理工类A级文档格式.docx
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理工类A级文档格式.docx
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Onetypeisoceanridges.Theseridgesdevelopinplaceswheretwoplatesaremovingawayfromeachother.Astheplatesseparate,hotmagma(岩浆)flowsuptofillthespace.Newcrust(地壳)buildsupontheplateboundariesandcausesoceanridges.Theseridgesformlongmountainranges,whichonlyriseabovetheoceansurfaceinafewplaces.
Anothertypeofreaction-trenches-occursbetweentwoplatesthataremovingtowardeachother.Astheplatesmeet,onebendsdownwardandplungesundemeaththeother.Thisformsdeepoceantrenches.TheMarianasTrenchoffGuaminthewesternPacificOceanhasadepthofmorethan36,000feet.Thisisthelowestpointontheoceanfloor.Iftheleadingedgesofthetwocollidingplatescarrycontinents,thenthelayersofrockintheoverridingplatecrumple(变皱)andfold.AplatethatcarriedwhatisnowlndiacollidedwiththesouthernedgeoftheplatethatcarriedEuropeandmostofAsia.ThiscausedtheHimalayas,theworld'
shighestmountains.
Thethirdreactionistransformfaults(转换断层)。
Thesefaultsoccurwheretwoplatesthataretravelinginoppositedirectionsslidepasteachother.Severeearthquakescanoccur.TheSanAndreasFaultinCalifomiaisagoodexampleofthistypeofmovement.
1.Theword"
stable"
(paragraph1)means
A."
aplaceforhorses"
.
B."
calmandeasygoing"
C."
steadyorfirm"
D."
acollectionofanimals"
2.Toexplaintheeffectoftrenches,thewritergivestheexampleof
A.theseafloorintheAtlanticOcean.
B.theHimalayanMountains.
C.Europe.
D.lndia.
3.TheSanAndreasFaultisanexampleof
A.asevereearthquake.
B.aCaliforniarockformation.
C.twoplatesmovingapart.
D.twoplatesalidingpasteachother.
4.Accordingtothepassage,theearthis
A.alwayschanging.
B.becomingsmaller.
C.movingfaster.
D.gettinghotter.
5.Thispassageismostlyabout
A.effectsofmovementsoftheearth'
splates.
B.differenttypesofcontinents.
C.theMarianasTrench.
D.transformfaults.
【正确答案】:
C B D A A
理工类阅读理解模拟
(1)
ElectricBackpack
Backpacksareconvenient.Theycanholdyourbooks,yourlunch,andachangeofclothes,leavingyourhandsfreetodootherthings.Someday,ifyoudon'
tmindcarryingaheavyload,yourbackpacksmightalsopoweryourMP31player,keepyourcellphonerunning,andmaybeevenlightyourwayhome.
LawrenceC.RomeandhiscolleaguesfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniainPhiladelphia2andtheMarineBiologicalLaboratoryinWoodsHole3,Mass.4,haveinventedabackpackthatmakeselectricityfromenergyproducedwhileitswearerwalks.Inmilitaryactions,search-and-rescueoperations,andscientificfieldstudies,peoplerelyincreasinglyoncellphones,globalpositioningsystem(GPS)5receivers,night-visiongoggles,andotherbatterypowereddevicestogetaroundanddotheirwork.Thebackpack’selectricity-generatingfeaturecoulddramaticallyreducetheamountofawearer’sloadnowdevotedtosparebatteries,reportRomeandhiscolleaguesintheSept.9Science6.
Thebackpack’selectricity-creatingpowersdependonspringsusedtohangaclothpackfromitsmetalframe.Theframesitsagainstthewearer’sback,andthewholepackmovesupanddownasthepersonwalks.Agearmechanismconvertsverticalmovementsofthepacktorotarymotionsofanelectricalgenerator,producingupto7.4watts.
Unexpectedly,testsshowedthatwearersofthenewbackpackaltertheirgaitsinresponsetothepack’soscillations,sothattheycarryloadsmorecomfortablyandwithlesseffortthantheydoordinarybackpacks.Becauseofthatsurprisingadvantage,Romeplanstocommercializebothelectricandnon-electricversionsofthebackpack.
Thebackpackcouldbeespeciallyusefulforsoldiers,scientists,mountaineers,andemergencyworkerswhotypicallycarryheavybackpacks.Fortherestofus,power-generatingbackpackscouldmakeitpossibletowalk,playvideogames,watchTV,andlistentomusic,allatthesametime.Electricity-generatingpacksaren’tonthemarketyet,butifyoudogetoneeventually,justmakesuretolookbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet!
词汇:
backpack/5bAkpAk/n.背包watt/wCt/n.瓦(特)
receiver/ri5si:
vE(r)/n.接收机gait/eit/n.步态,步法
night-visiongoggle夜视镜oscillation/7Csi5leiFEn/n.摆动
spring/spriN/n.弹簧commercialize/kE5mE:
FElaiz/v.商业化
vertical/5vE:
tikEl/adj.垂直的mountaineer/7maunti5niE(r
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