MBA商务英语Business English.docx
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MBA商务英语Business English.docx
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MBA商务英语BusinessEnglish
BusinessEnglish
1
Warm-up
1.Howdoyoustudymosteffectively?
Bystudying…
●atthesametimeeveryday/atdifferent
timesoftheday?
●earlyinthemorning/lateatnight?
●onyourown/withothers?
●athome/atyourplaceofstudy(schoolorcollege)?
2
Studyingatthesameplaceandatthesametimeeveryday
●Associatetheplaceandtimewithconcentrationandstudying
●Createasetstudyroutine
●Developahabitofstudying
3
Studyingbestearlyinthemorning
lFeelenergeticandrefreshed
lBemostefficientmentally(bethesharpest)
lConcentratethemost
Studyingbestlateatnight
lMostproductiveanduninterrupted
4
Studyingonyourown
lFree
lFlexible
Studyingwithothers
lLearningfromdiscussingandsharingthoughtswitheachother
lHelping/facilitatingeachother
lPracticingspeaking
5
Studyingathome
lComfortable,pleasantandrelaxing
lQuietwithlessdistractionandnoises
Studyingintheclassroom/library
lForcedtostudy
lMorefocused
lQuiet
6
Waysofworking
Vocabulary
Differentwaysofworking
Reading
Howtojob-share
1.1Waysofworking
Listening
Workingfromhome
Speaking
Amini-presentation
7
Vocabulary
vDifferentwaysofworking
1.Howdoyouworkmosteffectively?
Byworking…
●atthesametimeeveryday/atdifferenttimesoftheday?
●earlyinthemorning/lateatnight?
●onyourown/withothers?
●athome/atyourplaceofstudy(school
orcollege)?
8
2.
Matchthesewaysofworking1-8todefinitionsA-I.Doyouworkinanyoftheseways?
1freelance
2teleworking
3job-sharing
4shift-work
5part-time
6temping
7consultancy
8flexitime
9hot-desking
AYouworkduringdifferentpartsoftheday(eg.nights).
BYousellyourworkorservicestoanumberofdifferentcompanies.
CYouworkfordifferentcompaniesforashorttimewithoutapermanentcontract.
DYouworkanumberofhoursperweekormonthbutyoudecidewhenyoustartorfinish.
EYoudon’thaveapermanentplaceorofficetoworkat,butyoufindaplacetoworkwhenyouarrive.
FYouworkforacompanyfromhomeviaemail,phoneorthe
Internet.
GYouonlyworkforsomeoftheweek(notfull-time).
HYoudoyourjobforpartoftheweekandanotherpersondoesitfortheotherpart.
IYouaren’temployedbyacompany,butarepaidtogivespecialistadvice.
9
Vocabulary
Differentwaysofworking
1.freelance
2.teleworking
3.job-sharing
4.shiftwork
5.part-time
6.temping
7.consultancy
8.flexitime/flextime
9.hot-desking
v
自由职业
v远程办公/居家办公
v分担工作
v轮班/倒班工作
v兼职
v临时工作
v顾问工作
v弹性工作时间
v办公桌轮用
10
Afreelancer,freelanceworker,orfreelance
Øworksindependentlyandontemporarycontractsratherthanforalong-termemployer.
Freelanceprofessions:
Øphotographer,writer,websitedesigner,graphicdesigner,accountant,dentist,lawyer,translator,etc.
11
Freelancersareself-employedand
●candecidewhattodo,wheretoprovidetheirservices,whentoworkandhowtheydotheirwork
●risktheirownmoneyintheirwork
●canmakealossaswellasaprofitfromtheirwork
●providethemainitemsofequipmenttheyneedtodotheirjob
●arefreetohireotherpeopletodotheworktheyhavetakenon,ortotakeonhelpersattheirownexpense
●areresponsibleforcorrectingunsatisfactoryworkintheirowntimeandattheirownexpense
12
Teleworking
Anywayofworkingatadistanceusingacombinationofcomputersandtelecommunications.Itisoftenassociatedwithhome-basedworking,butincludesmobileworking,etc
WorkfromHomevs.WorkatHome
13
Telecommuting
Thistermisusedinterchangeablywithteleworking,andisthemorecommontermintheUS.Theconceptualemphasisisonreplacingthecommutejourneythroughelectronicaccesstotheworkplace.
wordextension:
telecommuter/home-basedworker远程办公者
14
Job-sharing
Twoworkersshareasinglepositionanddecidetogetherwheneachwillworkandwhichtaskseachwillperform,andreceivesalaryandbenefitsonpro-ratabasis(inproportion)
Akindofflexibleworkarrangement
15
Examples:
●Twoworkerssplittheworkofasingleposition60%/40%,sharethesalaryaccordingly,andareintheoffice2daysperweekatthesametime.
16
ShiftWork
24hrworkschedules
Workthatisbrokenintochunksoftime
e.g.thedayshiftmaybe8a.m.to4p.m.;thenightshiftmidnightto8a.m.,etc.
RelatedTerm:
OT(overtimepay加班工资)
17
PermanentFull-TimeJobs
Mostcommonwayofworking(50to80%ofworkers)Workdirectlyfortheorganizationwithfullbenefits
The“standard”workweekconsistsoffiveeight-hourdays,totaling40hours
18
Part-TimeJobs
Mostcommonalternativewaytowork
workfewerthan30or35hoursperweek
Allowsemployerstoadjusttochangesindemandforproducts,services
Meetstheneedsofworkerswithotherpersonalresponsibilities
19
Temping
Workingshortemploymenttaskswithavarietyofclients,usuallythroughatempingagency.
Tempingisgreatforbuildingresume,learningskills,networking-andjobflexibilityandvariety.
20
Consultancy
Theactofanindividualororganizationprovidingprofessionaladvicetoothersforafee.Awidevarietyofconsultantsexistformanyareasoforganizationalconcerns,includingmanagement,accounting,finance,andlegalandtechnicalmatters.
Consultancy咨询专家,咨询类公司
21
Flextime
Widelypracticedinorganizationsinthefollowingways:
vWorking4daysat10hoursperweek
vWorkingfrom6:
30amto3:
30p.m.
vTakingahalfhourforlunch
vWorkinglongerdaysandthenhalfdays
vWorkingweekenddays
22
Flextime(continued)
vHelpsemployeeswithotherobligations(family,medical,etc.)
vHelpsemployerswhoneedparticulartimescoveredoutsidethe8-5shift
vHelpslocalcommunitieswithtrafficproblems
23
Hot-desking
vamethodofsharingdeskswithworkers.Thishasbeenmadeeasierbytheuseoflaptopsandallowsworkerstocarryouttheirtasksanywherewhentheyareworkingfromtheirownlaptop.
vMoreproductiveuseofofficespace
24
3.
Waysofworking
Possibleadvantages
Possibledisadvantages
freelance
teleworking
job-sharing
shift-work
part-time
temping
consultancy
flexitime
hot-desking
Workinpairs.Thinkofsomeadvantagesordisadvantagesforeachwayofworkinginexercise2.
25
Waysofworking
Possibleadvantages
Possibledisadvantages
freelance
youchoosethejob
nojobsecurity
teleworking
organizeyourwork
time
youneedtobegoodat
self-organization
job-sharing
morefreetime
needtocoordinatewithotherperson
shift-work
givesyouyourdays
free
tiring
part-time
morefreetime
lessmoney
temping
lotsofvariety
hardtoprogressyourcareer
consultancy
wellpaid
nojobsecurity
flexitime
goodforwork-lifebalance
notgoodforpeoplewholikeroutine
hot-desking
savesthecompanymoney
disruptivetoemployees
26
Reading
4.Readaboutjob-sharing.Writetheseheadingsintoeachparagraph.
GetorganizedSetyourlimitsPutpentopaperTwobecomeone
OpenyourmindPlanfordisasterFindtheperfectpartnerDon’tfeelguilty
Howtojob-share
Wouldn’titbeniceiftheworkingweekfinishedonWednesday?
Withajob-shareitcan.Here’stheessentialguidetomakingitwork.
(1)Findtheperfectpartner.
Findsomeoneyoulike.‘Bepreparedtocommunicateandsharecreditandblame,’saysCarolSavage,themanagingdirectorofFlexecutive,aflexibleworkingconsultancy.
(2)Openyourmind
Bossesshouldconsiderrequestsforflexibleworkingfromemployeeswithchildren
undersix.Soembracethebenefits:
‘Twiceasmuchexperience,skills,brainpowerandenergy,’Savagesays.
(3)Planfordisaster
Alwaysdiscusstheworst-casescenarios.WhenMargaretMills,ateacher,lostherjob-sharepartnerbecauseofafamilyillness,areturntofull-timeworkseemedinevitable.
‘Wehadbeenover-optimistic.Ididmanagetofindsomeoneelsewhofittedinwithme,
butIwasverylucky.27
(3)
Getorganized
Planthesystemforhandingworkovercarefullyandplaytoeachother’sdifferentstrengths.Delegatetheworkloadaccordingtoeachother’sparticularskillsandqualities.
(4)Setyourlimits
Managershouldclarifywhattheyexpectintermsofhours,availabilityandresults,andemployeesshouldmanagetheiremployer’sexpectations.SueOsborn,ajob-sharerfor21years,says,‘We’reoftenaskedtodofive-dayweeks.Eventuallyyoujusthavetosayno.’
(5)Putpentopaper
Agreeinwritingarrangementsforholidays,parentalleave,retirement,etc.
everyoneshouldknowwheretheystandfromthebeginning.
(6)Don’tfeelguilty
Donotworkuntil1amathometomakeupfornotbeingintheofficeeveryday.
(7)Twobecomeone
Clientsmaynotlikehavingtodealwithtwopeopleworkingcloselytogether.AsSavagesays:
‘Ajob-shareshouldbelikeamarriage---onevoice,oneunit.’
BACK
28
Languagepoints
vShareCredit&Blame:
ShareHonor&Disgrace
vconsultancy:
consultingcompany
vrequest(n.)forsth.fromsb./demandforsthfromsb.
vembrace:
completeacceptsthsuchasanewbelief,idea,orwayoflife
eg.embraceBuddhism
29
vtheworst-casescenario:
thesituationthatistheworstoneyoucanimagine
vf
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