英语高三英语阅读理解易错剖析及解析.docx
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英语高三英语阅读理解易错剖析及解析.docx
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英语高三英语阅读理解易错剖析及解析
【英语】高三英语阅读理解易错剖析及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Oilisessentialformodernlife.About64percentoftheworld'soilislocatedintheMiddleEast,buttheheaviestconsumersofoilareEurope,America,andJapan.Theproblemliesingettingtheoilfromthecountriesthatproduceittothecountriesthatconsumeit.Thisismainlydoneusingoiltankers.Usuallytheoilisshippedsafelyandwithnoproblems,butoccasionallythereisadisaster.
Everyyearmillionsoftonsofoilarespilledintotheocean.Althoughthisisonlyasmallpercentageofthetotalamountshippedaroundtheworldeachyear,thisspilledoilcanhaveterribleeffectsonoceanlife,includingthecoastlineswheretheoilwashesupontoshore.
OneoftheworstoilspillsinhistoryoccurredalongtheAlaskancoastlinein1989,whentheExxonValdeztankerranagroundoffthecoastofAlaska,spilling42millionlitersofoil.Althoughitwasn'tthelargestoilspill,thedisasterwasterriblebecauseitoccurredinsuchasensitivenaturalarea.Inthisspill,thetanker'scaptain,whowastiredfromoverworkanddrinkingalcohol,hadgonetotakearest.Hegavecontroloftheshiptoanothersailor,whowasunfamiliarwiththeroute.TheshipranontoBlighReef.Damagedbythereef,theshipleakedoiloutintotheocean.Morethan1,600kilometersofcoastlinewereaffectedbytheoilspill.Manybirdsandottersdiedasaresultoftheoilcoveringtheirskin,andmanyotherseacreaturesandtheanimalsthatfedonthemwerealsoseverelyaffected.
(1)WhichcountryisNOTamongthelargestconsumersofoil?
A. Japan
B. Iraq
C. America
D. Germany
(2)Whatdoestheunderlined“them”referto?
A. Thebirds.
B. Theotters.
C. Theseacreatures.
D. Thebirdsandtheotters.
(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?
A. TheoilleakofAlaskaisbecausethecaptainwasunfamiliarwiththeroute.
B. Manybirdsandottersdiedfromeatingthespilledoil.
C. Alaskaspillwasthemostseriousspillofalltime.
D. Althoughsomeoilleakisnotserious,itwillaffectoceanlife.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一次严重的油船漏油事件。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段可知,最大的耗油国为欧洲的国家,美国和日本。
Iraq“伊拉克”不属于其中之一,故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段可知,很多以海洋生物为食的动物也都因为油船漏油而受到了影响。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第三段可知,A选项的漏油事件是由于船长劳累和喝酒去休息了,另一个水手不熟悉路线而造成的。
B选项不是死于吃油,而是死于羽毛被油粘住了。
C选项Alaska漏油事件并非史上最严重的。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Thekilldeer,asmallbirdknownforitshigh-pitched(声调高的)call,couldleadtothecancellation(取消)ofoneofCanada'biggestmusicfestivals.
ThefirsthintoftroubleforOttawa'sBluesfest,anoutdoorfestivalthatdrawsaround300,000peopleeachyear,camelastweekafterworkersatthesitefoundoneofthebirds.Ithadlaidfoureggsnearby,effectivelyclaimingthemainstageareaasitsnestingground."Thisisoneofthemostchallengingproblemswe'vebeenpresentedwith,butwefeelwecanworkthroughthis,"saidMarkMonahan,executivedirectorofthefestival."Anythingthatchangestheschedulehasamajoreffect,sowe'retakingitveryseriously."
Thediscoverymeantthatgovernmentofficialsrushedtoprotectthenestandtheeggs,hiringasecurityguardtowatchoverthem24hoursaday.
Environmentalistswerealsobroughtin."Wedon'tknowwhentheeggsmighthatch,"saidMonahan.Whatisknownisthattheyoungkilldeerwilllikelyleavethenestsoonaftertheyarehatched,leadingmanytohopethattheeggshatchinthenextdayorso.
ThefestivalisnowseekingpermissionfromEnvironmentCanadatorelocate(搬迁)thenestsome50metersawayortakeittoawildlifecenter.Movingthenestwouldalsoensurethebirdanditsyoungwouldbeprotectedduringthefestival's11-dayrun,saidMonahan.It'shighlylikelythatthefestival'sthousandsofattendeeswouldcausehugeproblemsforthebirdanditseggs.Monahanwasconfidentthatthefestivalwouldgoonasplanned,however."Mostofthepeoplewe'reworkingwitharelookingforapositivesolution,"Monahansaid."Thereisnoonesayingthatthefestivalcan'tgoon."
Asnewsofthedilemmaspread,itleftresidentsdivided.Somesupportedthebird,sayingthatmovingthenestmightresultintheeggsbeingabandoned.Othersexpressedannoyancethatprotectingtheeggsofthesmallbird,whichiswidespreadacrossNorthAmerica,wasriskinganannualfestivalthatcontributesmillionsofdollarstothelocaleconomy.
Thekilldeer'stendencytobuilditsnestinopenfieldsorflatareashascausedissuesinotherareasoftheUS:
earlierthisyear,constructionofahealthcenterinWisconsinwastemporarilystoppedafterakilldeeranditsfoureggswerediscovered.
(1)WhatcanwelearnaboutBluesfest?
A.ItisthefirstmusicfestivalinCanada.
B.Itisanimportanteventformusiclovers.
C.Itisamusicfestivalheldeverytwoyears.
D.ItisachallengingoutdooractivityinOttawa.
(2)WhatwasespeciallychallengingforBluesfestthisyear?
A.Pressurefromthegovernment.
B.Disagreementswiththepublic.
C.Theneedtoprotectthebird'seggs.
D.Thelackofexperienceinhostingtheevent.
(3)Howdidthefestivalplantodealwiththeproblem?
A.Movethenesttoanotherplace.
B.Askgovernmentofficialsforhelp.
C.Seekadvicefromenvironmentalists.
D.Hiresecurityguardstoprotecttheeggs.
(4)Theunderlinedword"dilemma"isclosestinmeaningto"______".
A.adifficultsituation
B.anextremesituation
C.adangeroussituation
D.anencouragingsituation
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,对于音乐爱好者来说,非常重大的加拿大音乐事件Bluesfest,在上周工作人员在现场发现了一只小水鸟,它在附近下了四个蛋,把主要舞台区域作为它的筑巢地,以及就主办方准备将鸟巢搬离此处引发了人们讨论。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“ThefirsthintoftroubleforOttawa'sBluesfest,anoutdoorfestivalthatdrawsaround300,000peopleeachyear,camelastweekafterworkersatthesitefoundoneofthebirds.”可知渥太华的Bluesfest,是一个每年吸引约30万人参加的户外节日。
因此Bluesfest,对音乐爱好者来说是一个重要的事件。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Ithadlaidfoureggsnearby,effectivelyclaimingthemainstageareaasitsnestingground.”小水鸟在舞台附近下了4个蛋;和第四段中的“‘Thisisoneofthemostchallengingproblemswe'vebeenpresentedwith,butwefeelwecanworkthroughthis,’saidMarkMonahan,executivedirectorofthefestival.”音乐节执行总监说:
“这是我们面临的最具挑战性的问题之一,我觉得我们可以解决这个问题”。
得知保护鸟蛋是今年Bluesfest面临挑战的事情。
故选C。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第五段中的“ThefestivalisnowseekingpermissionfromEnvironmentCanadatorelocate(搬迁)thenestsome50metersawayortakeittoawildlifecenter.”可知现在该节日正在寻求加拿大环境部的许可,将鸟巢迁移到50米外,或带到野生动物中心,可以得知为了解决这个问题,节日筹备方打算把鸟巢搬到另一个地方。
故选A。
(4)考查词义猜测。
根据第五段中的“Movingthenestwouldalsoensurethebirdanditsyoungwouldbeprotectedduringthefestival's11-dayrun,saidMonahan.It'shighlylikelythatthefestival'sthousandsofattendeeswouldcausehugeproblemsforthebirdanditseggs.”可知Monahan说,为期11天的节日活动中,移动鸟巢能确保鸟儿和其幼鸟得到保护。
但是极有可能,成千上万的参与者会给这只鸟和它的蛋带来巨大的问题。
可以推断出当时的处境困难,故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
WhenIwasachild,ourdiningroomhadtwokindsofchairs—twolargeoneswitharmrestsandfoursmalloneswithout.Thelargeronesstoodattheendsofthetable,thesmalleronesonthesides.MomandDadsatinthebigchairs,exceptwhenoneofuswasaway;thenMomwouldsitinoneofthesmallerchairs.Dadalwayssatattheend,atthe"head"ofthetable.Sittingwherehedid,Dadwasframedbythewindowthroughwhichtheyardcouldbeseenwithitstreesandgrass.Hischairwasnotjustaplaceforhimattable;itwasaplaceinwhichhewassituatedagainsttheyardandthetrees.Itwastheholy(神圣的)andprotectedplacethatwashis,andoursthroughhim.
AfterDadretired,heandMommovedoutintoasmallflat.Whenthycametovisitmeattheiroldhouse,Dadstillsatattheendofthetablethoughthetablewasnolongerhisbutmine.OnlywithmymarriagetoBarbara,didIhearavoicequestioningthearrangement.Sherequested,gentlybutfirmly,thatIsitattheheadofthetableinourhome.IrealizedthenthatIwasheadofthefamily,butIalsofeltunwillingtointroducesuchachange.HowwouldIfeelsittinginthat"head"placeinmyDad'spresence?
Andhowwouldhehandleit?
Iwastofindoutontheoccasionofouryoungestchild'sfirstbirthday.
MomandDadarrivedforlunch,andwentintothediningroom.Dadmovedtowardhisusualseatinfrontofthewindow.Beforehecouldgetaroundthesideofthetable,Itookadeepbreathandsaid,"Dad,thisisgoingtobeyourplace,nexttoMom,ontheside."Hestopped,lookedatmeandthensatdown.Ifeltsad,andangryatBarbaraforpushingmetodothis.Itwouldhavebeeneasytosay,"Mymistake,Dad.Sitwhereyoualwayssit,"ButIdidn't.
WhenheandMomwereseated,BarbaraandItookourplaces.Idon'tknowhowDadfelt.Idoknowthat,thoughremovedfromhisusualplace,hecontinuedtosharehisbestselfwithus,tellingstoriesofhischildhoodandyouthtothedelightofhisgrandchildren.AsIservedthefood,ourlivesexperiencedachange,whichwecontinuetolivewith.
Itwasn'teasy,butIsensethatthereisalsosomethinggoodinthechangewhichhasoccurred.Iambeginningtolearnthat"honoringone'sfather"ismorethanthequestionofwhichplacetooccupyatthediningtable.Italsomeanslistening,whereverwesitandwhateverpositionsweown,tothestoriesDadlongstotell.Wemaythen,duringthesemagicalmoments,evenbeabletoforgetaboutwhosechairiswhose.
(1)WhydidDadalwayssitinthebigchairattheendofthetablebeforeheretired?
A.Becausethechairwaslargeenoughforhim.
B.Becausesittingtherehecou
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