跨文化交际课程unit6.ppt
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跨文化交际课程unit6.ppt
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InterculturalcommunicationLecture6:
CuturalVariationsinNegotiationStylesReviewmCulturalValuesComparisonBetweenChineseValuesandWesternValues(expressinggratitude,symbolizationandattitudestowardswomen)mCulturalDimensionsPowerDistance(smallandlarge)IndividualismVersusCollectivismMasculinityVersusFeminityUncertaintyAvoidance(lowandhigh)TheMianContentmThelifecycleofagroupStageone:
FormingStagetwo:
StormingStagethree:
NormingStagefour:
PerformingmCuturalVariationsinNegotiationStylesCulturalVariationsinConductingBusinessCulturalVariationsinSelectingNegotiatorsCuturalVariationsinDecision-makingWarm-upcasesWhenPresidentGeorgeBushwenttoJapanwithleadingAmericanbusinessmen,hemadeexplicitanddirectdemandsonJapaneseleaders,whichviolatedJapaneseetiquette.TotheJapanese,itisrudeandasignofignoranceordesperationtomakedirectdemands.SomeanalystsbelieveitseverelydamagedthenegotiationsandconfirmedtotheJapanesethatAmericansarebarbarians.AJapanesemanagerinanAmericancampanywastoldtogivecriticalfeedbacktoasubordinateduringaperformanceevaluation.BecausetheJapaneseareusedtohighcontextlanguageandareuncomfortablewithgivingdirectfeedback,ittookthemanagerfivetriesbeforehewasdirectenoughfortheAmericansubordinatetounderstand.mQuestionsfordiscussion:
WhydidtheJapanesethinkthatAmericansarebarbarians?
WhywasitsodifficultfortheJapanesemanagertotellhissubordinateabouthispoorperformance?
Case2UnhappywiththeMoneyPaidMr.WangandMr.zhengmetDr.Huang,aChineseAustralian,whiledoingtheirMAcourseinTESOLattheformerCanberraCollegeofAdvancedEducation.Everyotherweekend,Dr.HuangwouldaskMr.WangandMr.zheng,togetherwithoneortwootherstudents,tocometoherhomefordinner.Everyoneseemedathomewitheachotherandgotonverynicely.Duringoneconversation,Dr.HuangfoundoutMr.WangandMr.zhengweregoodcarpenters,sosheaskediftheycouldhelpherteardowntheoldfenceanderectanewonearoundherhouse.Feelinggratefultoherforallthewonderfulthingsshehaddoneforthemandalltheeffortsshehadmadeinhelpingthemadjusttothenewculture,thetwoChinesestudentsinstantlyagreedandpromisedtomakeheraChinese-stylefencethatwouldaddahomefeelingtohertypicalAustralianhouse.Duringthesemesterbreak,thetwostudentsarrivedinDr.Huangsplace,wheretheylookedaroundandenjoyedsomedrinks.Justastheyweretostartworkonthefence,Dr.Huangaskedhowmuchmoneytheywantedforthewholeproject.Mr.Zhengsmiledandsaid,Youdonthavetopay.Wearehappytobeabletodosomethingforyou.AtDr.Huangsinsistence,Mr.Wangshylyaskedifonehundreddollarswouldbeallright.Dr.HuanghandedthemanenvelopwithonehundredAustraliandollarsenclosed.SeeingthatMr.Zhengdidnotopentheenvelope,Dr.Huanginsistedthattheyconfirmtherewasonehundreddollarsenclosed.Abitembarrassed,Mr.Zhengopeneditandassuredherthattherewasnomistake.Theythankedeachother,andMr.WangandMr.Zhengleftherplace,withDr.Huangconfusedabouttheiruneasyfeeling.WhenMr.WangandMr.Zhengreturnedtotheirresidence,theycomplainedaboutherbeingstingy.Questionfordiscussion;WhywereMr.ZhengandMr.Wangunhappywhentheyopenedtheenvelopeandsawtheonehundreddollars?
Chineseareusuallyillateasewhentalkingaboutpaywithfriendsorrelatives.ThelifecycleofagroupmStageone:
FormingmWhenagroupisforming,membersexpectthenewgrouptobeliketheirpreviousgroupexperiences.Example:
SolvingProblemsmAChinesefamilyworriesabouttheirchildssafety,becausethechildhastocrossadangerousintersectiononthewaytoschool.Theysolvetheproblembyhavingoneoftheparentsorgrandparentsaccompanythechildtoschool.mAnAmericanfamilyworriesabouttheirchildssafety,becausethechildhastocrossadangerousintersectiononthewaytoschool.Theysolvetheproblembyorganizingagroupofparentstoasktheschooladministrationtoprovideacrossingguardattheintersectionduringthehourschildrenarecomingandgoingfromschool.Why?
Individualiststhinkgroupscanaccomplishthingsapersoncannotdoalone,soformingagroupisawaytoachievepersonalgoals.WhataretheChineseattitudestowardsjoininggroups?
ToindividualistsmAllgroupsaretemporary;mGroupscanaccomplishthingsapersoncannotdoalone,soformingorjoiningagroupisawaytoachievepersonalgoals;mIfthebossassignshimtoworkonataskforce,theindividualistislikelytoseehisbosssassignmentasachancetodevelophisleadershipskills;mTheyexpecteachgrouptobedifferent.ToCollectivistsmTheyarelikelytoseehimselfasarepresentativeofhisimportantingroups;mParticipatingisnotapersonalchoicebutaresponsetothewishesofothers;mTheusualattitudeofacollectivististoexpectthenew
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