Robert Norton Noyce.docx
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Robert Norton Noyce.docx
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RobertNoyce
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RobertNoyce
Born
December12,1927(1927-12-12)
Burlington,Iowa
Died
June3,1990(1990-06-03)(aged 62)
Austin,Texas
Almamater
GrinnellCollege
MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology
Occupation
Co-founderofFairchildSemiconductorandIntel
Spouse
ElizabethBottomley
AnnBowers
Children
WilliamB.Noyce
PendredNoyce
PriscillaNoyce
MargaretNoyce
Parents
RalphBrewsterNoyce
HarrietMayNorton
RobertNortonNoyce(December12,1927–June3,1990),nicknamed"theMayorofSiliconValley",co-foundedFairchildSemiconductorin1957andIntelin1968.Heisalsocredited(alongwithJackKilby)withtheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitormicrochipwhichfueledthepersonalcomputerrevolutionandgaveSiliconValleyitsname.[1][nb1]Noycewasalsoamentorandfather-figuretoanentiregenerationofentrepreneurs.
Contents
[hide]
∙1Biography
o1.1Earlylife
o1.2Education
o1.3Career
o1.4Family
o1.5Awardsandhonors
o1.6Legacy
o1.7Patents
∙2Notes
∙3References
∙4References
∙5Furtherreading
∙6Externallinks
[edit]Biography
[edit]Earlylife
HewasbornonDecember12,1927,inBurlington,Iowa.[nb2][nb3][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]Hewasthethirdoffoursons[5][6]oftheRev.RalphBrewsterNoyce.[10][11]Hisfatherwasa1915graduateofDoaneCollege,a1920graduateofOberlinCollege,anda1923graduateofChicagoTheologicalSeminary.HewasaCongregationalclergymanandtheassociatesuperintendentoftheIowaConferenceofCongregationalChurchesinthe1930sand1940s.Hismother,HarrietMayNorton,a1921graduateofOberlinCollege,wasthedaughteroftheRev.MiltonJ.Norton,aCongregationalclergyman,andLouiseHill.Shehasbeendescribedasanintelligentwomanwithacommandingwill.[12]
Hisearliestchildhoodmemoryinvolvesbeatinghisfatheratpingpongandfeelingabsolutelydevastatedwhenhismother'sreactiontothisthrillingnewswasadistracted"Wasn'tthatniceofDaddytoletyouwin?
"Evenattheageoffive,Noycewasoffendedbythenotionofintentionallylosingatanything."That'snotthegame,"hesulkedtohismother."Ifyou'regoingtoplay,playtowin!
"[13]
Inthesummerof1940,whenhewas12,hebuiltaboy-sizedaircraftwithhisbrother,whichtheyusedtoflyfromtheroofoftheGrinnellCollegestables.Laterhebuiltaradiofromscratchandmotorizedhissledbyweldingapropellerandanenginefromanoldwashingmachinetothebackofit.[14]
[edit]Education
HegrewupinGrinnell,Iowaandattendedthelocalschools.HeexhibitedatalentformathandsciencewhileinhighschoolandtooktheGrinnellCollegefreshmanphysicscourseinhissenioryear.HegraduatedfromGrinnellHighSchoolin1945andenteredGrinnellCollegeinthefallofthatyear.HegraduatedPhiBetaKappawithaBAinphysicsandmathematicsfromGrinnellCollegein1949.Healsoreceivedasignalhonorfromhisclassmates:
theBrownDerbyPrize,whichrecognized"theseniormanwhoearnedthebestgradeswiththeleastamountofwork".HereceivedhisPh.D.inphysicsfromMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyin1953.Hestudiedthefirsttransistors,developedatBellLaboratories,inaGrinnellCollegeclassroom.
Whileanundergraduate,NoyceattendedaphysicscourseoftheprofessorGrantGaleandwasfascinatedbythephysics.GalegotholdoftwooftheveryfirsttransistorsevertocomeoutofBellLabsandshowedthemofftohisclassandNoycewashooked.[nb4][nb5][nb6][12][15][16][nb7][nb8][16]GrantGalesuggestedthatheapplytothedoctoralprograminphysicsatMITwhichhedid.[17]Hehadamindsoquickthathisgraduateschoolfriendscalledhim"RapidRobert".[18]
[edit]Career
AftergraduatingfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyin1953,hetookhisfirstjobasaresearchengineeratthePhilcoCorporationinPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania.Heleftin1956fortheShockleySemiconductorLaboratoryinMountainView,California.
HejoinedWilliamShockleyattheShockleySemiconductorLaboratory,[19]adivisionofBeckmanInstruments,butleftwiththe"TraitorousEight"[20]in1957,uponhavingissueswithrespecttothequalityofitsmanagement,andco-foundedtheinfluentialFairchildSemiconductorcorporation.AccordingtoShermanFairchild,Noyce'simpassionedpresentationofhisvisionwasthereasonShermanFairchildhadagreedtocreatethesemiconductordivisionfortheTraitorousEight.[20]
NoyceandGordonE.MoorefoundedIntelin1968whentheyleftFairchildSemiconductor.[18][21]ArthurRock,thechairmanofIntel'sboardandamajorinvestorinthecompanysaidthatforInteltosucceed,IntelneededNoyce,MooreandGrove.Anditneededtheminthatorder.Noyce:
thevisionary,borntoinspire;Moore:
thevirtuosooftechnology;andGrove:
thetechnologistturnedmanagementscientist.[22]TherelaxedculturethatNoycebroughttoIntelwasacarry-overfromhisstyleatFairchildSemiconductor.Hetreatedemployeesasfamily,rewardingandencouragingteamwork.Hisfollow-your-blissmanagementstylesetthetoneformanyValleysuccessstories.Noyce'smanagementstylecouldbecalleda"rollupyoursleeves"style.Heshunnedfancycorporatecars,reservedparkingspaces,privatejets,offices,andfurnishingsinfavorofaless-structured,relaxedworkingenvironmentinwhicheveryonecontributedandnoonebenefitedfromlavishperquisites.BydecliningtheusualexecutiveperkshestoodasamodelforfuturegenerationsofIntelCEOs.AtIntel,heoversawTedHoff'sinventionofthemicroprocessor,whichwashissecondrevolution.[23][24][25]
Inhislastinterview,Noycewasaskedwhathewoulddoifhewere"emperor"oftheUnitedStates.Hesaidthathewould,amongotherthings,"makesurewearepreparingournextgenerationtoflourishinahigh-techage.Andthatmeanseducationofthelowestandthepoorest,aswellasatthegraduateschoollevel."
[edit]Family
HemarriedElizabethBottomley[26]in1953anddivorcedin1974.Theyhadfourchildrentogether.OnNovember27,1974NoycemarriedAnnSchmeltzBowers.BowerswasthefirstDirectorofPersonnelforIntelCorporationandthefirstVicePresidentofHumanResourcesforAppleInc.ShenowservesasChairoftheBoardandthefoundingtrusteeoftheNoyceFoundation.Activeallhislife,NoyceenjoyedreadingHemingway,flyinghisownairplane,hanggliding,andscubadiving.
Hebelievedthatmicroelectronicswouldcontinuetoadvanceincomplexityandsophisticationwellbeyonditscurrentstate,leadingtothequestionofwhatusesocietywouldmakeofthetechnology.
NoycesufferedaheartattackathomeonJune3,1990andlaterdiedattheSetonMedicalCenterinAustin,Texas.[27]
Atthetimeofhisdeath,hewasthepresidentandchiefexecutiveofficerofSematechInc,anon-profitconsortiumthatperformsbasicresearchintosemiconductormanufacturing.ItwasorganizedasapartnershipbetweentheUnitedStatesgovernmentand14corporationsinanattempttohelptheAmericancomputerindustrycatchupwiththeJapaneseinsemiconductormanufacturingtechnology.
[edit]Awardsandhonors
InJuly,1959,hefiledforU.S.Patent2,981,877"SemiconductorDeviceandLeadStructure",atypeofintegratedcircuit.ThisindependenteffortwasrecordedonlyafewmonthsafterthekeyfindingsofinventorJackKilby.Forhisco-inventionoftheintegratedcircuitanditsworld-transformingimpact,threepresidentsoftheUnitedStateshonoredhim.
Noycewasaholderofmanyhonorsandawards.PresidentRonaldReaganawardedhimtheNationalMedalofTechnologyin1987.Twoyearslater,GeorgeH.W.BushinductedhimintotheBusinessHallofFame.PresidentGeorgeH.W.Bushpresentedtheaward,sponsoredbytheNationalAcademyofEngineering,inaBlacktieceremonyheldattheStateDepartment.In1990alsoNoyce—alongwithJackKilby,transistorinventorJohnBardeen,andsomeothercelebrities,receiveda"LifetimeAchievementMedal"duringthebicentennialcelebrationofthePatentAct.
NoycereceivedtheFranklinInstitute’sStuartBallantineMedalin1966.[28]HewasawardedtheIEEEMedalofHonorin1978"forhiscontributionstothesiliconintegratedcircuit,acornerstoneofmodernelectronics."[29][30]In1979,hewasawardedtheNationalMedalofScience.NoycewaselectedaFellowoftheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciencesin1980.[31]TheNationalAcademyofEngineeringawardedhimits1989CharlesStarkDraperPrize.[32]
Mr.NoycewasinductedintotheJuniorAchievementU.S.BusinessHallofFamein1989.Thesciencebuildingathisalmamater,GrinnellCollege,isnamedafterhim..
[edit]Legacy
TheNoyceFoundationwasfoundedin1991byhisfamily.ThefoundationisdedicatedtoimprovingpubliceducationinmathematicsandscienceingradesK-12.OntheoccasionofRobertNoyce's84thBirthday,Googledesignedaspecializedlogotohonortheco-founderofIntel.[33]
[edit]Patents
Noycewasgranted15patents.
∙U.S.Patent2,875,141Methodandapparatusforformingsemiconductorstructures,filedAugust1954,issuedFebruary1959,assignedtoPhilcoCorporation
∙U.S.Patent2,929,753Transistorstructureandmethod,filedApril1957,issuedMarch1960,assignedtoBeckmannInstruments
∙U.S.Patent2,959,681Semiconductorscanningdevice,filedJune1959,issuedNovember1960,assignedtoFairchildSemiconductor
∙U.S.Patent2,968,750Transistorstructureandmethodofmakingthesame,filedMarch1957,issuedJanuary1961,assignedtoCleviteCorporation
∙U.S.Patent2,971,139Semiconductorswitchingdevice,filedJune1959,issuedFebruary1961,assignedtoFairchildSemiconductor
∙U.S.P
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