英国文学史-名词解释Word格式.doc
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英国文学史-名词解释Word格式.doc
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poetrywritteninunrhymediambicpentameter.
4.Neoclassicism:
theEnlightenmentbroughtaboutarevivalofinterestinGreekandRomanworks.ThistendencyisknownasNeoclassicism.
5.Sentimentalism:
itwasoneoftheimportanttrendsinEnglishliteratureofthelaterdecadesofthe18thcentury.Itconcentratedonthefreeexpressionofthoughtsandemotions,andpresentedanewviewofhumannaturewhichprizedfeelingoverthinking,passionoverreason.
6.Romanticism:
imagination,emotionandfreedomarecertainlythefocalpointsofromanticism.Theparticularcharacteristicsoftheliteratureofromanticisminclude:
subjectivityandanemphasisonindividualism;
freedomfromrules;
solitaryliferatherthenlifeinsociety;
thebeliefsthatimaginationissuperiortoreason;
andloveofandworshipofnature.
7.LakePoets:
theEnglishpoetswholivedinanddrewinspirationfromtheLakeDistrictatthebeginningofthe19thcentury.
8.ByronicHeroes:
avariantoftheRomanticheroesasatypeofcharacter(enthusiasm,persistence,pursuingfreedom),namedaftertheEnglishRomanticPoetGordonByron.
9.Realism:
seekstoportrayfamiliarcharacters,situations,andsettingsinarealisticmanner.Thisisdoneprimarilybyusinganobjectivenarrativepointofviewandthroughthebuildupofaccuratedetail.
10.Aestheticism:
anartmovementsupportingtheemphasisofaestheticvaluesmorethansocio-politicalthemesforliterature,fineart,musicandotherarts.
11.Stream-of-Consciousness:
itisaliterarytechniquethatpresentsthethoughtsandfeelingsofacharacterastheyoccurwithoutanyclarificationbytheauthor.Itisanarrativemode.
12.DramaticMonologue:
akindofnarrativepoeminwhichonecharacterspeakstooneormorelistenerswhoserepliesarenotgiveninthepoem.
13.IambicPentameter:
apoeticlineconsistingoffiveversefeet,witheachfootanunstressedsyllablefollowedbyastressedsyllable,thatis,witheachfootaniamb.
14.Epic:
alongnarrativepoemtellingaboutthedeedsofagreatheroandreflectingthevaluesofthesocietyfromwhichitoriginated.
15.Elegy:
apoemofmourning,usuallyoverthedeathofanindividual;
mayalsobealamentoverthepassingoflifeandbeautyorameditationofthenatureofdeath;
atypeoflyricpoem.
16.Canto:
asectionofalongpoem.Thecantoscanbeagreatpoem
17.Ode:
acomplexandoftenlengthylyricpoem,writteninadignifiedformalstyleonsomeloftyorserioussubjects.Odesarewrittenforaspecialoccasion,tohonorapersonoraseasonortocommemorateanevent.
SpenserianStanza:
anine-linestanzamadeupof8linesofiambicpentameterendingwithanAlexandrine.Itsthymeschemeisababbcbcc.Thisstanzawascommontotravelliterature.
18.MetricalPattern:
alyricpoemoffive14-linedstanzascontainingfourtercetsandaclosingcouplet.Therhymeschemeisababcbcdcdedee.
文学史
中古时期
1.Beowulf《贝奥武甫》:
thenaturalepicoftheEnglishpeople;
Denmarkstory,alliteration,metaphor,understatements
2.SirGawainandGreenKnight《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》
3.GeoffreyChaucer(杰弗里乔叟):
theFatherofEnglishPoetry;
TheCanterburyTales《埃特伯雷故事集》(24stories)
文艺复兴时期
1.ThomasMore:
Utopia《乌托邦》-thecommunicationbetweenmoreandthetravelerwhichjustcamebackfromUtopia.
2.FrancisBacon:
thefirstEnglishEssayist;
Essays《随笔集》-OfStudies,OfTruth(philosophicalandliteraryworks)
3.ThusWyatt:
firsttointroducethesonnetintoEnglishliterature.
4.EdmundSpenser:
Poet'
spoet;
TheFairyQueen《仙后》(toQueenElizabethI)
5.WilliamShakespeare:
Sonnet18(ShallIcomparetheetoasummer'
sday)
17世纪英国文学
1.JohnDonne:
theleadingpoetofMetaphysicalschoolofpoetry;
AValediction:
ForbiddingMourning《分离:
莫忧伤》
2.JohnMilton:
ParadiseLost《失乐园》(arevoltagainstGod'
sauthority),ParadiseRegained《复乐园》(howChristovercameSanta)——storiesweretakenfromBible
3.JohnBunyan:
thesonofRenaissance;
Pilgrim'
sProgress《天路历程》(imagination,shadowing,realisticreligiousallegory)
18世纪英国文学
Novel:
1.theageofreason,classicism,sentimentalismandromanticism(novels,prose,dramas,poetry)
2.DanielDefoe:
representativeofEnglishrealisticnovel;
RobinsonCrusoe《鲁滨逊漂流记》(thedevelopmentofayoungmanfromanaiveandartlessyouthtoacleverandhardenedman)
3.JonathanSwift:
Gulliver'
sTravels《格列佛游记》(fictional,satirical-humannature,theEu
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