinuetoconsumemorewater,foodandfuelthanwecancreate.That’snotevenconsideringtheincreaseincarbonandnitrogenweareresponsibleforandthenaturalspecieswehavemadeextinctthroughourpresence.
Allinall,thismeansthatinthenext20years,ourpopulationgrowthispredictedtoseea‘perfectstorm’asthepopulationrisesto8billionpeopleandourdemandforfoodincreasesby50percent,waterby30percentandenergyby50percent.It’senoughtomakeyoustartbuildingasurvivalshelterinyourgardenrightnow.
Sowhatcanwedo?
Adoptaone-childpolicylikeChina?
Growmorefood?
Switchtorenewablesourcesofenergy?
Aseachgenerationisborn,wearegoingtohavetoadaptourdiets,ourenergysourcesandourwayoflifeifwearetosurviveaglobalhumanitariandisaster.Afterallitisnotournumbersthataretheproblem(7billionpeoplecouldfitintoLosAngelesapparently)—itistheresourceswecurrentlylongfor.Ourconsumptiongrosslyoutweighsourneedsand,unlessweaddressthat,theworldisnotgoingtochange.
Perhaps,wearemovingtowardsthesixthmassextinctionbecauseourdesiresaretoogreat,ourtechnologieshavehadtoogreatanimpactontheenvironment,andouruseofthelandisunsustainable.
Words&expressions:
*milestone/'maɪl,stəʊn/n.里程碑;重要阶段
dominate/'dɔmineit/v.控制,支配,统治;在…中占首要地位
supply/səˈplaɪ/v.供给,供应;向…提供(物资等),为…提供(或供应)n.供给;供给物,
impact/ˈɪmˌpækt/n.影响,作用;vt.对某事物有影响;产生(效果或结果)
explode/iksˈpləud/v.(使)爆炸;激增,迅速扩大
consume/kənˈsju:
m/v.消耗,耗尽
fuel/fjuəl/n.燃料,燃烧剂
carbon/ˈkɑ:
bən/n.碳
*nitrogen/ˈnaɪtrədʒən/n.氮
*species/ˈspiʃiz/n.物种,种;种类;类型
*extinct/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/adj.(动植物,物种)灭绝的,绝种的
presence/ˈprɛzəns/n.存在;出席,到场
energy/ˈɛnədʒi/n.能源;活力,干劲,能力
survival/sɚˈvaɪvəl/n.幸存,生存
adopt/əˈdɑpt/v.采用,采纳,采取;收养
adapt/əˈdæpt/v.(使)适应,(使)适合;改编,改写;适应于,适应不同情况(或环境)
*humanitarian/hjuˌmænɪˈtɛriən/n.慈善家;博爱主义,人道主义;adj.博爱的,人道主义的
apparently/əˈpærəntlɪ/adv.显然地;表面上,似乎
consumption/kənˈsʌmpʃən/n.消费,消耗;消费[耗]量;耗尽,用完
address/əˈdrɛs/v.设法解决;满足(需求);处理,对付;向…讲话,向…发表演说;
grossly/'grəusli/v.显著地
outweigh/aʊtˈweɪ/v.在重要性、价值等方面超过;在重量上超过,重于
extinction/ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/n.(植物、动物、生活方式等的)灭绝,绝种
*unsustainable/ˌʌnsəs'teinəbl/adj.不能维持的;不能成立的
fitinto(使)适合,(使)合乎…的时间〔空间〕,与…融为一体
longfor渴望;羡慕
Notes:
1.Theone-childpolicy(计划生育政策)referstotheone-childpopulationcontrolpolicyintroducedinChinain1978.
2.LosAngeles(美国,洛杉矶),withapopulationatthe2010UnitedStatesCensusof3,792,621,isthemostpopulouscityinCaliforniaandthesecondmostpopulousintheUnitedStates.
A.Tellifeachofthefollowingstatementsistrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothetext.
1.In1999,theearth’spopulationhit6billion.
2.Fromtheearly19thcenturytothemiddleof20thcentury,theglobalpopulationroseby4.5billion.
3.Accordingtotheprediction,in2021,thepopulationwillriseto8billion.
4.Therealproblemoftheearth’spopulationisthebignumber.
5.Accordingtothepassage,ifwewanttocontinuetoliveintheearth,wemustcontrolourdesires,reducethebadimpactsonthenaturalenvironment,anddecreasetheuseoftheland.
(T)(F)(T)(F)(T)
B.Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetext.
1.Unfortunately,7billionmeansthataswecontinuetodominatetheplanet,weare__________________(耗尽自然资源、水与食物)whileincreasingourenvironmentalimpact.
2.That’snotevenconsideringtheincreaseincarbonandnitrogenweareresponsibleforand—__________________________________________(由于人类的存在而导致物种的灭绝).
3.Aseachgenerationisborn,wearegoingtohavetoadaptourdiets,ourenergysourcesandourwayoflifeifweareto_________________(在人类灾难中存活).
4.Ourconsumptiongrossly_______________(超出我们的需要)and,unlessweaddressthat,theworldisnotgoingtochange.
5.Perhaps,wearemovingtowardsthesixthmassextinctionbecauseourdesiresaretoogreat,ourtechnologieshave________________________(对环境产生巨大影响),andouruseofthelandisunsustainable.
Keys:
1.stretchingnaturalresources,freshwaterandfoodsuppliestotheirlimit
2.thenaturalspecieswehavemadeextinctthroughourpresence
3.surviveaglobalhumanitariandisaster
4.outweighsourneeds
5.hadtoogreatanimpactontheenvironment
C.Workinpairsonthefollowingquestions.
1.Whatdoyouknowaboutcurrentsituationoftheearthpopulation?
2.Doyouthinkallkindsofessentialresourcesontheeartharedecreasing?
Pleasegivesomeexamples.
3.Wh
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