论爱丽丝梦游仙境的童话性与现实性.docx
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论爱丽丝梦游仙境的童话性与现实性.docx
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论爱丽丝梦游仙境的童话性与现实性
中图分类号:
I106.4
学号:
南阳师范学院
本科毕业论文
论文题目:
论《爱丽丝梦游仙境》的童话性与现实性
作者:
李静
指导教师:
秦岭讲师
学院:
外国语学院
专业:
英语
班级:
2009级3班
二〇一三年三月
论《爱丽丝梦游仙境》的童话性与现实性
南阳师范学院
外国语学院
英语专业
申请文学学士学位
毕业论文
作者:
指导教师:
OntheRomanticismandRealismofAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland
AThesisSubmittedto
EnglishDepartment,
SchoolofForeignLanguages,
NanyangNormalUniversity
inPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirements
fortheDegreeofBachelorofArts
By
Supervisor:
Acknowledgments
Iwouldliketothankallthosewhohavegivenmetheirgeneroushelp,commitmentandenthusiasm,whichhavebeenthemajordrivingforcetocompletethecurrentpaper.
Firstandforemost,Iwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetomysupervisor,Ms.Qinforherilluminatingdirection,informativeadviceaswellasherpatientencouragementthroughoutthewritingofthisthesis.Shedevotedmuchtimeandprovidedmanysuggestionstotherevisionandimprovementofthemanydrafts.Herrigorousscholarshipandagreeablepersonalitywillbethemostvaluabletreasureinmywholelife.
MysincereappreciationalsogoestotheprofessorsinForeignLanguageDepartmentofNanyangNormalUniversity,fromwhosedevotedteachingandenlighteninglecturesIhavebenefitedalotandacademicallypreparedforthethesis.
Iamalsoverygratefultomyfriends,especiallymytwolovelyroommates:
JinXimeiandChenYinggefortheircarefulproof-readingofthisworkandusefuladvice.
Inaddition,thegratitudeIfindalmostimpossibletoarticulateisthatwhichIowetomyfamily.Myparentshavealwaysprovidedmewiththeirloveandemotionalsupportandencouragement.Myheartfeltthankstoallthepeoplewhohavegivenmehelparebeyondwords.Asfortheremainingdemeritsofthisstudy,Imyselftakethesoleresponsibility.
摘要
本研究以爱丽丝为研究对象,并结合维多利亚时代“家庭天使”的女性形象,来分析爱丽丝在小说中的具体表现并总结其童话性与现实性的意义。
本文旨在通过对《爱丽丝梦游仙境》的故事情节的分析研究更有助于读者在一定程度上克服阅读障碍,进一步加深对童话性与现实性的矛盾性这一主题的理解。
关键词:
家庭天使;权势批判;荒诞性
Abstract
BasedonAliceastheresearchobject,andconnectedwiththefemaleimageof“theangelinthehouse”inVictorianera,thispaperanalyzesthemanifestationofAliceinthenovelandsummarizesthesignificanceoftheromanticismandrealismofAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland.Meanwhile,theaimofthispaperistohelpreadersovercomeobstaclesinreadingbytheanalysisoftheabsurdplotsinAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland.
KeyWords:
“theangelinthehouse”;criticalpower;absurdity
Contents
AcknowledgmentsI
摘要II
AbstractIII
ContentsIV
1.Introduction1
1.1IntroductiontoLewisCarroll1
1.2IntroductiontoAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland2
2.TheStudyofVictorianWomen2
2.1TheStatusofVictorianWomen2
2.2ImageandCharacteristicsofthePerfectWoman4
2.21Partnership4
2.22TheAuraoftheVirginMary4
2.23TheIdeaofMaleSuperiority5
2.3SocialBackgroundoftheEnglishNovel5
3.TheStructureandContentsofAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland7
3.1MainCharactersinAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland7
3.2CriticalPowerofAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland8
3.3RomanticismofThroughtheLookingGlass11
4.TheBeautyofAbsurdityintheSpiritualWorld12
5.Conclusion14
Bibliography16
1.Introduction
1.1IntroductiontoLewisCarroll
LutwidgeDodgson(1832-1898),whowroteunderthenameLewisCarroll,wastheauthorofAlice’sAdventuresinWonderlandandThroughtheLooking-GlassandWhatAliceFoundThere.Hewasalsoanotedmathematicianandphotographer.BornonJan.27,1832,LewisCarrollpassedahappychildhoodintherectoriesofhisfather,theReverendCharlesDodgson.Forhisninesistersandtwobrothershefrequentlymadeupgamesandwrotestoriesandpoems,someofwhichforeshadowedthedelightsofAlice.AlthoughhisschoolyearsatRugby(1846-1849)wereunhappy,hewasrecognizedasagoodscholar,andin1850hewasadmittedtoChristChurch,Oxford.Hegraduatedin1854,andin1855hebecamemathematicallectureratthecollege.Thispermanentappointment,whichnotonlyrecognizedhisacademicsuperioritybutalsomadehimfinanciallysecure,carriedthestipulationsthatCarrolltookordersintheAnglicanChurchandremainedunmarried.Hecompliedwiththeserequirementsandwasordainedadeaconin1861.In1856CarrollmetAliceLiddell,the4-year-olddaughterofthedeanofChristChurch.DuringthenextfewyearsCarrollfrequentlymadeupstoriesforAliceandhersisters.OnJuly4,1862,whilepicnickingwiththeLiddellgirls,Carrollrecountedtheadventuresofalittlegirlwhofellintoarabbithole.Aliceaskedthathewritethetaleforher.Hedidso,callingitAlice’sAdventuresunderGround.Afterrevisions,thisworkwaspublishedin1865asAlice’sAdventuresinWonderlandwithillustrationsbyJohnTenniel[1:
10].Encouragedbyitssuccess,Carrollwroteasequel,ThroughtheLookingGlassandWhatAliceFoundThere(1872).Unlikemostofthechildren’sbooksoftheday,Aliceanditssequeldonotcontainobviousmoralizing.Noraretheywhatcriticshavetriedtomakethemallegoriesofreligionorpolitics.Theyaredelightfuladventurestoriesinwhichanormal,healthy,clearheadedlittlegirlreactstothe“reality”oftheadultworld.TheirappealtoadultsaswellastochildrenliesinAlice’sintelligentresponsetoabsurditiesoflanguageandaction.HecreatedtheAliceinWonderland,openedthegoldenageofBritishchildren’sliteratureinthefirstchapter,madehisnameandhisfairytaleworktogetherforeverintheworldofchildren’ssemanticsinhistory.
1.2IntroductiontoAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland
Alice’sAdventuresinWonderlandisaboutagirlthatfallsinaholeandgoesintothismagicalworld.Itisastoryabouta7year-oldgirl,experiencesavarietyofunusualsettingsandbizarrecharacters,allgivingrisetoheranxietyandfrustration.Aliceconqueringheranxiety,shegainsself-realizationtosomeextent,whichindicatesbewilderment,strugglesandpainsduringtheprocessofchildren’sgrowing-up.ItwaswrittenbyLewisCarrolllongago,butitisstillgreatlylovedbypeopleallovertheworldregardlessofageandoccupation.Therearemanyreasonsforthestorytobepopular.Onereasonisthattheplotrichinimaginationsatisfiespeople’scuriosityabouttheunknownworld.AndanotheroneisthatthelanguageisnotonlysimpletounderstandbutalsoperfectincombinationoftheromanticismandrealismofAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland.
2.TheStudyofVictorianWomen
2.1TheStatusofVictorianWomen
TheReformBillof1832gavethemiddleclassthepoliticalpoweritneededtoconsolidateandtoholdtheeconomicpositionithadalreadyachieved.Industryandcommerceburgeoned.Whiletheaffluenceofthemiddleclassincreased,thelowerclasses,throwingofftheirlandandgoingintothecitiestoformthegreaturbanworkingclass,livedevermorewretchedly.ThesocialchangesweresoswiftandbrutalthatGodwinianutopianismrapidlygavewaytoattemptseithertojustifytheneweconomicandurbanconditions,ortochangethem.Theintellectualsandartistsoftheagehadtodealinsomewaywiththeupheavalsinsociety,theobviousinequitiesofabundanceforafewandsqualorformany,and,emanatingfromthethroneofQueenVictoria(1837-1901),anemphasisonpublicrectitudeandmoralpropriety.
TheVictorianerawasthegreatageoftheEnglishnovel—realistic,thicklyplotted,crowdedwithcharacters,andlong.Itwastheidealformtodescribecontemporarylifeandtoentertainthemiddleclass.Britishindustrialization,democratization,theprocessofurbanizationinthereformera,basicallycompleted.Referringspecificallytomiddle-classwomenofVictorianwomenwasconsideredtobetheworld’smostperfect,themostholywomen,sothesocietycalledthem“theangelinthehouse”.However,accordingtotheanalysisandstudyofthereasonsfortheformationof“Angel”,weseethatitisthehumiliationofwomen.“Historyalwayswalkedthewindingroad,manythingsareincludedwiththesurfaceoppositetotheessenceofbourgeoiswomenarespoiledanddependent,butitistheirrelativesignofdeclineforthemenoftheclassstatus.”[2:
44].Becauseofthebourgeoiswomenhadnoeconomicautonomy,sotheirdailyliveswereatthemercyoftheman.Withouthusbandorfather’spermissiontheycouldnotgoouttowork,becauseitisdetrimentaltothetradition.Meanwhile,thewholesocietyneeds“familyangel”tomaintainthemoralandbeliefofthefamily,soastomaintaintheentiresocialmoralsandorders.
2.2ImageandCharacteristicsofthePerfectWoman
2.21Partnership
“Theangelinthehouse”andthemasculineworldbasicallywereinthestateofisolationinthepre-industrialsociety[3:
56].Popularcottageindustryandeconomicactivitieswerelimitedtothescopeofthefamily,sothehusbandandwifecouldbesaidtobepartners.Withtheindustrialrevolutionandprevalenceofcottageindustryquicklydeveloped,economicactivitieswereconfinedtothedomesticsphere.Becausethefemaledispositionwasnotsuitableforoutsidecomplexwork,sothemenwentouttoearnmoneytosupporttheirfamiliesandwomenstayedathomedoinghouseworkandraisingchildren.Andwomenhavebeentaughtgoingoutaslittleaspossibletomaintaintheirpurity.Therefore,familyhasincreasinglybecomeaisolatedspaceapartfromtheoutsideworld.Forthewomen,theyshouldcontactwiththeoutsidemainlythroughthemalemembersofthefamily.
2.22TheAuraoftheVirginMary
“Theangelinthehouse”hasreplacedtheimageofthevirginMariawiththeauraoftheVirgin
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- 关 键 词:
- 爱丽丝 梦游 仙境 童话 现实性