高考英语之高频考点解密十四 阅读理解之推理判断题含答案文档格式.docx
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高考英语之高频考点解密十四 阅读理解之推理判断题含答案文档格式.docx
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即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写(paraphrase)或综合。
常见的题干有:
1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat…
2.Wecanconcludethat…
3.Whenthewritertalksabout...,whathereallymeansisthat…
4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
从历年的高考阅读理解题分析来看,推理判断题所占的比例大概在7%-10%,一般可以归纳为五大题型:
细节推断题、因果推断题、人物性格、预测想象推理题和写作意图推测题。
下面就这五大类型的题目进行剖析:
题型一细节推断题:
常见的设问方式:
Itcanbeinferredfromthepassage/textthat_________.
Theauthormainlysuggeststhat________.
Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_______.
Thewriterimpliesbutnotdirectlystates_______.
Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutnewspapers?
细节判断题属于深层理解题,要求根据语篇内容,推断具体细节。
做此类题目关键是要正确把握文章的内在关系,理解文章的真正含义,要忠实于原文,千万不能主观臆断,随意揣测,更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。
干扰项特点:
1.文章中直接用于表达细节的信息
2.文章中无关紧要或片面推出的结论
3.与文章内容完全相反的结论
4.不合常理或不合逻辑的结论等。
解题技巧
1.要全面分析所有相关信息,切忌片面思考,得出片面结论。
2.要忠实原文,切忌脱离原文,凭空臆断。
3.注意不要选择表层信息答案,应该立足由已知推断未知。
(2019·
浙江卷,A)
ZachariahFikehasanunusualhobby.Hefindsoldmilitary(军队的)medalsforsaleinantiquestoresandontheInternet.Butunlikemostcollectors,Zactracksdownthemedals’rightfulowners,andreturnsthem.
HisefforttoreunitefamilieswithlostmedalsbeganwithaChristmasgiftfromhismother,aPurpleHeartwiththenameCorradoA.G.Piccoli,foundinanantiqueshop.ZacknowsthemeaningofaPurpleHeart-heearnedonehimselfinawarasasoldier.Sowhenhismothergavehimthemedal,heknewrightawaywhathehadtodo.
ThroughtheInternet,ZactrackeddownCorrado’ssisterAdelineRockko.Butwhenhefinallyreachedher,thewomanfloodedhimwithquestions:
"
Whoareyou?
Whatantiqueshop?
"
However,whenshehungup,sheregrettedthewayshehadhandledthecall.SoshecalledZacbackandapologized.SoonshedrovetomeetZacinWatertown,N.Y."
Atthatpoint,Iknewshemeantbusiness,"
Zacsays."
Todriveeighthourstocometoseeme."
ThePiccolisgrewupthechildrenofItalianimmigrantsinWatertown.Corrado,atranslatorfortheArmyduringWWII,waskilledinactioninEurope.
BeforehearingfromZac,Adelinehadn’trealizedthemedalwasmissing.Likemanymilitarymedals,theoneZac’smotherhadfoundwasafamilytreasure."
Thismedalwasveryprecioustomyparents.Onlyonspecialoccasions(场合)wouldtheytakeitoutandletusholditinourhands,"
Adelinesays.
Asachild,Adelinecouldn'
tunderstandwhythemedalwassosignificant.“ButasIgrewolder,”Adelinesays,"
andmissedmybrothermoreandmore,Irealizedthatwastheonlythingwehadleft."
CorradoPiccoli’sPurpleHeartmedalnowhangsattheItalianAmericanCivicAssociationinWatertown.
ZacrecentlyreturnedanotherlostmedaltoafamilyinAlabama.SincehefirstreunitedCorrado’smedal,Zacsayshisrecordisnow5for5.
22.WhatdidZacrealizewhenAdelinedrovetomeethim?
A.Shewasveryimpolite.
B.Shewasseriousaboutthemedal.
C.Shesuspectedhishonesty.
D.Shecamefromawealthyfamily.
23.WhatmadeAdelinetreasurethePurpleHeart?
A.Herparents’advice.
B.Herknowledgeofantiques.
C.Herchildhooddream.
D.Hermemoryofherbrother.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。
ZachariahFike有一个不同寻常的业余爱好:
他在网上和古董店里寻找旧的军队勋章,然后将这些勋章归还它们的合法主人。
文章主要叙述了他这一爱好的起源。
22.B【解析】推理判断题。
根据第三段中的“Todriveeighthourstocometoseeme”可以推知,Adeline为了那枚PurpleHeart开车八个小时来见Zac,由此可知,她对于这件事是认真地。
因此,Atthatpoint,Iknewshemeantbusiness应该指的是Zac意识到Adeline对这枚勋章是认真的。
故B选项正确。
23.D【解析】推理判断题。
根据第四段中的“Corrado,atranslator…waskilledinactioninEurope”和倒数第三段中的“asIgrewolder…andmissedmybrothermoreandmore,Irealizedthatwastheonlythingwehadleft”这枚勋章寄托了Adeline对于去世的哥哥Corrado的回忆和思念,这是他们家留下的唯一关于哥哥的东西了。
因此她很珍惜这枚勋章。
故D选项正确。
题型二预测推断题:
Whatdoyouthinkwillhappenwhen/if…?
Attheendofthispassage,thewritermightcontinuetowrite_______.
Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybeabout_______.
Whichofthefollowingstatementsismostlikelytobetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?
有些内容文章中没有明确说明,这就要求考生根据语篇内容,对事件可能的结局或下一段可能涉及的内容等进行预测、推断。
作这类题时考生应准确把握作者的写作思路,从而作出比较准确的、合情合理的猜测。
解题技巧
In1971wewerelivinginWichita,Kansas—Lincolnwasaboutseven,BrendanwasthreeandKristenwasababy.Momwasstayingwithusduringtheholidays.OnChristmasEveIstayedupverylate.Iwastotallyalonewithmythoughts,alternatingbetweenjoyandsorrow,andIgottothinkaboutmypaperroute(送报),thattree,whatmymotherhadsaidtomeandhowdadhadtriedtomakethingsbetter.
IheardanoiseinthekitchenanddiscoveredthatitwasMom.Shecouldn’tsleepeitherandhadgottenuptomakeherselfacupofhotteawhichmadeherfeelbetter.Asshewaitedfort
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