chemicalreactionengineering3ededition作者octaveLevenspiel课后习题标准答案.docx
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chemicalreactionengineering3ededition作者octaveLevenspiel课后习题标准答案
CorrespondingSolutionsforChemicalReactionEngineering
Chapter1OverviewofChemicalReactionEngineering
1.1Municipalwastewatertreatmentplant.Consideramunicipalwatertreatmentplantforasmallcommunity(Fig.P1.1).Wastewater,32000m3/day,flowsthroughthetreatmentplantwithameanresidencetimeof8hr,airisbubbledthroughthetanks,andmicrobesinthetankattackandbreakdowntheorganicmaterial
(organicwaste)+O2CO2+H2O
AtypicalenteringfeedhasaBOD(biologicaloxygendemand)of200mgO2/liter,whiletheeffluenthasamegligibleBOD.Findtherateofreaction,ordecreaseinBODinthetreatmenttanks.
Wastewater
32,000m3/day
Wastewater
Treatmentplant
Cleanwater
32,000m3/day
200mgO2
needed/liter
Meanresidence
time=8hr
ZeroO2needed
FigureP1.1
Solution:
1.2Coalburningelectricalpowerstation.Largecentralpowerstations(about1000MWelectrical)usingfluidingbedcombustorsmaybebuiltsomeday(seeFig.P1.2).Thesegiantswouldbefed240tonsofcoal/hr(90%C,10%H2),50%ofwhichwouldburnwithinthebatteryofprimaryfluidizedbeds,theother50%elsewhereinthesystem.Onesuggesteddesignwoulduseabatteryof10fluidizedbeds,each20mlong,4mwide,andcontainingsolidstoadepthof1m.Findtherateofreactionwithinthebeds,basedontheoxygenused.
Solution:
Chapter2KineticsofHomogeneousReactions
2.1AreactionhasthestoichiometricequationA+B=2R.Whatistheorderofreaction?
Solution:
Becausewedon’tknowwhetheritisanelementaryreactionornot,wecan’ttelltheindexofthereaction.
2.2Giventhereaction2NO2+1/2O2=N2O5,whatistherelationbetweentheratesofformationanddisappearanceofthethreereactioncomponents?
Solution:
2.3Areactionwithstoichiometricequation0.5A+B=R+0.5Shasthefollowingrateexpression
-rA=2C0.5ACB
Whatistherateexpressionforthisreactionifthestoichiometricequationiswrittenas
A+2B=2R+S
Solution:
Nochange.Thestoichiometricequationcan’teffecttherateequation,soitdoesn’tchange.
2.4Fortheenzyme-substratereactionofExample2,therateofdisappearanceofsubstrateisgivenby
-rA=,mol/m3·s
Whataretheunitsofthetwoconstants?
Solution:
2.5ForthecomplexreactionwithstoichiometryA+3B→2R+Sandwithsecond-orderrateexpression
-rA=k1[A][B]
arethereactionratesrelatedasfollows:
rA=rB=rR?
Iftheratesarenotsorelated,thenhowaretheyrelated?
Pleaseaccountforthesings,+or-.
Solution:
2.6Acertainreactionhasarategivenby
-rA=0.005C2A,mol/cm3·min
Iftheconcentrationistobeexpressedinmol/literandtimeinhours,whatwouldbethevalueandunitsoftherateconstant?
Solution:
2.7Foragasreactionat400Ktherateisreportedas
-=3.66p2A,atm/hr
(a)Whataretheunitsoftherateconstant?
(b)Whatisthevalueoftherateconstantforthisreactioniftherateequationisexpressedas
-rA=-=kC2A,mol/m3·s
Solution:
(a)Theunitoftherateconstantis
(b)
Becauseit’sagasreactionoccuringatthefinedterperatuse,soV=constant,andT=constant,sotheequationcanbereducedto
Sowecangetthatthevalueof
2.9Thepyrolysisofethaneproceedswithanactivationenergyofabout300kJ/mol.
Howmuchfasterthedecompositionat650℃thanat500℃?
Solution:
2.11Inthemid-nineteenthcenturytheentomologistHenriFabrenotedthatFrenchants(gardenvariety)busilybustledabouttheirbusinessonhotdaysbutwererathersluggishoncooldays.CheckinghisresultswithOregonants,Ifind
Runningspeed,m/hr
5
370
Temperature,℃
13
16
22
24
28
Whatactivationenergyrepresentsthischangeinbustliness?
Solution:
Suppose,
sointercept
5
370
-3.1780
-3.1135
-2.7506
-2.5017
-2.2752
13
16
22
24
28
3.4947
3.4584
3.3881
3.3653
3.3206
-y=-5147.9x+15.686
Also,intercept=15.686,
Chapter3InterpretationofBatchReactorData
3.1If-rA=-(dCA/dt)=0.2mol/liter·secwhenCA=1mol/liter,whatistherateofreactionwhenCA=10mol/liter?
Note:
theorderofreactionisnotknown.
Solution:
Informationisnotenough,sowecan’tanswerthiskindofquestion.
3.2Liquidasedomposesbyfirst-orderkinetics,andinabatchreactor50%ofAisconvertedina5-minuterun.Howmuchlongerwouldittaketoreach75%conversion?
Solution:
BecausethedecompositionofAisa1st-orderreaction,sowecanexpresstherateequationas:
Weknowthatfor1st-orderreaction,,
Soequ
(1)
equ
(2)
So
3.3Repeatthepreviousproblemforsecond-orderkinetics.
Solution:
Weknowthatfor2nd-orderreaction,,
Sowehavetwoequationsasfol
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