届广东省广州市高三上学期调研测试英语试题解析版.docx
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届广东省广州市高三上学期调研测试英语试题解析版.docx
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届广东省广州市高三上学期调研测试英语试题解析版
2022届广州市高三年级调研考试
英语试题【精品解析】
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Enteringadulthoodisanimportantstepineveryone'slife.Itmeansthatayoungpersonmustsoonleavechildishnessbehindandstarttoshouldergrown-upresponsibilities.
InGermany,“Jugendfeier”isacoming-of-ageceremonyfor14-year-olds.Theygotoschooltopreparefortheoccasion,studyingtopics,suchasculturalrespectandsocialresponsibility,whichwillhelpthembecomeworthycitizens.Thehopeisthattheyoungpeopletakingpartintheceremonywilltakeonthesevaluesforthemselves.
InLatinAmerica,“quinceanera”isacelebrationforgirlsontheir15thbirthday,markingagirl’sentryintowomanhood.Inthepast,“quinceanera”wasintendedtoreadygirlsformarriageandtheyweretaughtcooking,sewing,andotherhouseholdskillsinpreparation.Today,it'ssimilartohowone's18thbirthdayisconsideredanimportantdayinothercultures.
InIndia,thesacredthreadceremonyisperformedwhenaboyisgrown-up.Heisgiventhreesacredthreadsrepresentingthreepromiseshemakes:
torespectknowledge,torespecthisparentsandtorespectsociety.Aftertheceremony,thechild,traditionally,leaveshisfamilytolivewithaGuru(teacher).Atthispointtheboybecomes"twice-born"---firsthisphysicalbirth,andsecondhisintellectualbirththroughateacher'scare.
InVanuatu,youngboyscomeofagebyjumpingoffa98-foot-talltowerwithabungee-likeropetiedtotheirankles,justbarelypreventingthemfromhittingtheground.Attheceremony,thediver'smotherwillholdsomethingrepresentinghischildhood,andafterthejumptheitemwillbethrownaway,representingtheendofchildhood.Heisnowaman,readytoprotectthefamily
21.Whatisthesharedexpectationofthefourcoming-of-ageceremonies?
A.Havingrespectforknowledge
B.Gettingreadytoraiseafamily
CAcquiringcross-culturalawareness
D.Developingasenseofresponsibility
22.WhichappmightappealtopeopleenteringadulthoodinGermany?
A.
B.
C.
D.
23.Inwhichplacearethingswithspecialmeaningsgiventotheyoungattendants?
A.Germany.B.LatinAmericaC.IndiaD.Vanuatu.
A篇本篇是一篇以成人礼为主题的应用文
21-23:
DAC
21.答案为D,主旨题。
由题干sharedexpectation和thefourcoming-of-ageceremonies得知该题问的是四种成人礼的共同期待。
因为第一段作为全篇的主旨,指出成人礼的其中一个意图就是让年轻人开始承担起成年人的责任(shouldergrown-upresponsibilities),下面分段也给出responsibility的原词或近义表达,所以选择D。
22.答案为A,细节题。
由题干InGermany,可定位到第2段,根据第2行的socialresponsibility选择含volunteering的图标,所以选择A。
23.答案为C,细节题。
题干的含义是“在哪个地方,年轻的参与者有被给到有特殊含
义的东西?
”这刚好对应第4段的第2句话,“Heisgiventhreesacredthreadsrepresentingthreepromises…”根据小标题,该地方指India,所以选择C。
B
TodMorganwasbornblind,mentallychallenged,andautistic.Sohecouldn'tsee,hecouldnotlearnlikeotherchildren,andhedidn'tinteractwithpeopleverymuch.Hedidnotseemtohavemuchofachance.Then,whenhewastwoyearsold,hebegantoplaylittlesongsonhistinytoypiano.Hecouldplayperfectlysomeofthechildren'stuneshehadheard.
Today,Todworksasaprofessionalpianist.Heplaysjazz,Broadwaysongs,andclassicalpieces.Afterhearingatune,hecanimitateitalmostperfectlythefirsttimeheplaysit.Hedoesn'tonlyimitate;Todiscreativetoo.Hecanchangeaclassicalpiecetoajazz,ajazztoapolka,andapolkatoawaltz.Inadditiontothep1ano,Todplays13otherinstrumentsandalsosings.Tod'slistofmusicalheroesincludesLouisArmstrong,Mozart,andBeethoven.Howcanthisbe?
Howcansuchaseverelychallengedpersonbesomusicallytalented?
Todhaswhatiscalled“savantsyndrome''---aconditioninwhichamentallychallengedpersonhasatightlydevelopedtalentofaspecifickind.Savantsyndromeisamysterytomedicalresearchers.OnepersonwhoisstudyingsavantsyndromeisDr.DavidBrighton.HesaysthathehasneverseenamusicalsavantlikeTod.Mostmusicalsavantsarelimitedtosimplyrepeatingtunestheyhear.Dr.BrightonpointsoutthatTod'sabilitytocomeupwithhisowntunesisagiantstepbeyondmemorization.
AsforTod,afterstudyingjazzpianoattheMusicSchoolatRiversinMassachusetts,heattendedandgraduatedfromthefamousBerkleeCollegeofMusicinBoston.Todisencouragedbyhisparentsasheperformsallovertheworld,appearingonTVandradioshows.
24.WhatdoestheauthormeanbysayingthatTod“didnotseemtohavemuchofachance"?
A.Todwasnotlikelytobecompletelycured.
B.Tod'schancesofsuccessinlifeweresmall.
C.Tod'sabilitytolearnmusicwasverylimited.
D.Todwouldhavefewopportunitiestomeetothers.
25.Apersonwithsavantsyndromeis.
A.mentallydisabledbutspeciallygifted
B.sociallyinactivebutmusicallytalented
C.physicallydisabledbuthighlyintelligent
D.psychologicallychallengedbutphysicallygifted
26.WhatdistinguishesTodfrommostmusicalsavants?
A.Hismemory.B.Hiscreativity.
B.Hissociability.D.Hislearningspeed.
27.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?
A.Todisatypicalcaseofaseriousdisease.
B.FamilysupportisvitaltoTod'srecovery.
C.MusicconnectsTodtotheworldaroundhim.
D.Musiceducationisacuretothementallydisabled.
B篇本篇是一篇介绍TodMorgan的人物传记
24-27:
BABC
24.答案为B,推断题。
由划线部分定位到文章第1段横线前,再根据横线前说到他双目失明、有精神缺陷并且有自闭症,他看不见、无法像正常人一样学习也无法与人沟通,可知他很难有机会可以成为一个成功人士,并且文中没有提到疾病无法治愈,没有否定他学习音乐的能力,也没有提到他无法见到他人,可以排除ACD选项,所以选择B。
25.答案为A,细节题。
由题干savantsyndrome可定位到第3段破折号后,解释说明是什么样的condition--有精神缺陷但是在某一方面非常天赋,所以选择A。
26.答案为B,细节题。
根据distinguish可知要找到他与众不同的方面,可以直接定位到第3段hasneverseen…likeTod,并且在后问提到大多数musicalsavant是simplyrepeatingtunes,但是Tod可以comeupwithhisowntunes而不是只靠memorization,所以他与众不同的关键是有创造力,所以选择B。
27.答案为C,细节题。
根据题文同序原则,可推断该篇最后一题的定位信息会出现在最后一段。
根据最后一段可知,Tod学习jazzpiano并且从著名的音乐学院毕业,他被家人鼓励去向全世界表演自己的音乐,并且文中没有提到他的恢复和治愈,BD选项无中生有,文中也没提到过他是一种严重疾病的案例,排除A,所以选择C。
C
Videoconferencinghasbeenaroundformorethan20years.UntiltheCovid-19pandemic,though,youwouldfindthatmanypeopleneedingtoattendameetingremotelywouldbecallingfromarealconferenceroomfulloftheirteammates.Today,we'reroutinelyholdingvideoconferencesthatare100%virtual(虚拟).Andthisiscreatingaproblemthattechnologycan'tfix.
Theproblemisus,specificallythefactthatwehaven'tevolvedsociallytothepointwherewecanbearmuchseparation.Somuchofourwell-beingandworkproductivityisdecidedonhowclosewearephysically.Theremovalofthatforanyperiodoftimecanbeseverelydamaging.Onesurprisingvictimofsocialdistancingislaughter
Normallypeoplelaughabout18timesperday.And97%ofthattimewe'relaughingwithothers-weare30timesmorelikelytolaughwithothersthantolaughalone.Thinkaboutit:
howoftenwhenyouandyourfriendslaughatsomething,isthatsomethingactuallyfunny?
Researchshowsthat80%ofwhatpeoplelaughatisreallynotthatfunny.
Sowhydopeoplelaugh?
Theylaughinordertolaughwithothers.Justaseveryonestartsyawning(打哈欠)whenjustonepersonyawns,mostpeoplecan'thelpbutlaughwhenthosearoundthemdo.ThisiswhyTVcomedyshowsoftenuseprerecordedlaughtracks.
Laughinginresponsetootherpeople'slaughingisnotjustabehavioralphenomenon.Whenwelaugh,ourbodyproducestwokeychemicals:
endorphinwhichhelpsrelievepainandsetsofffeelingsofpleasure,anddopaminewhichcanimprovelearning,motivationandattention.Infact,studiesshowthatpeoplecanstand15%morepainsimplybylaughingforafewminutesbeforehand.Laughterisalsoassociatedwithhighermotivationandproductivityatwork.
Intoday'shome-alone,virtual-teamworld,thisisexactlywhatyouasateamleadershouldbedoing:
foryourteammemberstostayhealthyandproductive,youneedtogetthemtolaughmoreandstressless.
28.Whatistheproblemmentionedatthestartofthetext?
A.Physicalweakness.B.Lackoftechnology.
C.Socialdistancing.D.Relianceorvirtualconference.
29.Theunderlinedword“This”inparagraph4referstothefactthat
A.laughtracksarepopularB.laughingisuncontrollable
C.laughingstartswithyawningD.laughingcomesmoreeasilyingroups
30.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?
A.Whylaughingisimportanttowork.
B.Howlaughingkeepsusphysicallyhealthy.
C.Whetherlaughingisabehavioralphenomenon.
D.Whatchemicalsourbodyproduceswhenwelaugh
31.Whatwouldtheauthormostprobablydiscussnext?
A.Concretestepstoproducelaughterinateam.
B.Otherfactorsthatmayinfluenceateam'shealth.
C.Waystotelltherealworldfromthevirtualworld.
D.Theimportanceofmaintainingworkproductivity.
C篇本篇是一篇介绍笑的重要性的说明文。
28-31:
CDAA
28.答案为C,细节题。
题干问文章开头提及的问题是什么?
定位到Para1&2,P1结尾“Andthisiscreatingaproblemthattechnologycan'tfix”,视频会议导致了一个科技无法解决的问题。
P2开头:
这个问题是一个事实,我们现在社交上还没有进化到能够忍受长期分离的地步。
故选择C选项,社交距离。
29.答案为D,细节题。
题干问第四段的this指的是什么事实?
定位到第四段的this的前一句,这里提到人们笑的原因是当周围的其他人笑时,大部分人也忍不住一起笑。
而这个笑的原因也就是为什么喜剧节目经常使用预录的罐头笑声。
故选择D选项,人们在人群中会更容易笑。
30.答案为A,主旨题。
题干问第五段的大意是什么?
定位到P5,本段大意:
承接P4,笑不仅仅是一个行为现象。
当我们笑时,身体会产生两种关键的化学物质,帮助我们缓解疼痛,感到愉悦,提高学习、动力、专注力。
事实上,笑和工作时的高动机和高效率有关。
B选项,笑是如何使得我们身体健康,此处的physically不够准确,更应该是mentally。
同时,结合上文章背景工作,故选择A选项,为什么笑对工作很重要。
31.答案为A,细节题。
题干问作者在后续更可能讨论什么?
定位到P6,作为团队领导,为了使你的队员保持健康且高效,你应该使他们多笑减压。
故而选A,在团队中产生微笑的具体步骤。
D篇本篇是一篇关于“穿袜子睡觉有助于睡眠”的说明文
D
Ifyouhavetroublefallingasleep,listenup.Youmightfallasleep15minutesearlierandwakeupfarlessduringthenightifyouputonapairofsocksatbedtime.
Tounderstandwhy,youfirstneedtograsptherelationshipbetweencorebodytemperatureandsleep.Duringdaylighthours,thehumanbodyhasanaveragetemperatureof37℃.Butyourcorebodytemperaturedropsasmuc
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