高考英语复习专题卷专题二《阅读理解说明类专练》.docx
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高考英语复习专题卷专题二《阅读理解说明类专练》.docx
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高考英语复习专题卷专题二《阅读理解说明类专练》
高考英语复习专题卷
专题二:
阅读理解说明类专练
(90分钟,90分)
考点01:
01冠词3颗星
考点02:
代词3颗星
考点03:
介词和介词短语2颗星
考点04:
名词3颗星
考点05:
主谓一致5颗星
考点06:
形容词和副词5颗星
考点08:
非谓语动词5颗星
考点09:
动词的时态和语态5颗星
考点10:
定语从句3颗星
考点13:
状语从句3颗星
考点14:
特殊句式2颗星
考点17:
阅读理解说明文5颗星
第I卷(选择题)(每题2分,共30分)
一.阅读理解
A
【来源】来源2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)考点17较易
Someoftheworld’smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.
Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.
It’sJasonMoran’sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter’sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.
“Jazzseemslikeit’snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite,”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio’sreporterNealConan.“WhatI’mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmugenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwriteanymore.It’sactuallycolor,andit’sactuallydigital.”
Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.“Themusiccan’tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame,”saysMoran.
Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller’smusicforadanceparty,“JusttokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic,”saysMoran.“Forme,it’stherecontextualization.Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion(情感)lie?
Arewe,asabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?
Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext,”saysMoran,“SoIwanttocontinuethosedialogue.ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster.”
1.WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?
考点17易
A.Torememberthebirthofjazz.
B.Toprotectculturaldiversity.
C.Toencouragepeopletostudymusic.
D.Torecognizethevalueofjazz.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?
考点17易
A.Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.
B.Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.
C.Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.
D.Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.
3.WhatcanweinferaboutMoran’sopiniononjazz?
考点17中难
A.Itwilldisappeargradually.
B.Itremainsblackandwhite.
C.Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes.
D.Itchangesevery50years.
4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
考点17中难
A.ExploringtheFutureofjazz.
B.TheRiseandFallofjazz.
C.TheStoryofajazzMusician.
D.CelebratingtheJazzDay.
B
【来源】2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)考点17中难
Abuild-it-yourselfsolarstill(蒸馏器)isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.DevelopedbytwodoctorsintheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,it’sanexcellentwatercollector.Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit’sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.Theonlycomponentsrequired,though,aresheetofclearorslightlymilkyplastic,sixfeetofplastictube,andacontainer—perhapsjustadrinkingcup—tocatchthewater.Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.
Toconstructaworkingstill,useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher’sproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole.
Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet’scenterdownwitharock.Theplasticshouldnowformacone(圆锥体)with45-degree-angledsides.Thelowpointofthesheetmustbecentereddirectlyover,andnomorethanthreeinchesabove,thecup.
Thesolarstillworksbycreatingagreenhouseundertheplastic.Groundwaterevaporates(蒸发)andcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform,rundownthematerialandfalloffintothecup.Whenthecontainerisfull,youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube,andwon’thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneedadrink.
5Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarstillequipmentfromthefirstparagraph?
考点17易
AIt’sdelicate.BIt’sexpensive.
C.It’scomplex.D.It’sportable
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thewatercatcher”inparagraph2referto?
考点17易
A.ThetubeB.Thestill
C.TheholeD.Thecup
7.What’sthelaststepofconstructingaworkingsolarstill?
考点17中难
A.DigaholeofacertainsizeB.Putthecupinplace
C.Weightthesheet’scenterdownD.Covertheholewiththeplasticsheet
8.Whenasolarstillworks,dropsofwatercomeintothecupform考点17.易
A.theplastictubeB.outsidethehole
C.theopenairDbeneaththesheet
C
【来源】2017年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试(北京卷)考点17中难
Measles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.
Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhoKS5Ucan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.
Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.
That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.
Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.
Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(决定不参加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption(豁免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.
Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.
Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?
Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.
9.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat____________.考点17易
A.asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrend
B.theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattention
C.anti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasons
D.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly
10.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen____________.考点17易
A.exemptionsareallowed
B.severalvaccinesareusedtogether
C.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedin
D.newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws
11.Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles?
考点17中难
A.Theoveruseofvaccine.
B.Thelackofmedicalcare.
C.Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.
D.Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.
12.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?
考点17中难
A.Tointroducetheideaofexemption.
B.Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles.
C.Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination.
D.Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.
D
【来源】辽宁省实验中学2017届高三第四次模拟考试考点17易
Educationisnotanend,butameanstoanend.Inotherwords,wedonoteducatechildrenonlyforthepurposeofeducatingthem.Ourpurposeistofitthemforlife.
Insomemoderncountriesithasforsometimebeenfashionabletothinkthatbyfreeeducationforall—whetherrichorpoor,cleverorstupid—onecansolvealltheproblemsofsocietyandbuildaperfectnation.Butwecanalreadyseethatfreeeducationforallisnotenough;wefindinsuchcountriesafarlargernumberofpeoplewithuniversitydegreesrefusetodowhattheythinktobe"low"work,and,infact,workingwithhandsisthoughttobedirtyandshamefulinsuchcountries.Butwehaveonlytothinkamomenttounderstandthattheworkofacompletelyuneducatedfarmerisfarmoreimportantthanthatofaprofessor.Wecanlivewithouteducation,butwedieifwehavenofood.Ifnoonecleanedourstreetsandtooktherubbishawayfromourhouses,weshouldgetterriblediseasesinourtowns.
Infact,whenwesaythatallofusmustbeeducatedtofitusforlife,itmeansthatwemustbeeducatedinsuchawaythat,firstly,eachofuscandowhateverworksuitedtohisbrainsandabilityand,secondly,wecanrealizethatalljobsarenecessarytosociety,andthatisverybadtobeashamedofone'swork.Onlysuchatypeofeducationcanbeconsideredvaluabletosociety.
13.Accordingtothepassage,thepurposeofeducationis_____.考点17易
A.tobuildaperfectworldB.tochooseasystemofeducation
C.toleteveryonereceiveeducationfitforhimD.to
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