专利US8443730B2.docx
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专利US8443730B2.docx
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专利US8443730B2
[公开号]:
US8443730B2
[专利名称]:
HIGHSTRENGTHPOLYMER-BASEDCARTRIDGECASINGANDMANUFACTURINGMETHOD
[公开日]:
May21,2013
[国际分类]:
F42B5/SO(2006.01)
[申请号]:
13/350,607
[申请日]:
Jan.13,2012
[发明人]:
CharlesPadgett,Orlando,FL(US)
[申请人]:
PCPTactical,LLC,VeroBeach,FL(US)
[优先权号]:
US2012/0180688A1Jul.19,2012
[同族专利]:
[发明摘要]:
Ahighstrengthpolymer-basedcartridgecasingcanincludeafirstendhavingamouthandaneckextendingawayfromthemouth.Next,ashoulderextendsbelowtheneckandawayfromthefirstend.Thecartridgecanbehaveafrangibleportioncapableofbeingsplitupondischargeofaprojectile.Theshouldercanhaveunequaloutsideandinsideshoulderangles.Thecasingcanalsoincludeaninserthavingarimatoneendorapluralityofribsextendinglongitudinallyalongawallbetweentheshoulderandthebottomofthecartridgeandspacedradiallyfromeachotheraroundacircumferenceofthewall.Aprojectilecanbedisposedinthemouthandareliefcanbedisposedonthenecknearthemouthandprojectile.Thereliefcanformagapbetweentheneckandtheprojectiletoreceiveanadhesive.
[发明领域(关键词)]:
Thepresentsubjectmatterrelatestoammunitionarticleswithplasticcomponentssuchascartridgecasingbodies,and,moreparticularly,tomakingammunitionarticleswithribs,avariablewidthshoulder,aninsert,andfrangibleneck.
[发明背景]:
Itiswellknownintheindustrytomanufacturecartridgecasesfromeitherbrassorsteel.Typically,industrydesigncallsformaterialsthatarestrongenoughtowithstandextremeoperatingpressuresandwhichcanbeformedintoacartridgecasetoholdthebullet,whilesimultaneouslyresistrupturingduringthefiringprocess.
Conventionalammunitiontypicallyincludesfourbasiccomponents,thatis,thebullet,thecartridgecaseholdingthebullettherein,apropellantusedtopushthebulletdownthebarrelatpredeterminedvelocities,andaprimer,whichprovidesthesparkneededtoignitethepowderwhichsetsthebulletinmotiondownthebarrel.
Thecartridgecaseistypicallyformedfrombrassandisconfiguredtoholdthebulletthereintocreateapredeterminedresistance,whichisknownintheindustryasbulletpull.Thecartridgecaseisalsodesignedtocontainthepropellantmediaaswellastheprimer.
However,brassisheavy,expensive,andpotentiallyhazardous.Forexample,theweightof.50caliberammunitionisabout60poundsperbox(200cartridgespluslinks).
Thebulletisconfiguredtofitwithinanopenendormouthofthecartridgecase.Certainbullets,mainlyfornon-militaryuses,canincludeagroove(hereinafterreferredtoasacannelure)formedinthemidsectionofthebullettoacceptacrimpingactionimpartedtothemetalliccartridgecasetherein.Whenthecrimpedportionofthecartridgecaseholdsthebulletbylockingintothecannelureorontothediameter,abulletpullvalueisprovidedrepresentingapredeterminedtensionatwhichthecartridgecaseholdsthebullet.Thebulletpullvalue,ineffect,assistsimpartingaregulatedpressureandvelocitytothebulletwhenthebulletleavesthecartridgecaseandtravelsdownthebarrelofagun.
Furthermore,thebulletistypicallymanufacturedfromasoftmaterial,suchas,forexampleonly,lead.Thebulletisacceptedintothemouthofthecartridge,andthenthecartridgealoneiscrimpedtoanyportionofthebullettoholdthebulletinplaceinthecartridgecase.Though,typically,thecartridgecaseiscrimpedtothecannelureofthebullet.
However,onedrawbackofthisdesignisthatthecrimpedneckdoesnotreleasefromaroundthebulletevenlywhenfired.Thisispartlyduetothefactthatthebrasscasingisnotmanufacturedperfectly.Thematerialthicknessaroundtheneckisslightlydifferentcausingthecasetodeformatslightlydifferentratesthusallowingthebullettobepushedslightlyoffcenterwhencomingout.Thisleadstouncertainperformancefromroundtoround.Pressurescanbuildupunevenlyandaltertheaccuracyofthebullet.
Thepropellantistypicallyasolidchemicalcompoundinpowderformcommonlyreferredtoassmokelesspowder.Propellantsareselectedsuchthatwhenconfinedwithinthecartridgecase,thepropellantbumsataknownandpredictablyrapidratetoproducethedesiredexpandinggases.Asdiscussedabove,theexpandinggasesofthepropellantprovidetheenergyforcethatlaunchesthebulletfromthegraspofthecartridgecaseandpropelsthebulletdownthebarrelofthegunataknownandrelativelyhighvelocity.
Theprimeristhesmallestofthefourbasiccomponentsusedtoformconventionalammunition.Asdiscussedabove,primersprovidethesparkneededtoignitethepowderthatsetsthebulletinmotiondownthebarrel.Theprimerincludesarelativelysmallmetalcupcontainingaprimingmixture,foilpaper,andrelativelysmallmetalpost,commonlyreferredtoasananvil.
Whenafiringpinofagunorfirearmstrikesacasingoftheprimer,theanviliscrushedtoignitetheprimingmixturecontainedinthemetalcupoftheprimer.Typically,theprimermixtureisanexplosiveleadstyphnateblendedwithnon-corrosivefuelsandoxidizerswhichburnsthroughaflashholeformedintherearareaofthecartridgecaseandignitesthepropellantstoredinthecartridgecase.Inadditiontoignitingthepropellant,theprimerproducesaninitialpressuretosupporttheburningpropellantandsealstherearofthecartridgecasetopreventhigh-pressuregasesfromescapingrearward.Itshouldbenotedthatitiswellknownintheindustrytomanufactureprimersinseveraldifferentsizesandfromdifferentmixtures,eachofwhichaffectsignitiondifferently.
Thecartridgecase,whichistypicallymetallic,actsasapayloaddeliveryvesselandcanhaveseveralbodyshapesandheadconfigurations,dependingonthecaliberoftheammunition.Despitethedifferentbodyshapesandheadconfigurations,allcartridgecaseshaveafeatureusedtoguidethecartridgecase,withabulletheldtherein,intothechamberofthegunorfirearm.
Theprimaryobjectiveofthecartridgecaseistoholdthebullet,primer,andpropellantthereinuntilthegunisfired.Uponfiringofthegun,thecartridgecasesealsthechambertopreventthehotgasesfromescapingthechamberinarearwarddirectionandharmingtheshooter.Theemptycartridgecaseisextractedmanuallyorwiththeassistanceofgasorrecoilfromthechamberoncethegunisfired.
AsshowninFIG.1A,abottleneckcartridgecase10hasabody11formedwithashoulder12thattapersintoaneck13havingamouthatafirstend.Notethattheshoulder12hasauniformthickness,orwidth.Further,theangleoftheshoulder12ontheoutsideofthecartridgecase10isthesameastheangleoftheshoulder12insidethecase10,denotedasaand
respectively.Inthepriorart,a=0,andtheshoulderangleaisdictatedbythecaliberofthecartridge.Aprimerholdingchamber15isformedatasecondendofthebodyoppositethefirstend.Adivider16separatesamaincartridgecaseholdingchamber17,whichcontainsapropellant,fromtheprimerholdingchamber15,whichcommunicatewitheachotherviaaflashholechannel18formedinthewebarea16.Anexteriorcircumferentialregionoftherearendofthecartridgecaseincludesanextractiongroove19aandarim19b.
PriorartpatentsinthisareaincludeU.S.Pat.No.4,147,107toRingdal,U.S.Pat.No.6,845,716toHusseinietal.,U.S.Pat.No.7,213,519toWileyetal.,andU.S.Pat.No.7,610,858toChung.Thefourpatentsaredirectedtoanammunition
cartridgesuitableforriflesorgunsandincludingacartridgecasemadeofatleastaplasticsmaterial.However,eachhastheirowndrawbacks.
Further,atechnicalreportreleasedinMay2005bytheArmamentResearch,DevelopmentandEngineeringCentertitled“AlternativeCartridgeCaseMaterialandDesign”byJ.
S.Chung,etal.(the“ChungPaper”)describesindetailthefailingsofcertainpolymersusedinammunitioncartridgesandcartridgedesignsknowntotheauthors.Featuresandlimitationsareidentifiedforcartridge,thepolymer,andthemoldingprocess.Manydrawbacksarenoted.
Henceaneedexistsforapolymercasingthatcanperformaswellasorbetterthanthebrassalternative.Afurtherimprovementarepolymercasingsthatarecapableofproductioninamoreconventionalandcosteffectivemanner,i.e.byusingstandardloadingpressesandbettermanufacturingtechniques.
[发明概述]:
Theteachingshereinalleviateoneormoreoftheabovenotedproblemswiththestrengthandformationofpolymerbasedcartridges.
Ahighstrengthpolymer-basedcartridgecasinginclosinga25volume,canincludeafirstendhavingamouth,aneckextendingawayfromthemouth,andashoulderextendingbelowtheneckandawayfromthefirstend.Aprojectilecanbedisposedinthemouthandafrangibleportioncanbedisposedontheneck,whichiscapableofbeingsplitupondischargeoftheprojectile.Inanexample,thesplitofthefrangibleportionpreventsasecondprojectilefrombeingdisposedinthemouth.
Thefrangibleportioncanbe,atleast,acut-out,areducedthicknessoftheneck,ascallopintheneck,oraperforatedseam.Thefrangibleportioncanbedisposedonaninsideoroutsideofthecasing,andcanextendtoapproximatelytheshoulder.
Amethodofmakingahighstrengthpolymer-basedcartridgecasingcanhavethestepsofmoldingacomponentusingapolymer.Themoldingstepcanincludemoldingafirstendhavingamouthandasecondendoppositethefirstend.Stepsalsoincludemoldinganeckextendingawayfromthemouth,moldingashoulderextendingbelowtheneckandawayfromthefirstend;andformingafrangibleportionontheneckcapab
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