Legal s How to work with legal arguments_9783406779305.pdf
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Legal s How to work with legal arguments_9783406779305.pdf
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MollersLegalMethodsLegalMethodsHowtoworkwithlegalargumentsbyThomasM.J.MollersTranslatedbyGillMertens2020PublishedbyVerlagC.H.BeckoHG,WilhelmstraBe9,80801Miinchen,Germany,email:
bestellungbeck.deCo-publishedbyHartPublishing,KempHouse,ChawleyPark,CumnorHill,Oxford,OX29PH,UnitedKingdom,onlineat:
www.hartpub.co.ukandNomosVerlagsgesellschaftmbH&Co.KG,WaldseestraBe3-5,76530Baden-Baden,Germany,email:
nomosnomos.dePublishedinNorthAmerica(USandCanada)byHartPublishing,c/oIndependentPublishersGroup,814NorthFranklinStreet,Chicago,IL60610,USA,email:
Suggestedcitation:
Mollers,LegalMethods,2020,Ch.14mn.86ISBNPrint9783406743979(CH.BECK)ISBNE-Book9783406779305(CH.BECK)ISBN9781509938018(HART)ISBN9783848764044(NOMOS)2020VerlagC.H.BeckoHGWilhelmstr.9,80801MiinchenPrintedinGermanybyBeltzGrafischeBetriebeGmbHAmFliegerhorst8,99947BadLangensalzaTypesetbyReemersPublishingServicesGmbH,KrefeldCover:
DruckereiC.H.BeckNordlingenAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthepriorpermissionofVerlagC.H.Beck,orasexpresslypermittedbylawunderthetermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographicrightsorganisation.EnquiriesconcerningreproductionwhichmaynotbecoveredbytheaboveshouldbeaddressedtoC.H.Beckattheaddressabove.InmemoriamWolfgangFikentscherPrefaceAnyonewhoisfamiliarwithAntoinedeSaint-ExuperysTheLittlePrinceknowsthatbehindsomethingobvioustherecansometimesbesomethingcompletelydifferent-thatbehindthedrawingofahattherecanalsobethedrawingofagiantsnakethathasswallowedanelephant.LikeTheLittlePrince,thisbookseekstoopenyoureyestowhatishidden-toallowaglimpsebehindthescenesofanorm.Itgivesanewperspectiveonthepreviouslyunknown,andtheopportunitytodevelopsomethingnew-therebystrengtheningconfidenceinourlegalsystem.Thelawisbecomingevermorecomplex.Findingalegalsolutionisdemandingifacontentiouslegalquestiondoesnotarisedirectlyfromthestatuteorpreviouscaselaw.Thereforeitisindispensabletomasterthebasicsoflegaldoctrineandmethodology.Thosewhoaredrivenbythesearchforajustdecisionwanttodelvedeeperintothelaw.Buthowdoyoudevelopagoodlegalsolutionwhenthelawisnotclearoriscompletelysilent?
Isitbythinkingthroughthefundamentalsofinterestsandevaluationoftherelevantlaws,orisitaconflictoflegalprinciplesofthelegalsystem?
Doesthelegalsolutionrequirerationallyconvincingarguments,ordojudgesmakecreativedecisionsbyvirtueoftheirauthority?
Inaninterviewonherworkasajudge,AngelikaNuGberger,Vice-PresidentoftheEuropeanCourtofHumanRights,said:
Lawisessentiallyascienceofargumentation(chapter1mn.1).Legaldecisionsareacceptediftheyarewellfounded.Theworkprovidesthelawyerwithmorethanahundredlegalargumentationfiguresthatareusedbylawyersworldwidetojustifyalegaldecision.Thisbookaimsnotonlytopresentthetraditionalconceptsofinterpretation,butalsotogobeyondthem-inaninterdisci-plinaryandlegallydoctrinalcontext.Thesourcesoflaw,thetraditionalandmodernconceptsofinterpretationandtheinfluenceoftheConstitutionandEuropeanlawashigher-rankinglawarediscussed.Inaddition,thereisthedemandingsubstantiationoflaw-suchashowtohandlegeneralclauses,trudge-madelawandprinciplesoflaw,determiningtheboundariesofpermissiblelegaldevelopment,anexaminationsequenceoftherelevantargumentationfigures,andthefactualhermeneuticsthataresorelevanttolegalpractice.Thebookdescribesthemostimportantargumentationfiguresanddevelopsamodernlegalmethodology.Itbringsdirectaddedvaluetothestudent,thescholarandthepractitionerintheirdailywork.Itsaimisbothsimpleanddemanding:
toenablelawyerstodevelopsolutionstolegalproblemsthathavenotyetbeenclarified-stepbystepandinsuchawaythatevenintheeventofadisputetheycanconvincetheotherpartyofthemeritsofthelegalargument.ThefirstGermaneditionofthisbookwassoldoutafterafewmonths;areprintsoldoutafteragoodyear.ThisEnglish-languageworkisbasedontheextendedsecondGermanedition.ItwillalsobepublishedinChineseinthenearfuture.Iwouldbedelightedtoreceiveanysuggestionsandcriticismfromreaders.Augsburg,November2019ProfessorDr.ThomasM.J.MollersVIIAcknowledgementsIwouldliketothanktheKurtandFelicitasViermetzStiftung,thelawofficesofSGPSchneiderGeiwitz,NoerrandGSKStockmann,aswellasthepublisherC.H.Beck.TheEnglishtranslationwasonlymadepossiblebytheirgenerousfinancialsupport.Atthispoint,IwouldespeciallyliketothankthosemembersofmyteamattheUniversitywhohaveactivelyassistedmeinrecentyearswiththeproductionoftheGermanandEnglishlanguageversions.Firstandforemost,Iwouldliketothankmymainstaffmembersfortheircriticismofthecontent,IsabellaBrosig,M.Sc.andAss.jur.NatalieHock.MydeepestthanksalsogotoKonstantinSauer,Ass.jur.MatthiasJ.SauerandJulianGlas.InvaluableassistancewiththeformalitiesofpublicationwasprovidedbyPirminHerzandDominicMerk.ThesecondGermaneditionaswellastheEnglisheditionweresupervisedbymystaff,Ass.jur.KonstantinSauerandAss.jur.SebastianSchwarz.Thepublicationformalitieswereassistedbycand.iur.BaharBuldak,LauraMahle,LeaWolf,LisaWolfandTobiasManhardt.MyparticularthanksgoalsotoGillMertensLLB.,LL.M.,M.A.forherworkintranslatingtheGermansecondedition.Theexceptionallypromptandatthesametimethouroughtranslationaswellasthecommittedcooperationwithherwasapleasure.Dipl.-Jur.SandraPaulsontranslatedthefootnotesandappendices.Lastly,Imustacknowledgethecommitmentofallmystudentassistantsandformercolleagueswhohavebeeninvolvedwiththebookinsomeway.Aboveall,Iwouldliketothankmywifeandchildrenforthetimetheyhavegivenmewhileworkingonthisproject.Withoutthem,thebookwouldneverhavebeenwritten.ProfessorDr.M.J.MollersIXTranslatorsnoteSomereadersmaycommentthatthisbookstillcontainsanawfullotofGermanwordsforanEnglishtranslation.ButgiventhatreadersareunlikelytobenativespeakersofGerman,orevennecessarilynativespeakersofEnglish,thereferencestoGermantermsandnamesareessentialforacompleteandgroundedunderstandingoftheconceptsandpremisesdiscussedhere.SincetherearenoofficialversionsofGermanlawsinotherlanguages,anywordschosentorepresentaGermanlegalconceptinanotherlanguagearesubjecttovariationandlackofspecificity.OftennoequivalenttermexistsinEnglish,andtheEnglishtermchosenisamereparaphrase.Thisisespeciallysowhenoneconsiderstheradicaldifferencesbetweendifferentlegalsystems,includingthecivillaw,thecommonlaw,internationallawandEUlaw.ReadersneedtoknowtheoriginalGermantermorconceptfortheirwideracademicreadingineitherGermantextsorinotherlanguages.OtherliteraturemayuseslightlydifferentEnglishterms.JustastheuseofGermanlegallanguagemayvaryfromtheunderstandingofaterminordinaryuseofGerman,apotentialmisunderstandingofmeaningcanbegreatlymagnifiedifreadersunconsciouslytransposetheirownunderstandingofanEnglishlegaltermorEnglishwordontotheGermanconcept.Inordertoinsertanon-verbalreminderintothetext,non-Englishtermsareitalicised.BritishEnglishspellingisused,buttheEnglishtermschosenarenottobeunderstoodasreferringspecificallytotheUnitedKingdom(unlessspecificallystated)asthisbookisintendedforaninternationalreadership.Thecombinationofthetextdescriptionsandthemeticulousandextensivefootnotesandcrossreferencesaredesignedtoallowthenon-GermanspeakertoidentifyandaccessGerman-languageresourceswithconfidence.Manylegislativereferenceshavebeenincluded.Atthefirstappearancewithineachchapter,thefullreferencetotheGermanlawisgiven,includingitsacronymforeasyreferenceandthemostwidelyacceptedtranslationofthenameintoEnglish.Thereafterinthatchapter,thelawisreferredtoeitherbytheEnglishname(inthetext)orbyitsacronym(inthefootnotes).TheEnglishtranslationsofGermanlawsreferencedcanmostlybefoundontheGesetzeimInternetwebsite.1ThisbookcontainsmanyreferencesinparticulartothetranslationsoftheGermanCivilCode(BiirgerlichesGesetzbuch-BGB)2andtheBasicLawfortheFederalRepublicofGermany(Grund-gesetz-GG).3ThetranslationsofGermancasesarebythetranslator.FullreferencesalloweasyaccesstotheoriginalGermansourcetext.41MadeavailablebytheFederalMinistryofJusticeandConsumerProtection(BundesministeriumderJustizundfurVerbraucherschutz-BMJV)andtheFederalOfficeofJustice(BundesamtfurJustizamt-BtJ),cf.https:
/www.gesetze-im-internet.de.2TranslationbytheLangenscheidtTranslationService;https:
/www.gesetze-im-internet.de/eng-lisch_bgb/index.html.3Translationby:
ProfessorChristianTomuschatandProfessorDavidP.Currie.Translationrevisedby:
ProfessorChristianTomuschatandProfessorDonaldP.KommersincooperationwiththeLanguageServiceoftheGermanBundestag;https:
/www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_gg/index.html.4FurtherreferencestoonlinedatabasesforstatutesandcasescanbefoundattheendoftheListofAbbreviationsandintheAppendixattheendoftheTableofCases.XITranslatorsnoteMyprofusethanksgotoProfessorMollersandtheentireteamattheUniversityofAugsburgfortheirmagnificentsupport,cooperationandassistanceduringthisproject.Munich,November2019GillMertensLLB,LLM,MATableofcon
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