届高考英语阅读理解科普类说明文有解析.docx
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届高考英语阅读理解科普类说明文有解析.docx
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届高考英语阅读理解科普类说明文有解析
科教科普类
1、 Australialeadstheworldinitsnumberofresidentpoisonousspidersaswellasthestrengthoftheirtoxicity(毒性).However,ofalmost9,800speciesmostareperfectlyharmlessandinteresting.
Spiderdiversityisbroadandmanyfascinatingspeciesoccurherethatrangefromthelargetothetinyandhardlynoticed,andfromthedullestblacktothestrangelyshaped.
Spiderscanberoughlyclassifiedaccordingtothestrategies(策略)theyuseforfeeding.Spiderswhichappearedearlierintheevolutionaryscalefeedbywaitinginacaveforfoodtocomealongbeforegrabbingit.Followingthemwerespiderswhichactivelywanderedlookingforfoodandwhichcaughtitbychasingitdown.Theevolutionofflyinginsectsmakesspidersevolvenewwaysofcatchingfoodwhichcouldn’tbechasedandsotheearliestairwebweaversarose.
MostspidersfeedoninsectsandotherarthropodsbuttheWhistlingSpiderfeedsonfrogsandsmallbirds.TheGoldenOrbSpideralsofeedsonsmallbirds.
Aspiderperiodicallysheds(蜕皮;脱落)itsskinsothatitcangrow.Immaturestagesarecalledmoults.Eachspecieshasaparticularnumberofmoultsthatitwillgothroughbeforereachingitsfinaladultstage.
Usually,oncemalespidershavemated,theydieshortlyafter.But,evenindeath,Redbackmalesoftenserveapurpose.ThealreadypregnantRedbackfemalesalwayskilltheirloverand,inmostcases,alsoeatthem.Thisprovidesthemwithasmallreproductiveadvantage.
Allowingspiderstotakeupplacesaroundhousescanbebeneficialinthattheycatchotherannoyinginsectssuchasmosquitoesandflies.
Restassuredthatwhileyoumightseesomelargespiders,andperhapsevensomepoisonousones,agoodruleistolookandadmirebutdon'ttouchanyspideryoufind.Eventhosewithoutpoisoncouldstillhaveanastybite.
1.Differentfamiliesofspidersareidentifiedthemselvesby ______.
A.theirphysicalcharacter
B.theirwaysofgettingfood
C.thestrengthoftheirtoxicity
D.theireffectontheenvironment
2.Whatarethelatestspidersintheirevolutionprocess?
A.Spidersthatchasedowninsectsforfood.
B.Spidersthatwaitfortheinsectstocomealong.
C.Spidersthatcanweavewebstocatchflyinginsects.
D.Spidersthatactivelygoouttolookforinsectsasfood.
3.Ifaspiderstaysonthewallofyourhouse,you’dbetter ______.
A.killit
B.feedit
C.letitbe
D.chaseitout
4.Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?
A.Abriefintroductionofspiders.
B.Theevolutionprocessofspiders.
C.Livingharmoniouslywithspiders.
D.Thelivingandfeeinghabitsofspiders.
2、 Manypeoplebelievethatyoulosetheabilitytolearnnewlanguagesasyougetolder.Languageexperts,however,willtellyouthatyou’renevertoooldtolearnanewlanguage.Asyougetolder,itcanbemoredifficulttolearnanewlanguage,though.
Childrenandadultslearnnewlanguagesindifferentways.Forchildren,languageistheirlife.Theystudyforthousandsofhourseveryyear.Becausetheyneedtolearnlanguagetobecamepartoftheircommunities.Adults,ontheotherhand,arealreadypartofalanguagecommunity.Learninganewlanguagemeansbecomingpartofanotherlanguagecommunity,andadultsrarelygetthechancetopracticeasmuchasyoungchildrendo.
Moreover.childrenleaninganewlanguageareexpectedtomakemistakes.ThisgivesthemfreedomwhenlearningtobedaringandconfidentAdults,however,oftenfeelpressuredtobeperfectwhenlearninganewlanguage.Thiscandiscouragemanypeopleandmakeitevenhardertolearnanewlanguage.
Whenyoungchildrenlearnanewlanguage,theycometoseevariouslanguagesasa“normal”partofsociety.Thismindset(思维模式)helpsthemembracelearninganewlanguagewithoutfeelinglikethey'redoingsomethingunusualor“toohard”.
Soifyouwanttolearnanewlanguage,goforit!
It’snevertoolatetolearnanewlanguage.Ifyou'reolder,itmaytakemorework,butitcanbedone.Ifyou'reayoungchild,though,nowisthetimetostepoutandlearnanewlanguage!
1.By“Languageistheirlife”,theauthormeansthatchildren .
A.can'tlivewithoutlanguage
B.leadahappylifeeveryday
C.practiceanewlanguagealot
D.aretakengoodcareofadults
2.Whatmaymakeithardfortheoldpeopletolearnanewlanguage!
A.Theyareafraidofbeinglaughedat.
B.Theyusuallyhavetoomanyinterests.
C.Theythinkmakingmistakesisnatural.
D.Theyalwaysmakeallkindsofmistakes.
3.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedifferencebetweenchildrenandadultsinlearningnewlanguage?
A.Thebehaviorstheyhave.
B.Thelearningattitudes.
C.Thefutureplanstheyhavemade.
D.Thematerialstheyareusing.
4.Accordingtotheauthor,anewlanguage .
A.canneverbelearnedbytheoldpeople
B.canbegraspedbythepeopleeasily
C.canbeunderstoodon
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