大学英语四级段落信息匹配专项练习(附答案).docx
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大学英语四级段落信息匹配专项练习(附答案).docx
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大学英语四级段落信息匹配专项练习(附答案)
练习1
PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)
SectionB
Directions:
Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
AGrassrootsRemedy
A)Mostofusspendourlivesseekingthenaturalworld.Tothisend,wewalkthedog,playgolf,gofishing,sitinthegarden,drinkoutsideratherthaninsidethepub,haveapicnic,liveinthesuburbs,gototheseaside,andbuyaweekendplaceinthecountry.ThemostpopularleisureactivityinBritainisgoingforawalk.Andwhenjoggers(慢跑者)jog,theydon'trunthestreets.Everyoneoftheminstinctivelyheadstotheparkortheriver.Itismyprofoundbeliefthatnotonlydoweallneednature,butweallseeknature,whetherweknowwearedoingsoornot.
B)Butdespitethis,ourchildrenaregrowingupnature-deprived(丧失),IspentmyboyhoodclimbingtreesonStrathamCommon,southLondon.Thesedays,childrenarerobbedoftheseancientfreedoms,duetoproblemslikecrime,traffic,thelossoftheopenspacesandoddnewperceptionsaboutwhatisbestforchildren,thatistosay,thingsthatcanbebought,ratherthanthingsthatcanbefound.
C)Thetruthistobefoundelsewhere.AstudyintheU.S.familieshadmovedtobetterhousingandthechildrenwereassessedforADHD--attentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder(多动症).Thosewhoseaccommodationhadmorenaturalviewsshowedanimprovementof19%;thosewhohadthesameimprovementinmaterialsurroundingsbutnoniceviewimprovedjust4%.
D)AstudyinSwedenindicatedthatkindergartenchildrenwhocouldplayinanaturalenvironmenthadlessillnessandgreaterphysicalabilitythanchildrenusedonlytoanormalplayground.AU.S.studysuggestedthatwhenaschoolgavechildrenaccesstoanaturalenvironment,academiclevelswereraisedacrosstheentireschool.
E)Anotherstudyfoundthatchildrenplaydifferentlyinanaturalenvironment.Inplaygrounds,childrencreateahierarchy(等级)basedonphysicalabilities,withthetoughonestakingthelead.Butwhenagrassyareawasplantedwithbushes,thechildrengotmuchmoreintofantasyplay,andthesocialhierarchywasnowbasedonimaginationandcreativity.
F)Mostbullying(恃强凌弱)isfoundinschoolswherethereisatarmac(柏油碎石)playground;theleastbullyingisinanaturalareathatthechildrenareencouragedtoexplore.ThisremindspleasantlyofSunnyhillSchoolinStratham,withitsharshtarmac,whereIusedtohangaboutincomersfantasizingaboutwildlife.Thechildrenarefrequentlydiscouragedfrominvolvementwithnaturalspaces,forhealthandsafetyreasons,forfearthattheymightgetdirtyorthattheymightcausedamage.So,instead,thedamageisdonetothechildrenthemselves:
nottotheirbodiesbuttotheirsouls.
G)OneofthegreatproblemsofmodemchildhoodisADHD,nowincreasinglyandexpensivelytreatedwithdrugs.YetonestudyafteranotherindicatesthatcontactwithnaturegiveshugebenefitstoADHDchildren.However,wespendmoneyondrugsratherthanongreenplaces.
H)Thelifeofoldpeopleismeasurablybetterwhentheyhaveaccesstonature.Theincreasingemphasisforthegrowingpopulationofoldpeopleisinqualityratherthanquantityofyears.Andstudyafterstudyfindsthatagardenisthesinglemostimportantthinginfindingthatquality.
I)Inwiderandmoredifficultareasoflife,thereisevidencetoindicatethatnaturalsurroundingsproveallkindsofthings.Evenproblemswithcrimeandaggressivebehaviorarereducedwhenthereiscontactwiththenaturalworld.Dr.WilliamBird,researcherfromtheRoyalSocietyfortheProtectionofbirds,statesinhisstudy,“Anaturalenvironmentcanreduceviolentbehaviorbecauseitsrestorativeprocesshelpsreduceangerandimpulsivebehavior.”Wildplacesneedencouragingforthisreason,nomatterhowsmalltheircontribution.
J)Wetendtolookonnatureconservationassomekindoffavorthathumanbeingsaregrantingtothenaturalworld.Theerrorhereisfartoodeep:
notonlydohumansneednatureforthemselves,buttheveryideathathumanityandthenaturalworldareseparablethingsisprofoundlydamaging.Humanbeingsareaspeciesofmammals(哺乳动物).Forsevenmillionyearstheylivedontheplanetaspartofnature.Ourancestralselvesmissthenaturalworldandlongforcontactwithnonhumanlife.Anyonewhohaspattedadog,stokedacat,satunderatreewithapintofbeer,givenorreceivedabunchofflowersorchosentowalkthroughtheparkonaniceday,understandsthat.Weneedthewildworld.Itisessentialtoourwell-being,ourhe
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