职称英语理工类A级考前冲刺练习1.docx
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职称英语理工类A级考前冲刺练习1.docx
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职称英语理工类A级考前冲刺练习1
2011年职称英语理工类A级考前冲刺练习1
发表日期:
2010-11-4来源:
中大网校[][网络课堂][在线考试]
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面共有15个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1 Thenewproductsarebeyondofdebate;theyhavebeentestedonmanymarketsallovertheworld.
A conflict
B dispute
C bargain
D negotiation
2 Themajorityofpeoplearoundherearedecentpeople.
A honest
B rich
C good-looking
D high-ranking
3 WithimmensereliefIstoppedrunning..
A no
B little
C scarce
D enormous
4 Icatchcoldnowandthen.
A always
B occasionally
C constantly
D regularly
5 Duetoviolentcompetitionamongtheairlines,travelexpenseshavebeenreducedconsiderably.
A fierce
B strained
C eager
D critical
6 ShecancelledhertriptoParisbecauseshewasill.
A calledoff
B closeddown
C putup
D wentoff
7 Mr.Liusufferedfrommentaltirednessbecauseofstressfromhiscurrentjob.
A damage
B release
C relief
D fatigue
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)
下面这篇短文后列出7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及,请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Cellphonestudiesfindno'consistentevidence'ofcancerlink
AreviewofcellphonestudiescommissionedbytheSwedishRadiationProtectionAuthorityhasfoundno"consistentevidence"ofanincreasedriskofcancerfromusage,theagencysaid.Studieshavedifferedonwhethertheuseofmobilephonesincreasestheriskofcancerasthehandsetshavebecomeincreasinglypopularandefficient.
ThegovernmentalagencyaskedDr.JohnD.BoiceJr.andDr.JosephK.McLaughlinoftheInternationalEpidemiologyInstituteinRockville,Md.,toevaluatepublishedepidemiologicalresearchonthesubject.
Thereviewlookedatninestudiessince1996thatincludedfactorssuchastypeofphone,durationandfrequencyofuseandbraintumorlocation.
"Noconsistentevidencewasobservedforincreasedriskofbraincancer(orotherforms),"thescientistssaidinthereview,releasedWednesday.
Theagencyacknowledgedpublicconcernabouttheissueandsaidmanystudieswerestillbeingperformedandcontinuedfollow-upwasneededonanypossiblecarcinogeniceffectlinkedtomobilephoneusage.
"Youcanneversaythatsomethingiswithoutrisk,butatleastwecansaythatthereisnoscientificevidenceforacausalassociationbetweentheuseofcellularphonesandcancer,"saidLars-ErikPaulsson,aradiationexpertwiththeagency.
ThereviewsingledoutresearchbySwedishoncologistLennartHardell,whichsaidthatlong-termusersofold-fashionedanalogcellphoneswereatleast30%morelikelythannonuserstodevelopbraintumors.Newerdigitalphonesemitlessradiationthanolderanalogmodelsofthesortstudied.
Hardell,whosestudywaspublishedrecentlyintheEuropeanJournalofCancerPrevention,studied1,617patientswithbraintumorsandcomparedthemwithasimilar-sizegroupofpeoplewithouttumors.
ThereviewsaidHardell'sstudyandsomeU.S.researchwithsimilarfindingswere"non-informative,eitherbecausethefollow-upwastooshortandnumbersofcancerstoosmall,orbecauseofseriousmethodologicallimitations."
ItcontrastedthosewiththreestudiesintheUnitedStates,andstudiesinFinlandandDenmark,whichPaulssonsaidusedmorereliablesamplingmethodsandwerebasedonmedicalreportsratherthaninterviewswithpatients.
Thosestudiesfound"aconsistentpicture……thatappearstoruleout,withareasonabledegreeofcertainty,acausalassociationbetweencellulartelephonesandcancertodate,"theagencysaid.
16 SwedishRadiationProtectionAuthoritylookedatpreviousstudies.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
17 Accordingtotheagencyfurtherstudiesonanypossiblecarcinogeniceffectlinkedtomobilephoneusagewereneeded.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
18 Thepublicbelievethatusageofmobilephonesincreasestheriskofcancer.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
19 Newerdigitalphonesreleasemoreradiationthanolderanalogmodelsofthesortstudied.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
20 Hardell'sstudywerebasedonmedicalreports
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
21 StudiesinFinlandandDenmarkusedmorereliablesamplingmethodsandwerebasedonmedicalreports
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
22 Cancerhasarelationtotheuseofcellularphones.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选取项中为第2~5段选择1个正确的小标题;
(2)第27~30题材要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
StudyShowsFacesAreProcessedLikeWords
1Althoughtheyaredramaticallydifferent,wordsandfacesarebothrecognizedbyparts,accordingtoastudypublishedinFebruaryintheJournalofVision,anonline,freeaccesspublicationoftheAssociationforResearchinVisionandOphthalmology(ARVO).
2Ithasbeensuggestedthatfacesandwordsarerecognizeddifferently,thatfacesareidentifiedbywholes,whereaswordsandotherobjectsareidentifiedbyparts.
3However,MarialuisaMartelli,NajibMajaj,andDenisPelli,threeneuroscientistsfromNewYorkUniversity,conductedastudythatfindsindividualsuseletterstorecognizewordsandfacialfeaturestorecognizefaces.
4Toreachthisfinding,experimentswereperformedinwhichobserverswereaskedtofocusonablackdot,totherightofwhichwasaletter.Totheleftofthedotwasathree-letterwordinwhichthelettertotherightwasinthemiddleofthatword.Thevisualexperimentsalsoinvolvedmanipulatedfacesandfacialfeatures.Inthiscase,observerswouldfocusonablackdot.Tothedot'srightwerelipsthatwerefatorthin,orsmilingorfrowning.Totheleftofthedotwasanentireface.
5Whenthewordstotheleftwerespacednormallyandthefacewasofnormalproportions,subjectshadagreatdealofdifficultyidentifyingoutoftheirperipheralvisiontheletterandthecharacteristicsofthelips.Pelliconcludesthatcontexthindersidentificationandcrowdswhatistobeidentified.
6Inasecondexperiment,theobserverswerepresentedwithacontextthatprovedtomakerecognitioneasier.Whereletteridentificationwasinvolved,theletterscomprisingthewordtotheleftofthedotwerespreadout.Whenfaceswereinvolved,thefacialfeaturessimilarlywerespreadapart.Inthisexperiment,subjectsfoundnamingtheletterandrecognizingthetypeoflipstothedot'srightfareasier.Inthiscase,Pellinotes,torecognizeawordorface,eachletterorfacialfeaturemustbeisolatedfromtherest.
7"Thesemeasuresappeartobeidentifyingwhatkindofcomputationisperformedbythebrainindoingthis,"saysPelli.Thebrain,hesays,isrecognizingtheseobjectsby
parts,notaswholes.Ourvisualsystemrecognizes"bite-sizedpieces"ofourworld,andourbrainassemblesthemintotheperceptualobjectsthatconstituteourenvironment.
23Paragraph4_____.
24Paragraph5_____.
25Paragraph6_____.
26Paragraph7_____.
A.Brainrecognizesobjectsbyparts
B.Contextpreventidentificationandcrowdsbeingidentified.
C.Howdoesthebrainperformcomputation
D.Whenrecognizeawordorface,eachletterorfacialfeaturemustbeisolatedfromtherest.
E.facesandwordsarerecognizeddifferently
F.observerswereaskedtofocusonablackdot
27 Inthepastpeoplebelieve_____.
28 namingtheletterandrecognizingthetypeoflipstothedot'srightbecomemoreeasierbecause_____.
29 ourbrain_____.
30 Ourvisualsystem_____.
A lettersandthefacialfeaturesspreadapart
B allthingsareidentifiedbywholes
C facesareidentifiedbywholes
D recognizesourworldbypieces
E recognizingobjectsbypartsandassemblesthemintotheperceptualobjects
F contexthindersidentificationandcrowdswhatistobeidentified.
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每题材后面有4个选项。
请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题,从4个选项中选择一个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
Householdjob
EveryoneknowshowthestoryofCinderellaends,butdidyoueverreallythinkabouthowshespentherdaysbeforeshemettheprince?
Herdailyroutinewasnotfascinating.Shedideverythingfromsweepingthefloortocookingthemeals.IfsomeonehadaskedCinderella,"Arethereanykindsofhouseholdworkthatyouparticularlyhate?
"sheprobablywouldhaveanswered,"Why,none,ofcourse.Houseworkismyduty!
"Intherealworld,however,mostpeoplehavedefinitedislikesforcertainsortsofhouseholdwork.Twoofthesetasksareironingclothesandwashingdishes.
Ironingclothesismosthatedbecauseitisnotataskthatcanbecompletedquicklyorthoughtlessly.Eachpieceofclothingmustbehandledindividually,soironingabasketoflaundrycantakehours!
Afterironingapieceofclothingwithgreatcaution,whichrequiressmoothingoutthefabric,andfollowingtheseams,youneedtoplaceitonahangerassoonaspossible.Ifyoudonotfollowthesedirectionscarefully,itmightbecomewrinkledandyouhavetostartover.Perhapsthatiswhyironingisnotafavoritethingtodo.Itcallsforextremeattentiontodetailfrombeginningtoend.
Anotherhouseholdjobthatmanypeopledislikeiswashingdishes.Ofcourse,somepeopleclaimthatthisworkisnolongeraproblembecausewehavedishwashersnow!
However,noonewouldarguethatdishes,silverware,andespeciallypotsandpanswashedinadishwasherdon'tcomeoutascleanastheydowhenwashedbyhand.Forthisreason,manyofuscontinuestowashourdishesbyhand,butwearenotnecessarilyhappydoingit.Cleaningdishesisajobthatnotonlytakesalotofenergybutalsorequiresthepatiencetowashanddrythem.Inaddition,unlikeironingclothes,washingdishesisathingthatusuallymustbedoneeveryday.Idon'tknowhowCinderellafeltaboutthisparticulartask,butIbelievethatmo
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