自主招生华约英语试题.docx
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自主招生华约英语试题.docx
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自主招生华约英语试题
2012年“华约”自主招生AAA英语试题及答案
2012年“华约”高水平大学自主选拔学业能力测试
阅读与写作(第二部分)
注意事项:
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Section I Reading
PartA
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordorphraseforeachnumberedblank(30points)
Therearetwoleading,complementaryviewsonthesourcesofworkplacestress.Understandingthedifferencebetweenthetwoisthefirststepinlearninghowtocope.
Thefirstregardsstressascomingfromhowyou_18_yoursituation.Forexample,onedayyourbossemergesfromalong,closed-doormeeting_19_upset.Thenshee-mailsyourequestingameeting.Doyou_20_thinkyou’dbefired?
Ifyourmindstartsspinningadisaster,it’senoughtodriveyourbodytoastress_21_.Tocopewithit,youmaynotbeabletoavoidthestir,_22_youcanlearntochangeyourresponseand_23_yourmindStartkeepingalistofeverythinginyourdaythatcausesstressIstheresomethingnewor_24_inyourworklife?
Docertaincolleaguesmakeyour_25_boil?
Findhoweveryitem_26_thelistmakesyoufeelandthenaskyourself,”Ismyreactioncorrector_27_thetop?
”Thisstepis__28_,becauseonceyouunderstandwhereyouremotionsarecomingfrom,youcanfinda_29_waytodealwiththem.
Theotherviewsaysoutsidefactors,_30_distressingworkenvironments,mostlydriveworkplacestress.Common_31_ofstress-causingenvironmentsincludenon-communicativebosses,_32_isolatingwork,andjobsthatrequiremucheffortbutofferlittle_33_.Findinganotherjobmaybethemosteffectivesolutioninthelongrun.But_34_thejobmarketimproves,findwaystoregainasenseofcontroloveryourtimeandyou_35_Ifyoumustendureatwo-hourtripinrush-hourtraffictoarriveattheofficeby9am,startyourworkdayearliersoyou_36_theworsttimetotravel.Ifyoucan’t_37_yourcolleagues,shutyourofficedoorortakeyourworktoaconferenceroomforpartoftheday.
18.[A]believe [B]perceive [C]receive [D]relieve
19.[A]feeling [B]keeping [C]looking [D]turning
20.[A]constantly [B]currently [C]immediately [D]occasionally
21.[A]situation [B]reaction [C]condition [D]association
22.[A]and [B]reaction [C]condition [D]if
23.[A]calm [B]change [C]set [D]speak
24.[A]creative [B]different [C]familiar [D]successful
25.[A]blood [B]body [C]head [D]heat
26.[A]among [B]within [C]on [D]to
27.[A]under [B]over [C]beyond [D]at
28.[A]clear [B]key [C]simple [D]usual
29.[A]healthier [B]newer [C]readier [D]stronger
30.[A]as [B]despite [C]except [D]like
31.[A]appearances [B]atmospheres [C]categories [D]characteristics
32.[A]socially [B]publicly [C]organizationally [D]personally
33.[A]wealth [B]profit [C]award [D]reward
34.[A]after [B]although [C]until [D]when
35.[A]positions [B]properties [C]spaces [D]surroundings
36.[A]avoid [B]miss [C]prevent [D]resist
37.[A]accept [B]convince [C]please [D]stand
PartB
Inthefollowingarticle,somesentencesorparagraphshavebeenremoved.Forquestions38to42,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-FtofitintoeachofthenumberedgapsThereisONEwhichdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps(15points)
Mostobserversagreethatcommunicationmediaandtechnologieshavecontributedtoasocietythatischangingveryrapidly.Therekeyissueshaveariseninthetideofthisrapidchange:
individualprivacy,coverageofpoliticsinthemedia,andtheavailabilityofinformation.
ThefirstissueisprivacyNewcommunicationandinformationtechnologieshaveenabledmanyorganizationsandpeopletocollect,organize,andsellinformationaboutotherpeopleandorganizations,bothquicklycheaply.Theeasyavailabilityofpersonalinformationmakesbanking,education,healthcare,andsalesmuchmoreconvenientforbothconsumersandsellers.Creditcardandautomatedtellermachine(ATM)systemswouldbeimpossiblewithoutlargedatabasesofinformationavailableondemand.Scannersinthesupermarketrapidlyandaccuratelyrecordeveryitemthatpassesoverthem,makinggrocerycheckoutsfasteranderrorfree38
Thenegativesidetoallthissharedinformationisthatthereislittlecontroloverwhoseesorusesthispersonalinformation.39 Creditreporterrorsoccuroftenandcanbeverydamagingtoaperson’sfinancialsituation.ManyAmericansworrythathavingsomuchoftheirpersonalinformationavailabletosomanyothersmayhurttheirprivacy.
Thesecondissueiscoverageofpolitics.SomeresearchersbelievethatmedianewscoverageofcampaigninghashurtthepoliticalprocessintheUnitedStates.40 Otherresearchersthinkthatthemedia,especiallynewspapersandtelevision,havehelpededucateAmericansaboutthepoliticalprocess,andhavemadethemmorecriticalandcarefulvoters.
Thepennypress,publiceducation,andpubliclibrariesareuniquelyAmericaninventionsthatweremeanttoensurethatAmericanscouldeducatethemselvesaboutimportantissuesandevents,andsobeabletomakepoliticaldecisions.Today,however,mostcitieshaveonlyonenewspaper(andthereforenocompetingpointsofviewinthepress);publiceducationisexperiencingunprecedentedfinancialdifficultiesandlackofpublicconfidence,andgovernmentsarecuttinglibrarybudgetstotheminimum41
Anotherconcernamongresearchersstudyingchangesinsocietyisinformationequity—thegrowinggapbetweentheinformationrich(peoplewitheasyaccesstoinformation)andtheinformationpoor(peoplewithlessaccesstoinformation).Asnewtechnologiesandcommunicationservicesemerge,theservicecompanieswouldliketofindreceptive–andpaying—audiences.42 AT&Tprovided”universalserviceataffordableprices”sothatmostpeoplecouldaffordlocaltelephoneservice.
[A]Inthisclimate,manyresearchersareconcernedthatAmericansmaynothaveaccesstoreliableinformation,althoughsomebelievethatmorecitizenswillturntotheInternetandtheWorldWideWebassourcesofinformationaboutkeyissues.
[B]Companiesmaintainhugemailinglistsofcustomersthatrecordnotonlytheirnames,addresses,andphonenumbers,butalsomajorrecentpurchases,creditratings,anddemographicinformation(suchassex,age,income,andeducationallevel)thathelpsthecompaniesidentifytargetmarketsforspecificproducts.
[C]Medicalrecordsaresharednotonlybydoctors’officesandhospitalsbutareregularlymadeavailabletoinsurancecompaniesaswellAutoinsurancecompaniesobtaininformationabouttrafficviolationsfromstateandlocalpolicedepartments.
[D]Newspapercirculationhasdeclined,andmagazineandbookpriceshaveincreasedsharply.Onlineservices(Internetserviceproviders)chargecustomersbythehourtoconnecttotheirnetworks.
[E]Newspapers,radio,andtelevisionwereformanyyearsthemajorsourcesofday–to-dayinformation,andtheywereveryinexpensivefortheaudience.Broadcastsignalscouldbereceivedfreeofcharge,anddailynewspaperssupportedthemselvesmainlywithadvertisingsothatpercopypricesstayedlow.
[F]Theycitethedecliningratesofvoterparticipationandnegativepublicopinionsaboutpoliticsandpoliticiansasevidencethatdespitethecoverage,Americansknowlessaboutpolitics,andthereforearemoresubjecttopoliticalcontrolthaneverbefore.
PartC
43.ReadthefollowingtextandsummarizeitinChinese.Youshouldwriteapproximately200characters.(20points)
Britishgovernmenttodayunveiledplansforstrengtheningtheregulationofhomeeducation,forcingfamilieswhochoosenottosendtheirchildrentoschooltoregisterannuallywiththeirlocalauthorities,submitlearningplansandundergoregularinspections.Iftheyfailtheinspectionstheycouldbemadetosendtheirchildrentoschool.
Theplans,containedinanindependentreportwhichwasimmediatelybackedbyministers,wereorderedtoaddressconcernsthathomeeducationhasbeenusedasacoverforchildabuseGrahamBadman,thechildprotectionexpertwholedthereview,saidtheyhadfoundstrongevidencethatchildprotectionconcernsaremorecommonamonghome-educatingfamilies,andthattherecouldbeas80000childrenwhoseparentshavekeptthemoutofschooling.
Undertheplans,parentswillbylawhavetoregistertheirchildonceayearwiththeirlocalcouncil,andprovideastatementofwhatandhowtheyintendtoteachtheirchildrenoverthecomingyearAninspectorfromthelocalauthorities-aheadteacher,socialworkerorchildpsychologist-willvisitthefamilyonceayeartoassesswhethertheeducationpromisedbytheparentsisbeingdelivered.
Thelawwillalsobechangedtogivethelocalauthoritytherighttoenterthefamily’shomeandtalktothechildwithoutaparentbeingpresentParentswillbegiventwoweeks’noticeofavisitfromthelocalauthority.
Badmansaidthatthereneededtobeafurtherreviewtodeterminetheminimumstandardsofeducationthatparentsshouldprovide,butadded:
“Attheageofeighttheyshouldbereasonablyindependentlearners,competentinhandingnumbers.”
Thereportalsorecommendsthatlocalauthoritiesprovidemoresupporttofamilieswhoarehomeedncating,includingextendingsomeformsofflexibleschoolingthatwouldallowtheirchildrentotakepartinsomelessonsatschool,useschoollibrariesormusiclessons.
Localauthoritieswouldrefuseregistration,ifthereareconcernsaboutthesafetyofthechild,butcouldalsotakecourtactiontoforceachildtoattendsch
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