高考必做高考真题word版可编辑原题及逐题详细解析辽宁卷英语真题试题+答案解析.docx
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高考必做高考真题word版可编辑原题及逐题详细解析辽宁卷英语真题试题+答案解析.docx
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高考必做高考真题word版可编辑原题及逐题详细解析辽宁卷英语真题试题+答案解析
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(辽宁卷)
英语试题
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分60分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Anewstudyshowsstudentswhowritenotesbyhandduringlecturesperformbetteronexamsthanthosewhouselaptops(笔记本电脑).
Studentsareincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornote-takingbecauseofspeedandlegibility(清晰度).Buttheresearchhasfoundlaptopusersarelessabletorememberandapplytheconceptstheyhavebeentaught.
Researchersperformedexperimentsthataimedtofindoutwhetherusingalaptopincreasedthetendencytomakenotes“mindlessly”bytakingdownwordforwordwhattheprofessorssaid.
Inthefirstexperiment,studentsweregiveneitheralaptoporpenandpaper.Theylistenedtothesamelecturesandweretoldtousetheirusualnote-takingskills.Thirtyminutesafterthetalk,theywereexaminedontheirabilitytorememberfactsandonhowwelltheyunderstoodconcepts.
Theresearchersfoundthatlaptopuserstooktwiceasmanynotesasthosewhowrotebyhand.However,thetypistsperformedworseatrememberingandapplyingtheconcepts.Bothgroupsscoredsimilarlywhenitcametomemorizingfacts.
Theresearchers’reportsaid,“Whilemorenotesarcbeneficial,ifthenotesaretakenmindlessly,asismorelikelythecaseonalaptop,thebenefitdisappears.”
Inanotherexperimentaimedattestinglong-termmemory,studentstooknotesasbeforebutweretestedaweekafterthelecture.Thistime,thestudentswhowrotenotesbyhandperformedsignificantlybetterontheexam.
Thesetwoexperimentssuggestthathandwrittennotesarcnotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstanding,butthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuture.
21.Moreandmorestudentsfavorlaptopsfornote-takingbecausetheycan.
A.writemorenotesB.digestconceptsbetter
C.gethigherscoresD.understandlecturesbetter
22.Whiletakingnotes,laptopuserstendtobe.
A.skillfulB.mindless
C.thoughtfulD.tireless
23.Theauthorofthepassageaimsto.
A.examinetheimportanceoflong-termmemory
B.stressthebenefitoftakingnotesbyhand
C.explaintheprocessoftakingnotes
D.promotetheuseoflaptops
24.Thepassageislikelytoappearin.
A.anewspaperadvertisementB.acomputertextbook
C.asciencemagazineD.afinancereport
B
(Q=Question;A=Answer)
SituationI
Q:
Ifsomeonesitsrightnexttomeinanemptymovietheater,isitrudetomove?
A:
Maybe,butnobodywillfaultyouforit.Chancesarethattheclosesitterdoesn’trealizehedisturbsyou,sohemaymissyourannoyance.Youundoubtedlyaren’tthefirstpersonhe’smetwhoneedsenoughroom.Forgivehisbadjudgment,movequietlyandenjoytheshow.
SituationII
Q:
If1usethebathroomatastore,doIneedtobuysomething?
A:
Considerfrequencyandurgency.Isthisaone-timethingoranemergency?
Ifso,youdon’thavetobuyanything,butitwouldbekindifyoudid.However,ifyouregularlyusethebathroomatthisplace,thenyouarcacustomer,andyoushouldactlikeone.
SituationIII
Q:
Ifsomeoneistalkingloudlyonthebus,isthereaniccwaytoaskhimtokeepitdown?
A:
No.Tryothermeans:
1)Stareathimuntilhegetsawareofitandquietsdown.2)Liftyourfingerinasilencemotion(动作)andsmile.3)Putonearphonesandignorehim.
SituationIV
Q:
IfIremembermyfriend’sbirthdayadaylate,shouldIapologizeorjustwishherahappybirthdaylikenothinghappened?
A:
Thisisthereasonwhythewordbelatedwasinvented.“Happybelatedbirthday!
”isshortfor:
“Well.IknowIforgot,butthenIremembered.Forgivemeandhappybirthday.”
SituationV
Q:
CanIlieaboutseeingatextbecauseIwasloobusyorlazytorespondtoit?
A:
Don’tlie.Receivingatextdoesnotmeanyouneedtorespond(回复)toit.Whywasteaperfectlygoodliewhenthetruthwillserve?
“Yes,”youcansayifeverasked,“Isawit.”Noexplanationisneededastowhyyoudon’trespond.
25.Youwillgetannoyedinatheaterwhen.
A.apersonistooactive
B.apersonistoorudetoyou
C.apersontalkstooloudly
D.apersonsitstooclosetoyou
26.Howwillyouquietsomeonedowninapublicplace?
A.Bymakingfunofhimcontinuously.
B.Bylookingpurposefullyathim.
C.Bytalkingtohimdirectly.
D.Bypointingangrilyathim.
27.Theunderlinedword“belated”inSituationIVprobablymeans.
A.prcdictcdB.returnedC.cancelledD.delayed
28.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Modernwaystomindyourmanners.
B.Differentwaystochangeothers’manners.
C.Propermannerstoofferhelptoothers.
D.Goodmannerstotalktopeople.
C
Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,likeanimals,treescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenextgeneration?
UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarccompetingforsurvivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwronghewas.Infact,theoppositeistrue:
treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupport,passingaroundnecessarynutrition“dependingonwhoneedsit”.
Nitrogen(氮)andcarbonaresharedthroughmilesofundergroundfungi(真菌)networks,makingsurethatalltreesintheforestecologicalsystemgiveandreceivejusttherightamounttokeepthemallhealthy.Thishiddensystemworksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons(神经元)inourbrains,andwhenonetreeisdestroyed,itaffectsall.
Simardtalksabout“mothertrees”,usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.Sheexplainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.Whenhumanscutdown“mothertrees”withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties”orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.
“Wedidn’ttakeanynoticeofit.”Simardsayssadly.“Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying,butwenevergivethemchance.”Ifwecouldputacrossthemessagetotheforestryindustry,wecouldmakeahugedifferencetowardsourenvironmentalprotectioneffortsforthefuture.
29.Theunderlinedsentence“theoppositeistrue”inParagraph2probablymeansthattrees.
A.competeforsurvival
B.protecttheirownwealth
C.dependoneachother
D.providesupportfordyingtrees
30.“Mothertrees”areextremelyimportantbecausethey.
A.lookthelargestinsizeintheforest
B.passonnutritiontoyoungtrees
C.seemmorelikelytobecutdownbyhumans
D.knowmoreaboutthecomplex“treesocieties”
31.Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto.
A.how“treesocieties”work
B.howtreesgrowold
C.howforestryindustrydevelops
D.howyoungtreessurvive
32.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.OldTreesCommunicateLikeHumans
B.YoungTreesAreInNeedOfProtection
C.TreesAreMoreAwesomeThartYouThink
D.TreesContributeToOurSociety
D
TravisisthemanagerofG&Gwhereheisresponsibleforfortyemployees(雇员)andprofits(利润)ofover$2millionperyear.He’sneverlatetowork.Hedoesnotgetupsetonthejob.Whenoneofhisemployeesstartedcryingafteracustomerscreamedather,Travistookheraway.“Yourworkinguniformisyourshelter,”hetoldher.“Nothinganyonesayswilleverhurtyou.Youwillalwaysbeasstrongasyouwanttobe.”
TravispickedupthatlectureinoneofhisG&Gtrainingcourses,aneducationprogramthatbeganonhisfirstdayandcontinuesthroughoutanemployee’soccupation.Thetraininghas,Travissays,changedhislife.G&Ghastaughthimhowtolive,howtofocus,howtogettoworkontime,andhowtomasterhisemotions(情绪).Mostimportantly,ittaughthimwillpower.
Atthecenterofthateducationisanextremefocusonanall-importanthabit:
willpower.Dozensofcasesshowthatwillpoweristhesinglemostimportanthabitforapersonssuccess.
Andthebestwaytostrengthenwillpoweristomakeitintoahabit.“Sometimesitlookslikepeoplewithgreatself-controlaren’tworkinghard—butthat’sbecausethey’vemadeitautomatic,”AngelaDuckworth,oneoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaresearcherssaid.“Theirwillpoweroccurswithoutthemhavingtothinkaboutit.”
Thecompanyspentmillionsofdollarsdevelopingprogramsofstudytotrainemployeesonself-control.Managerswroteworkbooksthatserveasguidestohowtomakewillpowerahabitinworkers’lives.Thosecoursesare,inpart,whyG&Ghasgrownfromasleepycompanyintoalargeonewithmorethanseventeenthousandstoresandprofitsofmorethan$10billionayear.
33.WelearnfromParagraph2thatemployeesinG&Gmust.
A.learntogivelectures
B.attendeducationprograms
C.designaworkinguniform
D.developacommonhobby
34.Willpowerwillbecomeahabitwhenemployeescan.
A.focusontheprofits
B.benefitfromthejob
C.protectthemselveswell
D.controltheirfeelingswell
35.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.G&Ghasgrownintoalargecompany.
B.G&Gwillspendhalfitsprofitstrainingemployees.
C.G&Gmaybecomemoresuccessfulinthefuture.
D.G&Ghastoproducemoreworkbooksformanagers.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Eyesightplaysaveryimportantroleinourdailylife.Everywakingmoment,theeyesareworkingtoseetheworldaroundus.OverfortypercentofAmericansworryaboutlosingeyesight,butit’seasytoincludestepsintoourdailylifetoensurehealthyeyes.Herearefivesuggestionsforalifetimeofhealthyeyesight:
•Scheduleyearlyexams.36Expertsadviseparentstobringbabies6to12monthsofagetothedoctorforac
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